Speeding up the construction of a new development pattern with domestic macro-cycle as the main body and domestic and international dual-cycle promoting each other is a strategic layout and a first move to grasp the initiative of future development. Building a new development pattern is an important content of the supreme leader’s economic thought, which is of overall guiding significance for promoting high-quality development and building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.
At present, the overall situation of the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation is intertwined with the unprecedented changes in the world in a hundred years. We should improve our historical thinking ability based on the changes in China’s development stage, environment and conditions, scientifically grasp the practical logic of building a new development pattern, accelerate the self-reliance of high-level science and technology, make the country and the nation better and strengthen the real economy, put the development of the country and the nation on the basis of our own strength, continuously enhance the main position of the domestic big cycle, realize the mutual promotion of the domestic and international double cycles, and consolidate the foundation of China’s economic development.
Accelerate the promotion of high-level science and technology, self-reliance and self-improvement
Productivity is the fundamental driving force for the development of human society. Science and technology is the primary productive force, and it is a concentrated reflection of human’s ability to understand and apply natural laws and social laws. Self-reliance in science and technology is the foundation of national prosperity and the key to security. On the new journey, we must strengthen independent innovation, promote scientific and technological self-reliance and constantly improve the independence, autonomy and security of China’s development in a spirit of waiting for no time.
Looking back on the development of the world, there have been several major scientific and technological revolutions in the world since the 18th century, each of which has profoundly changed the face and pattern of world development. The economic and social development of some countries has entered the fast lane, and their economic strength, scientific and technological strength and military strength have increased rapidly, even becoming a world power. During the first industrial revolution, Britain established an industrial system with cotton spinning, coal, steel and shipbuilding as its pillars, and took the lead in the world. During the second industrial revolution, the United States established an industrial system with electricity, petroleum, chemicals and automobiles as its pillars, and its manufacturing scale and output value increased rapidly, becoming the leader and the biggest beneficiary in the scientific and technological and industrial revolution.
Focusing on China, in the process of promoting modernization, our party has always attached great importance to the development of education, science and technology, and talents, and made major arrangements such as implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of innovation-driven development, which laid a solid foundation for China’s modernization. Looking back at history, after the founding of New China, we blew the horn of "marching into science". At the beginning of reform and opening up, Deng Xiaoping clearly put forward the important conclusion that "science and technology are the primary productive forces". The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, and put accelerating scientific and technological progress in the key position of economic and social development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has insisted on putting scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall national development and thoroughly implemented the innovation-driven development strategy. China’s scientific and technological undertakings have undergone historic, holistic and structural changes, successfully entered the ranks of innovative countries, and embarked on a development path from being strong in talents and technology to being strong in industry, economy and country.
With the in-depth development of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, the new format characterized by digitalization, networking and intelligence is developing rapidly, and new fields and new tracks continue to emerge, which will surely profoundly change the production and lifestyle of human beings and reshape the world economic and political pattern. However, we should also see that the world has undergone unprecedented changes in the past century, and some developed countries have continuously suppressed China’s scientific and technological innovation and industrial development, and the security and stability of China’s industrial chain supply chain are facing multiple pressures. Accelerating the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance is the most essential feature of building a new development pattern, the key to ensuring the smooth flow of domestic circulation and shaping China’s new advantages in the international circulation, and the only way to promote high-quality development. It is necessary to strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength, optimize the allocation of innovative resources, and vigorously promote the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talents, and innovation-driven development. Strengthen the connection between innovation chain and the industrial chain, promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial chain supply chain, give play to the advantages of complete industrial system and strong supporting ability, efficiently gather innovative elements, and lay a solid material and technological foundation for high-quality development.
Do the best and strengthen the real economy.
The basic principles of Marxist political economy tell us that the production of material resources is the basis of human survival and development. Human beings must first meet the basic survival needs such as food, clothing and shelter, and then engage in other activities such as politics, science and art. The real economy focuses on material production activities, directly creates material wealth and provides material guarantee for meeting people’s material and spiritual needs. The real economy is the foundation of a country’s economy and the source of wealth. We should persist in focusing on the real economy, make it better and stronger, and enhance economic competitiveness, innovation and risk resistance.
Since modern times, scientific and technological progress has fundamentally changed the face of human society. Both the rising history of western developed countries and the catching-up process of developing countries clearly show the supporting role of the real economy, especially the advanced manufacturing industry, in a country’s economic development. On the other hand, if a country’s economy attaches too much importance to and relies on the virtual economy, its economic development will be "divorced from reality", which will easily lead to systemic financial risks and even greater problems, and its development potential will be quickly exhausted.
The real economy is the lifeblood of our economy. After the founding of New China, our Party United and led the people to carry out the socialist revolution, established the basic socialist system, and established an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China’s industrialization level has been greatly improved, becoming the only country in the world with all industrial categories listed in the United Nations industrial classification. The added value of manufacturing industry has been ranked first in the world for many years, and the output of more than 220 industrial products ranks first in the world, and the output of major agricultural products ranks first in the world. The achievement of these historic achievements is the result of our country attaching great importance to the development of the real economy. No matter to what extent the economy develops, the real economy is the capital for China’s development and the foundation for winning the initiative in international economic competition.
China’s economy has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and its development has many advantages and conditions, but there is still a certain gap compared with the requirements of high-quality development. Many areas of economic development are large but not strong, and large but not excellent. It is an inevitable requirement to build a new development pattern to strengthen the real economy and improve the quality and efficiency of the development of the real economy, which is conducive to enhancing the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic big cycle. We must persist in making the real economy stronger and better, build a modern industrial system with integrity, advancement and safety, and improve the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain supply chain. It is necessary to anchor the goal, profoundly grasp the stage characteristics of China’s development and the development trend of the world economy, grasp the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries on the one hand, and the development and growth of strategic emerging industries on the other hand, and promote the accelerated development of the manufacturing industry to digitalization, networking and intelligence, thus providing important support for building strategic advantages for future development.
Continue to strengthen the main position of the domestic big cycle.
Under the condition of market economy, the balance between supply and demand is a necessary condition for the smooth development of social reproduction. Meeting people’s needs is the fundamental purpose of socialist production, which fundamentally determines the balance and unity of supply and demand, and also puts forward requirements for the balanced proportion of social reproduction and the smooth connection of internal circulation system. Only by adhering to the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand, making efforts to improve the adaptability of the supply system to domestic demand, and forming a higher level dynamic balance between demand pulling supply and supply creating demand, can a virtuous circle of the national economy be realized.
After the founding of New China, our party led the people to be independent and self-reliant, based on domestic development of production, increased supply, and constantly improved people’s material living standards. In the face of the international financial crisis in 2008, we took expanding domestic demand as the basic foothold to maintain stable and rapid economic development, and promoted the transformation of economic development to domestic demand, and the role of domestic circulation in China’s economy began to rise significantly. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, based on the development and changes at home and abroad, the CPC Central Committee has proposed to organically combine the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with deepening structural reform on the supply side, constantly improve the relationship between supply and demand, build a unified national market, make development more dependent on domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and ensure the smooth operation of the national economy by building a strong internal circulation system and a stable basic disk.
With the change of the international environment, the kinetic energy of the international big cycle with the market and resources "both outside" has obviously weakened, and the vitality of the domestic big cycle has become increasingly strong. In the coming period, the characteristics of China’s domestic market leading the economic cycle will be more obvious, and the domestic demand potential of economic growth will be continuously released. Building a new development pattern is a conscious grasp of China’s objective economic laws and development trends, and a strategic choice to keep pace with the times and improve China’s economic development level. In order to ensure the unimpeded economic cycle and promote the combination of various production factors to achieve organic connection and circular circulation in all aspects of production, distribution, circulation and consumption, we must persist in putting the development of the country and the nation on the basis of our own strength, improve the toughness and safety level of the supply chain of the industrial chain, accelerate the filling of shortcomings and weaknesses in a targeted manner, ensure the smooth circulation of the national economy, continuously improve the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic big cycle, improve international competitiveness, enhance the attraction and impetus to the international cycle, and firmly grasp the future development.
Realize the mutual promotion of domestic and international double circulation
Closure leads to backwardness, while openness leads to prosperity. All countries that have successfully realized modernization have achieved sustained economic growth and improved per capita income by giving full play to their comparative advantages and actively participating in the international cycle. Judging from China’s own development experience, since the reform and opening up, we can achieve the miracle of long-term and rapid economic development without actively participating in the international cycle. In 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the concept of building a community of human destiny, and creatively put forward the "One Belt, One Road" initiative, which contributed to the "China Program" for promoting high-level opening up and actively participating in the international cycle. The "One Belt, One Road" initiative has been widely recognized by the international community. More than 150 countries and more than 30 international organizations have signed the "One Belt, One Road" cooperation documents, more than 20 multilateral cooperation platforms in professional fields have been established one after another, and a large number of landmark projects and "small but beautiful" projects benefiting people’s livelihood have taken root, bringing together the greatest common denominator of common development of mankind.
The achievements of building the "Belt and Road" fully show that the domestic grand cycle and the domestic and international dual cycle are a unity, and the internal and external demand markets themselves are interdependent and mutually reinforcing. On the one hand, giving full play to China’s super-large-scale market advantage will provide broader market opportunities for all countries in the world. On the other hand, China’s economy has been deeply integrated into the world economy, and its industrial correlation and interdependence with many countries around the world are relatively high. Actively participating in international circulation is conducive to promoting China’s scientific and technological innovation and industrial upgrading, improving the efficiency and level of domestic circulation, and enhancing China’s new advantages in international cooperation and competition.
At present, peace and development are still the theme of the times, and economic globalization is an irreversible historical trend. Only by actively opening up can countries obtain the necessary funds, technology, resources, markets and talents for their own development, and they can obtain a steady stream of new power, vitality and space. To build a new development pattern, we must promote high-level opening to the outside world, attract global resource elements through domestic circulation, improve the ability to allocate resources globally, and strive for strategic initiative in open development. It is necessary to build a new open economic system at a higher level and steadily expand institutional openness such as rules, regulations, management and standards. Accelerate the formation of an all-round, multi-level and diversified pattern of open cooperation, promote the deep, practical and high-quality development of the "Belt and Road", implement a wider range, a wider field and a deeper level of opening up, and promote economic globalization in a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction.
(This article Source: Wang Shengsheng, the author of Economic Daily, is the executive vice president and professor of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Institute of Thought, the supreme leader of Nankai University)
