分类归档 zudao

　　Cctv news: America is going to retreat from the group again! This time, it is a treaty called "Open Skies". What is the Open Skies Treaty? Why did the United States retreat? Why did the American media say that this is a big gift for Russia?

　　US media: Trump has signed a document to withdraw from the Open Skies Treaty.

　　On the 27th local time, The Wall Street Journal quoted American officials as saying that the Trump administration was starting to withdraw from the Open Skies Treaty, which had existed for nearly 30 years, and the President himself had signed a document of intent to withdraw from the treaty. The US media believes that Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty has failed at present, the prospect of the Treaty on Strategic Offensive Reductions between the United States and Russia is uncertain, and the arms control system after the Cold War has suffered a serious impact, which will be made worse by withdrawing from the Open Skies Treaty.

　　The concept of "open sky" was first born in the Cold War to dispel the fear of surprise attack.

　　Question 1: What is the Open Skies Treaty?

　　The so-called "open sky" concept can be traced back to the early Cold War: in order to save the US-Soviet camp from fear and surprise attack from the other side, then US President Eisenhower formally proposed in 1955 to allow the other side’s reconnaissance plane to fly in its own airspace.

　　At that time, US President EisenhowerWhat we want to do next is to alleviate the strong fear of possible surprise attack. Therefore, the United States and its allies propose that (the Soviet Union) can conduct reconnaissance on all North American areas north of the Rio Grande (the border between the United States and Mexico), including all European areas. In exchange, we also have the right to conduct reconnaissance on the Soviet Union.

　　"Open skies" planes can’t be armed. Russian military planes flew over Washington at low altitude.

　　However, the proposal of "open skies" failed to come true in the following decades; It was not until the late Cold War that Bush revived this idea during his term of office, trying to establish mutual trust between NATO and the Warsaw Pact countries at that time. In March 1992, the Treaty on Open Skies was signed in Helsinki, Finland, and came into force in 2002. At present, the Treaty has 34 member countries, including Canada and many European countries besides the United States and Russia.

　　According to the Open Skies Treaty, any member country can propose to another member country to send a reconnaissance plane to the airspace of the other country to carry out reconnaissance activities, provided that the application must be submitted 72 hours before the operation and the specific flight route must be submitted 24 hours before the operation, and the military personnel of the reconnaissance country must accompany the plane. Of course, the most important point is that the reconnaissance plane carrying out the open sky mission can only carry reconnaissance equipment and cannot carry any offensive weapons.

　　Because the relevant coordination work is carried out in secret, the open sky mission has caused a sensation several times over the years.

　　Host of CNN.Today, an unarmed Russian Air Force plane flew low over several important landmarks in the Washington area, including the Capitol, the Pentagon’s CIA headquarters in Virginia, and the Andrews base where the presidential plane "Air Force One" is located.

　　Russian reconnaissance plane flew over the mysterious area 51 this year.

　　According to US media reports, in August 2017, the Russian reconnaissance plane carrying out the open sky mission not only flew over Washington at low altitude, but also flew over the resort of the President of the United States — — Camp David and Trump’s private manor.

　　American CBS Channel 13 reporter (April 2019)A Russian plane flew over some of the most sensitive military facilities in the United States. Even American commercial planes were banned from flying over these places, but the Russian plane’s mission from northern California came with a peaceful purpose.

　　In April, 2019, another Russian reconnaissance plane flew over several strategic locations on the west coast of the United States, including vandenberg air force base, which was responsible for the US land-based intercontinental ballistic missile test, and the mysterious Area 51.

　　The second question: Why did the Trump administration withdraw from the contract?

　　One reason for the withdrawal of the United States: satellite performance improvement no longer requires reconnaissance aircraft.

　　Judging from the comprehensive reports of the US media, there is no consensus within the US government on whether to withdraw from the open skies treaty: there are three main reasons why hardline conservatives insist on withdrawing:

　　First of all, the "quitters" believe that with the continuous improvement of reconnaissance satellite technology, the United States no longer needs to send reconnaissance planes to obtain relevant information about Russian military facilities, and the funds, manpower and material resources invested should be used for other military projects with higher priority.

　　Expert Du WenlongThe treaty only has strategic communication value, and its military value is almost zero. You can’t see what you want to see, and you can’t see what you don’t want to see. The second reason for the withdrawal of the United States: Russia "sets limits" for US military reconnaissance flights.

　　Secondly, the United States accused Russia of repeatedly setting restrictions on the mission of the US reconnaissance plane: for example, the altitude and distance of American planes flying over Kaliningrad, a strategic place in Russia, were once restricted by Russia. However, according to the explanation given by the Russian Ministry of Defense, the reason why Russia did this was because there was a special plane of Russian leaders flying nearby at that time, and the restrictions were completely reasonable.

　　The third reason for the withdrawal of the United States: the Russian army upgraded its equipment to collect military intelligence "has the upper hand."

　　In addition, Russia’s new reconnaissance plane in recent years is also a major factor in the United States’ intention to withdraw from the contract.

　　Russian Red Star TV reporterThe Tu -214ON aircraft is the most advanced aircraft in the open sky mission at present. It is an aircraft that makes some people jealous, admired and puzzled. This aircraft is equipped with completely Russian-made systems: domestic cameras, domestic lenses and domestic computers.

　　The Tu -214ON reconnaissance plane has a range of 6,500 kilometers and a top speed of 850 kilometers per hour. The plane can fly at high altitude and low altitude, with a crew of 5 people. The plane is equipped with several sets of reconnaissance equipment, including infrared observation equipment, aerial camera, TV camera, vertical camera and remote camera, and also equipped with side-looking radar with a scanning range of 50 kilometers.

　　The "quitters" within the U.S. government believe that the United States has been using the relatively old OC-135B aircraft to perform the open sky mission for many years — — The lead in equipment gave Russia the upper hand in collecting American military intelligence.

　　Expert Du Wenlong:America’s "superior skill" belittles itself in order to find an excuse for withdrawing from the contract. The US media: withdrawing from the contract is equivalent to "giving a big gift to Putin".

　　Question 3: What impact will the withdrawal bring?

　　The New York Times recently wrote in an editorial, "The Open Skies Treaty has given the United States a pair of eyes over Russia, but now Trump wants to give up." Some members of Congress even described that withdrawing from the Open Skies Treaty would be a great gift from the United States to Putin.

　　Expert Du Wenlong: Cut off important strategic communication channels, undermine strategic mutual trust between the United States and Russia, and the United States will take other measures to contain Russia after withdrawing from the treaty.

Special topic: unity is strength, freezing disaster prevention

　　Xinhuanet Changsha, February 8 (Reporter Tan Jian, Ding Wenjie) The north wind roared and snowflakes danced. A rare ice and snow disaster in history froze three Hunan and four waters.

　　More than 20 days of violent storms have caused the Beijing-Guangzhou railway line to be interrupted, the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, the north-south artery, has been paralyzed, more than 30,000 vehicles and more than 80,000 people have been forced to stay, the whole cities of Chenzhou and Hengyang have been cut off from electricity and water, and Hunan’s main power grid is in jeopardy!

　　At present, the most urgent task is "access, power conservation and safety". For this common goal, the cadres and the masses in Hunan Province mobilized urgently, and the four provinces of Hunan, Guangdong, Jiangxi and Guangxi joined hands to help each other. After the full efforts of the broad masses of soldiers and civilians, the ice melted, the snow melted, the roads opened and the electricity came …

　　Great rescue: ice and snow are ruthless and people are affectionate.

　　The sudden freezing disaster blocked the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, the north-south artery of our country. More than 30,000 vehicles lined up for more than 190 kilometers, and more than 80,000 drivers and passengers were trapped. Countless children, women and the elderly are trapped. In the world of ice and snow, their fate touches everyone’s heart.

　　On January 25, the disaster was urgent. Zhang Chunxian, secretary of the Hunan Provincial Party Committee, and Zhou Qiang, governor of Hunan Province, held a meeting overnight to rescue people trapped in vehicles. Hunan province ordered the government along the highway to organize armed police, reserve troops and cadres to provide food, boiled water and blankets to the stranded people free of charge, and to transfer the old, weak, sick and disabled people to the nearest towns.

　　While rescuing passengers, police cars in Hunan Province cleared the way, guiding traffic icebreakers to break ice and snow, and getting through the southbound passage as soon as possible to guide trapped passengers. Tens of thousands of traffic police in the province are on the road to divert vehicles. From January 14th to 30th, Hunan Expressway invested 40,000 person-times, 3,496 vehicles, 917 construction equipment, more than 440,000 sacks and straw bags, and more than 6,000 tons of salt and gravel to make the stranded vehicles move forward as soon as possible.

　　The paralyzed Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway has become a "parking lot" spreading for hundreds of kilometers. Some passengers have been trapped for days without eating. Many children and old people who went south to Guangdong to reunite with their families for the New Year are very tired, and they have been trapped for days, making some people sick.

　　Special period, special power. The ice and snow froze the way home, awakening the love of the whole society. Inspired by the special spirit of the special period, the whole society took action and extended a helping hand to the trapped drivers and passengers in its own way. On the frozen highway, party committees and governments at all levels, as well as road administration departments, traffic police and news media, have become the hopes of the trapped people in the cold winter. Calls for help have come like snowflakes, and touching stories of saving lives and solving problems are staged every day.

　　Some people in Hunan sent hot lunch boxes and boiled water. A group of strangers organized a "Red Palm Rescue Meeting" through the Internet, and collected a group of quilts, hats, gloves, blankets, food, medicines and other materials urgently needed by the trapped people. They rented a car and rushed to the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway to distribute them to the trapped people overnight.

　　Due to the long-term detention, the drivers and passengers’ mobile phones have long been dead, and they have lost contact with their families. These netizens asked the passengers to write down their messages and home phone numbers, and after returning, they called home for the trapped people to report their safety.

　　Their actions have been supported by netizens all over the country, and more and more materials have been donated and transported to the disaster areas. A netizen wrote: "The coldness and suspicion between people face to face are melted by sincerity and kindness here. I burst into tears again and again. There is always a warm place in this cold. "

　　Great diversion: the way to get through life

　　If the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway is the north-south traffic artery in China, then the Hunan section is the "heart" of this artery. The Hunan section of Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, with a total length of 532 kilometers, runs through the north and south and connects the east and west, and is the hub of material transportation in North China, Central China, South China and Southwest China. Once something goes wrong with this north-south artery, it will affect the normal operation of the national traffic.

　　It is understood that the traffic volume of Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway is designed according to 22,500-28,400 standard cars per day, but the traffic volume has been increasing at an average annual rate of 20% since its completion. The freezing rain and snow for more than 10 days in a row has made the already burdened Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway face the danger of paralysis.

　　On January 28th, in Hengyang section, the most congested section of Hunan section of Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, the long queue stretched for tens of kilometers. Although there were traffic police along the line to maintain traffic order, the vehicles were still "crawling". At this time, a new round of snow and ice weather is coming. In this case, it is obviously impossible to get through the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway in a short time.

　　In order to evacuate the crowded traffic as soon as possible, it is imperative to open up a "second passage". On the 28th, Zhang Chunxian, the former secretary of Hunan Provincial Party Committee and Minister of Communications, contacted the main leaders of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Party Committee and government, and decided to join hands with the two provinces to divert the vehicles stranded in the south of Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway to enter the western part of Guangdong via Hengzao Expressway and Quanzhou Bypass in Guangxi.

　　In order to solve the worries of drivers and passengers, Hunan and Guangxi provinces announced that they would implement the "four noes policy" of no fine, no unloading, no inspection and no charge for vehicles taking the "second passage", and at the same time, Hunan Province would subsidize 200 yuan fuel fee for each vehicle and distribute the "diversion road map" to every driver and passenger.

　　At the interchange of Hongshi, Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, a large-scale propaganda slogan that reads "Go to Hengzao, go home early" was passed by large vehicles in an orderly manner. In order to keep the "second passage" unblocked, Hunan Province has almost gathered the strength of the whole province. Zhang Chunxian, secretary of the provincial party committee, and Zhou Qiang, governor, visited Hongshi Interchange Line to persuade the stranded vehicles to be diverted as soon as possible. Each stranded vehicle received a schematic diagram marked with a specific route. All counties and cities along the line have also mobilized, and hundreds of thousands of cadres and masses have been sweeping snow and deicing along the road day and night to ensure the smooth flow of this "lifeline".

　　After the "second passage" was successfully opened, the Hunan section of Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway was basically connected, but new problems emerged. As all the border crossings between Hubei and Hunan were opened, the number of vehicles going south along the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway suddenly increased, and the once-unblocked Linchang section of the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway once again experienced heavy traffic detention.

　　On February 1, the Hunan section of Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway was once again tight. In order to further reduce the pressure on the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, Hunan Province and Jiangxi Province urgently negotiated to continue to organize and implement the diversion of Hengzao Expressway and National Highway 107, and quickly opened up a "third passage" for southbound vehicles, that is, entering Jiangxi through the Taotan Expressway in Hunan Province and diverting vehicles and personnel to Meizhou, Huizhou, Shenzhen and Dongguan in eastern Guangdong. For vehicles passing through Jiangxi, the "four noes policy" of no fines, no unloading, no inspection and no charges is also implemented. At this point, the Hunan section of Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway has formed a cross-provincial exchange of "one line, two wings and time-sharing segmentation".

　　According to the reporter’s understanding, due to the timely implementation of diversion, from January 29 to 12: 00 on February 3, the number of vehicles diverted to Guangxi by Hengzao Expressway has reached 19,000; More than 30,000 vehicles diverted to Guangdong via National Highway 107; The "third passage" opened in the early morning of February 2 diverted about 3,000 vehicles that day, greatly reducing the pressure on the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway.

　　In the Nanling section of Chenzhou, Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, after nearly 10 arduous ice-breaking battles day and night, on February 4, Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway finally achieved a full-line connection.

　　According to incomplete statistics, in this battle, more than 300,000 cadres and workers in Hunan Province took to the road and organized 60,000 deicing machines. More than 82,000 troops stationed in Hunan, armed police, fire and reserve officers and soldiers have been dispatched to fight day and night, breaking more than 500 kilometers of ice and urgently transporting more than 500 tons of various materials.

　　On November 20, 2021, the reporter learned from the people’s government of Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province that according to the forecast of Shuangyashan Meteorological Bureau, it is expected that there will be large-scale snowstorms, strong winds and cooling weather in Shuangyashan City from November 21 to 23, with heavy snowstorms in the central and western regions and heavy snowstorms in the local area. Emergency headquarters, a meteorological disaster in Shuangyashan City, decided to start the level II emergency response of meteorological disaster (blizzard) in Shuangyashan City at 9: 00 on November 20th. In order to do our best to prevent major meteorological disasters and ensure the safety of people’s lives and property, the relevant requirements during the level II response period are hereby notified as follows:

　　First, the meteorological department should encrypt weather observation, consultation and judgment, and provide high-quality meteorological services for public travel and transportation safety.

　　2. All construction sites in Shuangyashan will stop production and stop work, and all kinds of tourist attractions will be temporarily closed.

　　Three, all kinds of road freight transport vehicles need to suspend travel without emergency.

　　Four, Shuangyashan city primary and secondary schools (colleges) to online teaching, kindergartens, education and training institutions, etc. will be closed.

　　Five, the public security traffic control department should take necessary traffic control measures in time according to the development of meteorological disasters to ensure the normal operation of the city.

　　Six, urban management and sanitation departments at all levels should take snow as the order, do a good job in the organization and scheduling of snow removal machinery, sanitation personnel and snow melting materials, and do their best to clear snow and deice to ensure smooth and safe road traffic.

　　Seven, water supply, power supply, gas supply, heating and other public utilities, to strengthen operational security, timely repair of faults, to ensure adequate supply of water, electricity and heating, and do their best to keep the bottom line of people’s livelihood.

　　Eight, agricultural and rural departments should organize the necessary protective measures for crops, animal husbandry and aquaculture.

　　Nine, the health department should take measures to ensure the normal development of medical and health services, and organize the medical treatment of the wounded and health and disease prevention work.

　　Ten, in addition to the urgent needs of production and life, please the general public not to go out unless necessary to avoid casualties and property losses caused by rain and snow.

　　Longmei Shuangyashan Mining Co., Ltd., Shuangyashan Forestry Bureau Co., Ltd. and Hongxing Branch of Beidahuang Agricultural Reclamation Group Co., Ltd. shall do a good job in emergency response to meteorological disasters with reference to the relevant requirements of this notice.

　　CCTV News:According to Weibo, the emergency management in Jiangxi Province, since June 12th, there has been a heavy rainfall process from north to south in our province, which has the characteristics of wide range, strong intensity, large accumulated rainfall and supersaturated soil. Especially from 7: 00 on the 13th to 7: 00 on the 14th, the precipitation was mainly concentrated in Ganzhou City, with heavy rains in most areas and some heavy rains. There were 242 stations in 14 counties (cities, districts) and 526 stations in 20 counties (cities, districts) in the province, with 294mm at Maoshan Forest Farm in quannan county, Ganzhou, and 267.3mm at Zhaokeng Village in quannan county. There are 102 stations in 11 counties (cities, districts), and the precipitation in one hour exceeds 30mm, with the maximum of 66.2mm at Huangni Meteorological Station in Xinfeng County, Ganzhou. Longnan, Quannan, Dingnan, Huichang, Ruijin, Xinfeng, Yudu and other places suffered serious disasters, local waterlogging was serious, some villages experienced flash floods and landslides, a large number of houses and shops were flooded, vehicles were flooded, some roads, communications, electricity and other infrastructure were washed away, and a large number of crops were flooded, which reduced production and failed to harvest.

　　On the morning of June 14th, the Provincial Emergency Management Department and the Provincial Department of Finance sent a joint working group to Longnan, Quannan and Dingnan to investigate the nuclear disaster and guide the disaster reporting, personnel transfer and life assistance. According to the development of the disaster, in view of the severe flood disaster in Ganzhou City, according to the provisions of the Emergency Plan for Natural Disaster Relief in Jiangxi Province, the Provincial Disaster Reduction Committee and the Provincial Emergency Management Department urgently launched the provincial level III emergency response at 14: 00 on June 14, and quickly allocated a batch of relief materials to support the disaster-stricken areas to do a good job in the transfer and resettlement of the affected people and disaster relief. Earlier, the Provincial Defense Index and the Provincial Disaster Reduction Committee started the flood control and disaster relief early warning response at 14: 00 on June 10.

　　In response to this round of heavy rainfall, Ganzhou City upgraded its emergency response to level III at 20: 00 on the 13th. Nankang District, Dayu County, Yudu County, Anyuan County, Shicheng County, Ningdu County and Xunwu County of Ganzhou City, Guangfeng District, Economic Development Zone and Hengfeng County of Shangrao City, wanan county, Taihe County and suichuan county of Ji ‘an City, Dongxiang District, Linchuan District, East New District, Guangchang County, Zixi County, Lean County, lichuan county, Nancheng County and of Fuzhou City. Longnan City, quannan county City and Huichang County started flood control level III emergency response. Areas with heavy rainfall will organize rescue forces at the first time, do a good job of mass transfer in dangerous areas, allocate and distribute relief materials such as food and clothing at the first time, and properly ensure the basic living of the affected people. At present, the flood control and disaster relief work in the province is being carried out in an all-round and orderly manner.

The exposition of nuclear power in the 13th Five-Year Plan has laid the foundation for the development of the industry in the next five years, and generally pointed out the trend of nuclear power in China in terms of technology selection, regional layout and nuclear fuel cycle. If the 11th Five-Year Plan and the 12th Five-Year Plan are compared vertically, the change of energy policy orientation will be more obvious.

First of all, from the three plans to explain the order of different energy categories:

The 11th Five-Year Plan:① Development and utilization of coal-② Coal-fired power generation.(3) water and electricity—④ Nuclear power④ Oil and gas development ⑤ Wind energy, biomass energy, solar energy, geothermal energy and ocean energy.

The 12th Five-Year Plan:① Coal development and utilization② Oil and gas development—③ Coal-electricity(4) water and electricity—⑤ Nuclear power⑥ Wind power, solar energy, biomass energy and geothermal energy, etc.

The 13th Five-Year Plan: ① Hydropower-② Wind power, photovoltaic, photothermal-③ Nuclear power-④ Biomass energy, geothermal energy and tidal energy-⑤ Coal development and utilization—⑥ Coal and electricity-⑦ Oil and gas development-⑧ Upgrade of refined oil.

Obviously, the status and role of coal-fired power have changed the most, and with the reduction of power generation cost brought by technological progress, the status of wind power and solar energy has increased significantly. In addition to the industry’s own factors, this is closely related to the background of power supply and demand in China. In the era of power shortage, the demand for power supply has priority over the demand for energy cleanliness. With the deterioration of the environment and the slowdown of electricity consumption, the external environmental cost of traditional energy sources has been paid attention to, and the energy structure is inclined to clean and low carbon.

It can be seen that the ranking of nuclear power has been relatively stable. In China’s energy structure adjustment, nuclear power has always been highly anticipated. Let’s look at the current development of the industry: Xu Dazhe, director of China’s National Atomic Energy Agency, said on January 27th that up to now, there are 30 nuclear power units in operation in Chinese mainland with a total installed capacity of 28.31 million kilowatts, and 24 nuclear power units under construction with a total installed capacity of 26.72 million kilowatts. Among them, the number of nuclear power units under construction ranks first in the world, and the total number of units under construction and in operation ranks third in the world. In 2015, nuclear power generation accounted for about 3.01% of the national power generation.

Let’s look at the specific elaboration of nuclear power in the three plans, and we can clearly see the changes of nuclear power development plans:

The 11th Five-Year Plan:Actively promote nuclear power construction.Focus on the construction of million kilowatt nuclear power plants, and gradually realize the design, manufacture, construction and operation autonomy of advanced pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants. Strengthen the exploration, exploitation and processing technology transformation of nuclear fuel resources, as well as the development of key nuclear power technologies and the training of nuclear power talents.

The 12th Five-Year Plan:Develop nuclear power efficiently on the basis of ensuring safety.; Focus on developing nuclear power in the eastern coastal areas and parts of central China; (mentioned in the key points of energy construction)Accelerate the development of nuclear power in coastal provinces and steadily promote the construction of nuclear power in central provincesConstruction of 40 million kilowatts of nuclear power started.

The 13th Five-Year Plan:Focus on coastal nuclear power belt, safe construction of independent nuclear power demonstration projects and projects; (mentioned in major energy development projects) Sanmen and Haiyang AP1000 projects have been completed. Construction of "Hualong No.1" demonstration projects in Fuqing, Fujian and Fangchenggang, Guangxi. Construction of Shandong Rongcheng CAP1400 demonstration project started.Start construction of a number of new coastal nuclear power projects.To speed up the construction of Tianwan Nuclear Power Phase III Project.Actively carry out the preliminary work of inland nuclear power projects. Accelerate the demonstration and promote the construction of large-scale commercial reprocessing plants. The installed capacity of nuclear power operation has reached 58 million kilowatts, and it is under construction to reach more than 30 million kilowatts. Strengthen the construction of nuclear fuel security system.

This shows that:

1. From the technical route, AP/CAP and Hualong-1 will walk on two legs.

AP1000 is a third-generation nuclear power technology of million kilowatt pressurized water reactor imported by China from Westinghouse, while CAP1400 is a third-generation nuclear power technology with independent intellectual property rights and higher power, which was innovated by China on the basis of digesting, absorbing and fully mastering the passive technology of AP1000. The AP1000 self-reliance projects are located in Sanmen, Zhejiang and Haiyang, Shandong (the first phase of Sanmen nuclear power project is the first AP1000 nuclear power project in the world). As a follow-up, Sanmen Phase II and Haiyang Phase II will adopt domestic CAP1000 technology and will start construction during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period.

The CAP1400 demonstration project of large-scale advanced PWR nuclear power plant is located in Rongcheng, Shandong Province, and two CAP1400 PWR nuclear power units are planned to be built. The consensus in the industry is that CAP1400 demonstration project is expected to be approved for construction in the near future.

As another branch, Hualong No.1 is a three-generation, million-kilowatt-class pressurized water reactor nuclear power model jointly developed by China National Nuclear Corporation and China Guangdong Nuclear Power Corporation on the basis of more than 30 years’ experience in nuclear power research, design, manufacture, construction and operation in China, fully drawing on the advanced concepts of international three-generation nuclear power technology and drawing on the experience feedback from Fukushima nuclear accident. At present, Hualong No.1 demonstration project is being promoted in Fuqing, Fujian and Fangchenggang, Guangxi.

CAP series was born out of American technology, while Hualong was based on M310 nuclear power technology imported from France that China had mastered before. It can be seen that the third generation nuclear power will replace the second generation plus and become the mainstream route of nuclear power development in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", and the nuclear power technology independently designed by China will play an absolute leading role in it. Tianwan Phase III mentioned in the plan is regarded as the swan song of the second generation plus technology.

2.As far as the site selection of nuclear power plants is concerned,The adjustment of the planning statement means that it is unlikely that some provinces in central China will start nuclear power projects during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, and the coastal areas will remain the focus of development. The statement about inland means that some inland nuclear power projects may face a "preliminary work stage" of more than ten years.

Take the taohuajiang nuclear power project in Hunan Province as an example. Since 2008, the project has invested a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources. With the outbreak of the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011, the preparatory work has come to a standstill. Since then, China has suspended nuclear power approval, and the personnel and equipment of the taohuajiang project have also been diverted to the coastal projects within CNNC.

During the two sessions this year, Zheng Yanguo, general manager of Hunan taohuajiang Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., said that the project has completed a total investment of 4.29 billion yuan in fixed assets, which is fully qualified for construction.

Due to the huge investment in nuclear power plants, it is necessary to borrow from banks. Previously, it was publicly reported that the interest paid by the taohuajiang project was more than two billion yuan each year. Once shutdown, nuclear power enterprises have to bear huge financial costs. The project has not been opened, but this part of the loan cost will not stop rolling.

3. The installed capacity of nuclear power operation has reached 58 million kilowatts, and it has reached more than 30 million kilowatts under construction. This is the goal set in the long-term development plan of nuclear power earlier. It is worth noting that during the two sessions,Nur Bai Keli, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission and director of the National Energy Administration, once said that the current coastal nuclear power sites are sufficient to ensure the realization of nuclear power development goals during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. For the inland, "the argument is still going on" and "there is no timetable at present".

4. For China, where nuclear power development has entered the fast lane, spent fuel reprocessing is an extremely critical link in the nuclear fuel cycle, no matter from the perspective of improving the utilization rate of uranium resources, ensuring the long-term development of nuclear energy or reducing nuclear waste. At present, China’s spent fuel reprocessing has taken a "two-legged" approach of independent development and Sino-French cooperation.

　　The 23rd of this newspaper (reporter Li Guoyu) held a conference on propaganda, ideological and cultural work in Harbin on the 23rd to thoroughly study and implement the cultural thought of the Supreme Leader, comprehensively implement the spirit of the important instructions of the important speech made by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader during his inspection in our province, conscientiously implement the spirit of the national conference on propaganda, ideological and cultural work, and emphasize the need to strengthen cultural self-confidence, uphold openness and tolerance, persist in being upright and innovative, promote the high-quality development of propaganda and cultural undertakings in the whole province, and provide strong ideological guarantee, strong spiritual strength and favorable cultural conditions for the practice of Chinese modernization in Longjiang.

　　Xu Qin, secretary of the Provincial Party Committee and director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, attended the meeting and delivered a speech. He Liangjun, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department, presided over the meeting and made a concluding speech. Provincial leaders Zhang Anshun, Liu Hui, Andy, Xu Jianguo, Wang Yixin, Yang Bo, Yu Hongtao and Wang Hesheng attended the meeting.

　　After conveying the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on propaganda and ideological and cultural work, Xu Qin pointed out that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has attached great importance to propaganda and ideological and cultural work, emphasizing that propaganda and ideological and cultural work is an extremely important work, which is related to the future and destiny of the party, the long-term stability of the country and the national cohesion and centripetal force. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly summed up historical experience, gained insight into the development trend of the times, raised the flag, planned the layout of articles, thoroughly cleaned up the source, kept the integrity and innovated, made a series of major decision-making arrangements, creatively put forward a series of new ideas, new ideas and new conclusions with China characteristics, embodied the spirit of the times and led the development of human civilization, created the cultural thought of the Supreme Leader, enriched and developed Marxist cultural theory, guided China’s propaganda and ideological and cultural work to achieve historic achievements in the new era and new journey. We should deeply understand the distinctive theoretical character, rich ideological connotation and practical requirements of leading the times of the supreme leader’s cultural thought, accurately grasp the world outlook and methodology contained therein, adhere to the fundamental requirements of "two combinations", strive to write the Longjiang chapter of modern Chinese civilization, firmly support "two establishment" and resolutely achieve "two maintenance" with practical actions.

　　Xu Qin emphasized that in recent years, the propaganda, ideological and cultural front of the whole province has adhered to the correct political direction, focused on the center and served the overall situation, condensed the "Longjiang power" internally and displayed the "Longjiang image" externally, and achieved new progress and new results in all work, which is fundamentally due to the leadership of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the scientific guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era of the Supreme Leader. Facing the new situation and new tasks, propaganda and ideological and cultural work must reflect new achievements and show new atmosphere. We should focus on the primary political task of arming the whole party and educating the people with the Party’s innovative theory, bravely undertake new cultural missions, raise flags, gather people’s hearts, cultivate new people, promote culture and display image, and comprehensively promote the high-quality development of propaganda, ideological and cultural work in Longjiang. We should strengthen the ideological and theoretical armed forces, persistently use the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era to forge a soul, thoroughly study and implement the important instructions of the important speech made by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader during his inspection in our province, strengthen the research and interpretation of physics and chemistry, do a good job in popular propaganda and popularization, lead the whole society to unify their thinking and loyal practice, and promote the party’s innovative theory to take root in Longjiang. It is necessary to strengthen the mainstream public opinion propaganda, consolidate and expand the mainstream ideological public opinion in the new era of forging ahead, carry out in-depth publicity activities on the major theme of "Being in the northernmost part and having a heart to the Party Central Committee", tell the story of Longjiang’s firm political consciousness and active responsibility, show the new face of Longjiang’s self-confidence and high-spirited struggle, and encourage and promote Longjiang’s vivid practice of remembering entrustment and gratitude and forging ahead.Gather powerful forces to revitalize the glory and create brilliance again. It is necessary to strengthen the guidance of core values, extensively cultivate and practice socialist core values, vigorously carry forward the spirit of Northeast Anti-Union, Daqing Spirit (Iron Man Spirit) and Great Northern Wilderness, inherit the red blood, build a civilized practice center in the new era, implement the civic moral construction project, create spiritual civilization in urban and rural areas, further establish spiritual pillars, set value benchmarks and educate new people in the era, and provide strong support for revitalization and development. It is necessary to strengthen the inheritance of cultural protection, strengthen the excavation and protection of historical culture, and promote the inheritance and utilization of intangible cultural heritage, cultural sites, red resources and historical and cultural blocks; Guide literary and art workers to root in the fertile soil of Longjiang culture, reflect the spirit of the times, go deep into the fiery practice at the grassroots level, and create a number of masterpieces that eulogize the party, the era, the motherland and the people; Improve the network of cultural service facilities, improve the level of public cultural services, and constantly enrich the supply of high-quality culture. It is necessary to strengthen the integration of cultural tourism with characteristics, give full play to the advantages of rich cultural tourism resources and diverse types, persist in developing cultural tourism with characteristics, cultivate and expand the creative design industry, organize the ninth Asian Winter Games with high quality, promote the development of the entire industrial chain of the ice and snow economy, strengthen marketing and brand building, and accelerate the transformation of cultural tourism resources with characteristics into practical productivity. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of ideological positions, effectively prevent and resolve risks in the ideological field, strictly implement the responsibility system for ideological work, comprehensively improve the ability to guide and deal with public opinion, take the initiative, fight the initiative, and resolutely defend ideology. "North Gate ".

　　Xu Qin emphasized that in order to strengthen the Party’s overall leadership over propaganda, ideological and cultural work, Party committees (leading groups) at all levels should earnestly shoulder political responsibilities, leading comrades should take the lead in guiding, managing positions and strengthening the ranks, propaganda, ideological and cultural departments at all levels should enhance their awareness of positions, strictly observe political discipline and political rules, and all relevant departments and units in various localities should perform their respective duties and cooperate closely to form a large-scale propaganda work pattern. It is necessary to deepen the construction of ability and style, build a team of professional cadres, incorporate key tasks into the "four systems" closed-loop implementation, ensure solid results, and constantly create a new situation in propaganda and ideological and cultural work in the province.

　　At the meeting, Harbin City, Shuangyashan City, Heihe City, Provincial Department of Education, Heilongjiang Radio and Television Station and Heilongjiang Daily Newspaper Group spoke successively.

　　The meeting was held by video. The main responsible comrades of relevant provincial units, relevant units in Kazakhstan, some provincial universities, provincial large state-owned and state-holding enterprises, the heads of propaganda departments of municipal (prefectural) committees, and the main responsible comrades of the central news unit in the province attended the meeting at the main venue. Each city (prefecture) and county (city, district) shall set up sub-meeting places.

　　One of the most important things for our party to come step by step is to constantly sum up experience, gain enlightenment from history, and extract the magic weapon to defeat the enemy from historical experience. A century of glory, led by the big party, and taken on by the youth. It can be said that the century-old glory of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is a history of discovering and attaching importance to youth, leading and relying on youth, believing and achieving youth, and it is also a glorious century for the younger generation to relay and inherit and help the national rejuvenation with youth.

　　Marx once pointed out: "In the process of changing society, youth is an important driving force". The Communist Party of China (CPC) inherited, enriched and developed the Marxist concept of youth in the course of leading the youth movement for a hundred years, attached great importance to the special position and key role of youth in the development of the cause of the party and the country, and made it clear that "the country is prosperous when young people are prosperous, and the country is strong when young people are strong". He regarded the ideals, beliefs, mental state and comprehensive quality of the younger generation as an important embodiment of the vitality of national development and an important factor of core competitiveness, and always followed the strategy of national prosperity, the cause of the party passed on from generation to generation and the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the youth of the times have always shared the same fate with the nation, forged ahead with the motherland, and kept pace with the times. In the great cause of realizing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the youth has made great strides in generate and triumphed.

　　Youth power opens a new journey for the nation.

　　In 1919, the May 4th Movement broke out. In the face of national peril, young people in China, full of feelings of home and country and revolutionary spirit, stepped forward and gathered under the banner of patriotism, vowing that "the land cannot be ruined, and the people cannot bow their heads", striving to be at the forefront of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal national salvation, playing magnificent songs to defend national dignity, transform old China and explore the road of new China, and opening the ideological emancipation trend of pursuing truth and progress. China’s advanced young intellectuals’ deflagration of youth and their display of bloody responsibility lit up the dark and heavy historical starry sky, and showed the vigorous power of new youth to promote social progress, and the youth movement and youth power have since stepped onto the historical stage. Chen Duxiu attaches great importance to the important role of youth in social development. In the preface of New Youth, he wrote: "Youth is like early spring, like the morning sun, like the germination of a hundred flowers, like the new development of a sharp blade." He believes that the hope of the country "only belongs to fresh and lively youth, and there is a conscious struggle!" Li Dazhao had high hopes for young people. In the inaugural issue of Morning Bell, he wrote that "the country can’t live without young people, and the young people can’t wake up for a day", emphasizing that whether the ancient nation can reproduce "youthful China" depends on how young people consciously listen. Therefore, he called on young people to "take the creation of youthful China as the only mission".

　　After the May 4th Movement, the youth in China discovered their own strength, and the people of China and the Chinese nation discovered the strength of youth. A hundred years ago, more than a dozen young Marxist believers in Shikumen in Shanghai and Red Boat in Nanhu, Jiaxing, as the main force and new force, created an epoch-making event in the history of China, established the the Communist Party of China (CPC), and the voyage of the century-old party set sail in the hands of the youthful young communist party. Since then, the people of China have their own political party to raise the flag and have their own pilots to steer, and the people’s face, the country’s face and the Chinese nation’s face have taken on a new look.

　　Youth relay casts a century-old glory of the great party

　　Since its founding, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always regarded leading the youth as an extremely important task of the Party. In the past hundred years, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always focused his attention on the youth, clearly put forward that winning the youth will win the future, placed ardent expectations on the younger generation, focused on enlightening the wisdom of the youth, inspiring their strength and encouraging them to take responsibility; Always regard youth work as an extremely important work of the party, attach great importance to youth, care for youth, lead youth, be the bosom friend, enthusiastic person and guide of youth, ensure the cause of the party to be passed down from generation to generation and ensure the sustainable development of the Chinese nation; Always warmly encourage and firmly support young people to be pioneers, pioneers and devotees in the great practice of national rejuvenation, and realize their life ideals and lofty aspirations.

　　A hundred years of vicissitudes, young people take responsibility. Generation after generation of young people in China, as the vanguard of ideological change and social development, always taste the "taste of truth" and touch the "true meaning of faith", always uphold the initial intention and mission of seeking happiness for the people, rejuvenation for the nation and great harmony for the world, devote themselves to the great cause of the Chinese nation for a thousand years, bravely stand on the forefront and cut through difficulties in every change of the times, constantly relay with youth and blood, enthusiasm and dedication, and unremittingly promote national self-reliance, self-improvement and dedication. In every major historical event, I have the courage to take responsibility and act, and use my youth to create a youthful China and a youthful nation. At the key points of carrying out great struggles, building great projects, advancing great undertakings and realizing great dreams, we have conquered "Loushanguan" and "Lazikou" one by one, playing the strongest voice of the times, and generate has shown the majestic power of youth and the infinite potential to lead the development of the times. On the journey of rejuvenating China, it has engraved the imprint of China youth’s soaring youth and enterprising pursuit of dreams, and in the history of national rejuvenation, it has recorded the glory of China youth’s continuous struggle and responsibility.

　　In the past 100 years, the youth in China have devoted themselves to the great cause of revolution, construction and reform led by the Party, fought for the people, devoted themselves to the motherland and strived for a happy life, and dedicated their best youth to the motherland and the people, composing magnificent songs of youth. In the revolutionary war years, when the country and the nation were in danger, the vast number of young people were full of revolutionary ideals, stepped forward to save the nation, fought for national independence and people’s liberation, dared to sacrifice, and let the Chinese nation "stand up"; In the period of socialist construction and reform, in the face of poverty and backwardness, the vast number of young people actively responded to the call of the party and the state to "work hard for self-reliance", "blaze new trails and forge ahead" for the country’s prosperity, national rejuvenation and people’s happiness, keep pace with the times on the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, seek truth and be pragmatic, and make the Chinese nation "rich"; Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. Faced with the unprecedented changes in the world in the past century, the vast number of young people have the courage to shoulder the great responsibility of national rejuvenation, play the main theme of the new era with "eternal struggle", strive to practice the entrustment of "making mistakes in the country and rejuvenating the country with hard work", and support the Chinese dream with loyalty and responsibility. In the journey towards national rejuvenation, they have already shouldered the mission of "strengthening the Chinese nation" and created the brightest background of youth.Create a brilliant performance of "when shocking the world".

　　The great cause of national rejuvenation calls for youth to take responsibility

　　The glorious history of the century-old big party is writing a new chapter in connecting the past with the future and opening up the past, and creating new miracles in the relay of youth and continuous struggle. Young people in the new era grew up in the period of rapid improvement of China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength and comprehensive national strength, and lived in an affluent era of rapid economic and social development. They are a generation that truly looks at the world, brimming with self-esteem and self-confidence, demonstrating self-reliance and self-improvement, and demonstrating the majestic power of innovation and creation in national economic development, scientific and technological innovation and social progress. Although the themes of the times are different, the responsibility and responsibility of youth come down in one continuous line.

　　The new era calls for the loyalty and responsibility of young people, and the new mission needs the skills and actions of young people. The journey of strengthening the country in the 14th Five-Year Plan has begun, the blueprint for the great cause of national rejuvenation has been drawn, and it is timely for young people in the new era to struggle. In such a promising and bound era, young people need to cultivate the spiritual realm of "I don’t have to succeed" and the responsibility of "I must succeed", so that the flowers of youth can bloom where the motherland needs them most, overcome difficulties and display their talents in important fields and positions, and plan their lives and achieve themselves in the mission of carrying the "Chinese Dream".

　　A hundred years is not old, but the century is young. The reason why the century-old party has always been full of vigor and high morale through thick and thin is mainly due to a far-sighted nation, which always inspires young people to inject vitality and vitality into their career development. A far-sighted political party always leads young people to forge ahead and create the future. The century-old Party has made great achievements in history by leading young people, and will be full of vitality and eternal youth by relying on young people. This is an important experience and enlightenment of the long-term governance and vivid practice of the century-old Party.

　　(This paper is a phased achievement of the National Social Science Fund’s major project "Research on the Fundamental System of Adhering to the Guiding Position of Marxism in the Ideological Field" (20ZDA017))

　　(The author is a distinguished researcher at Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theoretical System Research Center in Heilongjiang Province and a professor at Marxist College of Northeast Agricultural University.)

　　Empty talk about wrong country, hard work and prosperity. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has made a series of important expositions around paying close attention to implementation, stressing that "we should take implementation as the main way to carry out our work, use our brains, think of ways, come up with real moves and tricks, and earnestly do a good job in all the tasks decided and deployed by the CPC Central Committee." "We should persist in doing practical work and pay close attention to implementation, and all work should be done in a practical way, with practical results, and we should not aim too high, not be divorced from reality, and refrain from it. The Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of last year emphasized: "We must uphold and strengthen the overall leadership of the Party and thoroughly implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on economic work. We must implement it to the letter and ensure that the final effect conforms to the decision-making intention of the CPC Central Committee. We must resolutely implement it and make overall plans to grasp the timeliness and effectiveness. We must be realistic and pragmatic, and resolutely correct formalism and bureaucracy. We must dare to do good deeds, adhere to the correct orientation of employing people, and give full play to the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of leading cadres at all levels. " This fully demonstrates our party’s strong mission and lofty feelings for the people, profoundly embodies the world outlook and methodology of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and points out the direction and provides guidance for us to thoroughly implement the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee on economic work.

　　Deeply understand the significance of paying close attention to implementation

　　One action is better than a dozen programs. Opposing empty talk, emphasizing hard work and paying attention to implementation are the fine traditions of our party. "Implementation" is the connection between knowledge and practice, and the combination of theory and practice. Without implementation, everything is empty talk. "Pay close attention" reflects the attitude and quality of implementation. Grasping but not tight is equal to not grasping; Grasping without reality is equal to grasping for nothing. Pay close attention to implementation, we must have the tenacity to insist that Qingshan will not relax, and work hard until we reach our goal, so as to truly implement all the work and achieve results. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, faced with the complicated international situation and arduous domestic tasks of reform, development and stability, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has stressed the need to "strengthen the implementation skills", achieve one-point deployment and nine-point implementation, grasp the iron, leave a mark on the stone, carry forward the spirit of nailing nails, and accumulate small victories for great victories in order to achieve practical results; Alert the whole party to "not pay attention to implementation, not seriously implement it, and even the best planning and deployment will become castles in the air." In the new era, one of the important reasons why our party can win the tough battle against poverty, build a well-off society in an all-round way, and promote historic achievements and changes in the cause of the party and the state is to grasp the deployment, implementation and supervision in the spirit of nailing nails, and never retreat until we win the victory. Facts have repeatedly proved that if we do a good job of implementation, our cause will be full of vitality; If it is not well implemented, even the best blueprint is just a flower in the mirror and a moon in the water.

　　The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has defined the central task of our party in the new era and new journey, which is to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to build a socialist modernization power in an all-round way, realize the goal of the second century, and comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization. Facing the new situation and new tasks, we must grasp the objectives, tasks, strategic deployment and major measures of the development of the cause of the party and the state in the new era and new journey as a whole, work hard in close connection with the actual situation of our local departments, be pragmatic, make practical moves, seek practical results, be good at doing good things, and resolutely put an end to the practice of slogan, attitude and packaging. For the urgent task, we must immediately say and act, grasp and do it quickly, and we must not be slow and procrastinating; For long-term tasks, we must maintain strategic strength and historical patience, adhere to a blueprint and draw it to the end, dripping water wears away the stone, and work for a long time. It is necessary to strengthen accurate thinking, adhere to the principle of "being broad and meticulous", so as to take the overall situation into account when planning, be meticulous and precise in operation, and do the work solidly and accurately with embroidery skills. As long as we persist in rejuvenating the country and benefiting the people, we will certainly be able to turn the grand blueprint for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way into reality step by step.

　　Fully grasp the basic requirements for implementation.

　　Pay close attention to implementation and must safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Without the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership, and without the unity of thought and the unity of pace of the whole party and the whole country, nothing can be done." "Several Guidelines on the Political Life within the Party under the New Situation" puts forward: "No party organization or any party member is allowed to carry out the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, and it is not allowed to act after the first decision, and it is not allowed to be duplicitous and disobedient." We should firmly establish the idea of a chess game in the whole country, consciously act under the overall situation, adhere to the principle that small things are subordinate to the general principle, local interests are subordinate to the overall interests of the country, persist in calculating big accounts and long-term accounts, and consciously prevent and oppose individualism, decentralism, liberalism and selfish departmentalism, so as to win glory for a domain and add luster to the overall situation. The deployment of work within the scope of functions and powers of departments and localities should be based on the implementation of the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and give full play to enthusiasm, initiative and creativity. However, we must never act in our own way, act in our own way, have orders that cannot be enforced, have prohibitions, and have policies and countermeasures.

　　Pay close attention to the implementation must rely on the people. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Adhering to the people’s dominant position and fully mobilizing the people’s enthusiasm have always been a strong foundation for our party to remain invincible." It is necessary to educate and guide the broad masses of party member cadres to deeply understand the nature and purpose of the Party, insist on doing everything for and relying on the people, always put the people in the highest position in their hearts, and take the people’s yearning for a better life as their goal, so as to promote the fruits of reform and development to benefit all the people more fairly and make more obvious substantive progress in promoting common prosperity. Grasping the most direct and realistic interests of the people, grasping the people who need the most care, doing things one after another, year after year, persevering in moving forward, pushing forward outstanding problems that the people have strongly reflected, continuously enhancing the people’s sense of happiness and security, and condensing more than 1.4 billion China people into a majestic force to promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　To pay close attention to implementation, formalism and bureaucracy must be prevented. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "It is not enough to grasp the implementation, just shout slogans and do nothing. It is not enough to hold meetings and issue documents, but it must be implemented. Grasping implementation is the fundamental requirement of the party’s political line, ideological line and mass line. " To pay close attention to implementation, it is necessary to change the work style, sink more strength and resources to the grassroots, work hard on pragmatic work and seek practical results, and refrain from formalism and bureaucracy. To prevent formalism and bureaucracy, we need to enhance creativity when we pay close attention to implementation. In our country, the imbalance of economic and natural conditions in different regions exists objectively, so we can’t copy it. We should persist in seeking truth from facts, be pragmatic, plan our work from reality, make the policies, measures and plans put forward conform to the actual situation, objective laws and scientific spirit, and implement the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee with creative work. All localities and departments should strengthen coordination, enhance the flexibility, coordination and matching of policy measures, and strive to achieve the maximum policy effect.

　　Pay close attention to implementation and must establish a correct view of political achievements. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the implementation is "also an important symbol to measure the party spirit and political achievements of leading cadres". The majority of party member cadres must follow the requirements of the CPC Central Committee, keep in mind the entrustment of the Party and the people, establish a correct view of political achievements, not only keep pace with the times, be brave in pioneering, but also understand the truth that politics is valuable and constant. Carry forward the spirit of "I don’t have to succeed, I must succeed" and stick to a blueprint to the end. As for the existing deployment and planning, as long as it is scientific, meets the requirements of new practice and meets the wishes of the people, we must persist in doing it one after another. All localities and departments should firmly grasp the strategic position in the overall situation of national development, identify the entry point of service and integration into the new development pattern, persist in doing something and not doing something, take the road of rational division of labor and optimizing development, and better serve and integrate into the new development pattern. Never be divorced from reality, let alone work hard regardless of conditions in order to achieve political achievements.

　　Adhere to the important methods of making good use of and paying close attention to implementation

　　Improve the implementation mechanism of major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We should improve the system of the Party’s leadership that takes the overall situation into consideration and coordinates all parties, improve the implementation mechanism of the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, and ensure that the whole Party maintains a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee in political stance, political direction, political principles and political road, and ensure the unity and unity of the Party." All localities and departments should consciously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee to ensure that the Party takes the overall situation into consideration and coordinates all parties. Party organizations at all levels should implement the relevant responsibilities from people to things, so that everything is managed, watched, promoted and done, and everyone who is responsible for everything should be clear.

　　Leading cadres should set an example first. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The top leader is the key to implementation, and the responsibility should be shouldered". Leading cadres in various regions and departments should not only lead everyone to set a good plate, clear the way, and open the other side, but also personally deploy important tasks, personally check key links, and personally supervise the implementation. They should not be arrogant and vain, and they should not just take the lead and not go out. Leading cadres should strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences" and achieve the "two maintenances" in action, carry forward the style of doing things in a down-to-earth manner, push forward the work in a down-to-earth manner, solve problems resolutely and effectively, and grasp the tasks with great difficulty, wide influence and close relationship with the people with the spirit of nailing.

　　Strengthen investigation and research. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "To do a good job of implementation, we must vigorously investigate and study the wind and know the real situation clearly." "We must rely on in-depth investigation and study to solve problems, rely on pragmatic measures that are close to reality and close to the masses, and rely on one level to promote the work, ensuring that the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee take root." It is necessary to strengthen investigation and study, listen to the voices of the grassroots and the front line as much as possible, and get in touch with first-hand materials as much as possible, so as to be aware of important situations. We should study, put forward countermeasures and actively resolve the new situations and problems encountered in the implementation. We should carry forward the spirit of nailing, find out the situation, find the crux, persevere and implement it in a down-to-earth manner. You can’t walk around when you encounter contradictions and problems, and you will retreat when you encounter difficulties. Instead, you should really work hard to solve problems until the problems are completely solved.

　　Carry out supervision and inspection. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Inspector is an important means to implement" and "supervise and inspect in various forms, guide and help various departments in various regions to decompose tasks and implement responsibilities". It is necessary to strengthen supervision and promote implementation around the overall situation, and follow up on the major decisions made by the CPC Central Committee and the principled requirements put forward by means of establishing rules and regulations, supervision and inspection, and promote the implementation of various work arrangements. It is necessary to focus on the leading bodies and leading cadres at all levels, especially the top leaders, to supervise tasks, progress and effectiveness, to observe understanding, responsibility and style, to fully grasp the outstanding problems that need to be solved in style, to keep abreast of the emerging and tendentious problems in work promotion, and to follow up the implementation. We must do our best to ensure that the checks and supervision are in place. It is necessary to thoroughly rectify formalism and bureaucracy, reduce various and distorted assessments, supervision and inspection, and let grassroots cadres have more energy to do practical things for the masses.

　　Serious accountability and accountability. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "It is necessary to establish an accountability mechanism, and those who fail to implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee must be seriously investigated for responsibility." In reality, there are still some cases in which the Party Central Committee’s decision-making and deployment are not intentional, pragmatic and hard-working, some slogans are loud and loud, and actions are light, and what is said is taken as what is done, which has greatly reduced the effectiveness of the implementation of the Party’s line, principles and policies. In view of these situations, it is necessary to seriously investigate and punish those who violate the rules and regulations, step on the "red line", cross the "bottom line" and rush into the "minefield". No matter where, at any time, and anyone, anyone who needs to be held accountable must be pursued to the end, making the system a rigid constraint and an untouchable high-voltage line.

　　(The author is the former deputy minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 13th (Reporter Kong Xiangxin) The reporter learned from the Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center on the 13th that the department issued the Notice on Adjusting the Individual Housing Loan Policy of the Housing Provident Fund on the 13th. According to the notice, the loan amount of Beijing Provident Fund is linked to the deposit period of the housing provident fund of the borrower. If the deposit period is less than one whole year, the maximum loan amount is 1.2 million yuan.

　　According to the notice, if the loan applicant is married, the loan amount will be calculated by the spouse who has paid for a long time. This policy adjustment has been implemented since September 17, 2018. If the loan application has been submitted or the online signing has been completed before September 17, 2018, it will still be implemented according to the pre-adjustment policy.

　　According to the notice, Beijing Provident Fund implements differentiated loan quotas. Loan applicants (including co-applicants, the same below) whose household registration is in Dongcheng District or Xicheng District, Beijing, can purchase the first home outside Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Chaoyang District, Haidian District, Fengtai District and Shijingshan District (hereinafter referred to as Chengliu District), and the maximum loan amount can rise by 200,000 yuan; For those who do not belong to the former situation, but the household registration of the loan applicant is in the sixth district of the city, the maximum loan amount can be raised by 100,000 yuan when purchasing the first house outside the sixth district of the city; If it does not belong to the above two situations, the first house will be purchased with a maximum loan amount of 1.2 million yuan. In line with the requirements of the second home loan policy, the maximum loan amount is 600,000 yuan.

　　At the same time, the Beijing provident fund loan policy has been upgraded from "only recognizing houses" to "recognizing houses and recognizing loans". As long as there are loan records in the credit information system of the People’s Bank of China, they are all recognized as two sets. According to the notice, if the loan applicant has no housing loan records (including commercial housing loans and housing provident fund personal housing loans) and has no housing in Beijing, it will be handled according to the first home loan policy; Anyone who does not belong to the first suite and is approved as a second suite shall be handled according to the second suite loan policy. If it is approved that there are two or more houses, no loan will be granted.

　　According to the notice, the down payment ratio of provident fund loans has also been adjusted accordingly. Previously, the down payment ratio of provident fund loans was not less than 20%. After the introduction of the new policy, the down payment ratio for the purchase of affordable housing shall not be less than 20%; Purchase the first set of housing for policy housing such as shared property rights, and the down payment ratio shall not be less than 30%; The down payment ratio of the first set of ordinary self-occupied housing other than policy housing is not less than 35%, and the down payment ratio of the first set of non-ordinary self-occupied housing is not less than 40%. For those who purchase ordinary self-occupied houses and are second houses, the down payment ratio shall be no less than 60%; If you buy a second house that is not ordinary, the down payment ratio shall not be less than 80%.

　　It is understood that the identification standards of ordinary self-occupied housing and non-ordinary self-occupied housing are implemented according to the standards of the Notice on Adjusting the Average Transaction Price of Ordinary Housing with Preferential Tax Policies in this Municipality jointly issued by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Beijing Municipal Finance Bureau and the Beijing Municipal Local Taxation Bureau on September 30, 2014. In case of adjustment of the identification standards of ordinary self-occupied housing and non-ordinary self-occupied housing, the adjusted standards shall prevail.