What new changes will be made to the people’s ＂money bags＂ in 2018？
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 5 th Question: What new changes will be made in the "money bag" of local people in 2018?
Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporter
How to raise people’s income has become the focus of attention at the local two conferences held recently. "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters combed the government work reports of 16 provinces and found that most places put forward the goal of basically synchronizing the increase of residents’ income with economic growth.
In addition, according to different situations, all localities have listed "people’s livelihood lists" in employment, poverty alleviation, pension, education and medical care. These measures will have an important impact on the people’s "money bags" in 2018.
Employment: Improve the quality of employment and drive higher income through entrepreneurship and skills training.
To increase the income of residents, it is necessary to create jobs as much as possible, so that more workers can achieve employment and high-quality employment. Many provinces have set up a "military order" for new employment in government work reports. In 2018, Henan proposed to create more than 1 million new urban jobs, and the urban survey unemployment rate was controlled within 5.5%; Guangdong proposed to create 1.1 million new jobs in cities and towns, and control the registered unemployment rate in cities and towns within 3.5%.
In addition, many provinces also encourage "entrepreneurship to promote employment" and strengthen employment skills training to improve the quality of employment and increase the labor income of employed groups. Hubei Province has clearly broadened the employment channels for groups such as workers who have been diverted from production capacity, rural labor force transfer, and people with employment difficulties in cities and towns, and implemented the employment promotion plan in Hubei. Jiangxi proposed to establish a continuous support mechanism for venture capital, and added 10 billion yuan of venture guarantee loans.
Zhang Baoyi, member of Tianjin CPPCC and director of the Institute of Sociology of Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences, said that expanding employment is an important way to increase the income of urban and rural residents. Many places plan to take measures this year to enhance employment skills and improve the quality of employment, which will bring higher labor wage income to more residents’ "money bags" and continuously narrow the income gap among residents.
Get rid of poverty: 10 million people out of poverty have enough to eat and wear, and constantly improve the security of education, medical care and housing.
The target of the number of people who plan to get rid of poverty this year is clearly defined in the work reports of many local governments. Hunan Province proposes that more than 1.3 million poor people will be lifted out of poverty under the current poverty alleviation standards; Promote e-commerce, tourism and photovoltaic poverty alleviation. Shaanxi Province has proposed to increase the financial aid-the-poor funds for deep poverty-stricken counties, and increase it by 20% on the basis of the normal increase, and strive to lift 997,000 poor people out of poverty throughout the year.
Many places have also determined the task list of "removing hats" for poverty-stricken counties and villages in 2018. For example, Henan Province plans to remove hats from poverty in 19 national poverty-stricken counties and 14 provincial poverty-stricken counties; In Anhui Province, 10 state-level poverty-stricken counties and 8 provincial-level poverty-stricken counties were removed from their hats, and more than 700 poverty-stricken villages were listed.
In 2018, it is estimated that 10 million people will be lifted out of poverty in rural areas across the country. Julia, a member of the Hubei Provincial Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Hubei Provincial Bureau of Statistics, said that to achieve the goal of not worrying about food and clothing, and to improve compulsory education, basic medical care and housing security, we must rely on income growth to support it. In addition, financial funds at all levels will be inclined to poor counties and villages, and a series of measures such as supporting industries, upgrading skills, relocating in different places, and ensuring the bottom will steadily increase the income of poor families.
Pension: raise the pension standard for employees and residents in many places.
In the work reports of many provincial governments, it is proposed to deepen the provincial-level overall planning of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees and raise the pension standards for retirees and urban and rural residents. This is an important measure to improve the anti-risk ability of the pension fund and improve the level of pension benefits. For example, Guangdong Province and Jiangxi Province have proposed to improve or deepen the provincial-level overall reform of the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees.
Many provinces have also clearly adjusted the pension standards for urban and rural workers and residents. Hunan Province proposed to continue to raise the basic pension level for retirees and the monthly per capita basic pension standard for urban and rural residents; Henan Province proposed to raise the minimum standard of basic pension for urban and rural residents by 50% and adjust the pensions for retirees in enterprises, institutions and institutions.
Xiang Yunhua, a professor at the Social Security Research Center of Wuhan University, said that improving the overall planning level of pension funds and improving the fund’s ability to resist risks are the basis for realizing the stable growth of pensions for employees and residents. At present, all localities need to start laying the foundation for realizing the national overall planning of pension funds.
Education: Building more public kindergartens to alleviate the "expensive admission"
It is a difficult problem for many parents of young children that public kindergartens with low fees can’t go to school, and private kindergartens with high fees can’t afford it. Many provinces will solve the problem of difficult and expensive preschool education, which is the focus of this year’s education work.
Beijing will adhere to the principle of paying equal attention to public and private enterprises, innovating financial input methods, vigorously developing inclusive kindergartens, and adding about 30 thousand new degrees during the year; Anhui province has proposed to build, renovate and expand 300 public kindergartens, and the gross enrollment rate has increased to 86% in the three years before school; Guangdong Province has clearly increased its support for inclusive kindergartens to ensure the degree demand after the implementation of the "two-child" policy.
Some deputies said that preschool education is not included in the compulsory education category, which is the stage of heavy family education expenditure. Some provinces focus on increasing the number and degree of public kindergartens in the field of education, which has seized the pain point in the current education expenditure of the people. After the number and quality of public kindergartens are improved, it will provide a guarantee for many family children to enter the park.
Housing: At least 18 provinces have promoted both rent and purchase, and the cost performance of renting houses has been significantly improved.
Buying a house and renting a house are important expenses for urban residents. The reporter found that at least 18 provincial government work reports clearly put forward that renting and purchasing should be carried out simultaneously, and the construction of rental housing should be intensified to continue to increase the supply of rental housing land.
Beijing has proposed that 1,000 hectares of collective land will be supplied for the construction of rental housing in five years. Shanghai will build and transform 200,000 rental houses. Nanjing guarantees that the proportion of rental housing land supply to housing land supply will reach more than 30%.
Yan Yuejin, director of the think tank center of Shanghai Yiju Research Institute, said that promoting both rent and purchase can increase the supply of the housing rental market and effectively change the current situation of "selling one leg long and renting one leg short" in the real estate market. Under the condition that the rent will not be greatly increased, the living conditions and environment will be obviously improved, the cost performance of renting houses will be improved, and the problem of renting sandwich houses will be solved.
Medical care: reduce the pressure of medical expenses by strengthening medical insurance coverage and cost control.
It is mentioned in the work reports of local governments that it is a key point to strengthen the medical security of the people and alleviate the high cost of seeing a doctor.
Hubei province proposes to fully implement the urban and rural basic medical insurance system, and realize the organic connection of basic medical insurance, serious illness insurance and medical assistance; In Jiangxi Province, the poor people will be treated first and then paid, and the "one-stop" settlement will be fully covered, ensuring that the actual compensation ratio for medical expenses of poor patients will reach over 90%.
In addition, medical fee control is also the focus of medical and health work in some provinces this year. This year, Beijing will standardize and adjust the prices of the second batch of medical services, and implement group payment according to diseases in tertiary hospitals in the city; Hebei Province proposed to fully implement the "two-vote system" for drug procurement and strictly control the unreasonable increase of medical expenses.
"Medical insurance coverage and cost control will effectively reduce the pressure on people’s medical expenses." Chen Zhonglin, member of Tianjin CPPCC and executive vice chairman of Tianjin Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese, said that the gradual realization of full coverage of medical insurance will enable more residents to enjoy medical insurance protection when they see a doctor and reduce the occurrence of returning to poverty due to illness; Measures such as standardizing service prices and charging according to diseases will effectively control the unreasonable growth of medical expenses such as drugs and examinations, so that more people can afford to see the disease and see it well.