年度归档 2025年6月7日

　　Is it easy to lose weight when frozen? Children with severe heating radiation are prone to leukemia? Exposing the ankle leads to a clever bag?

　　Just after first frost, a wave of cold air hit again. Some "precautions" about winter have also spread. For example, we often hear some old experiences, such as "protecting your head and preventing colds"; Cold can activate brown fat, so wearing less in winter is easy to lose weight; A WeChat article said that heating radiation should be paid attention to in winter, which may lead to leukemia. There is also an article saying that wearing ankle-length pants in winter or getting ovarian chocolate cyst … … Are these rumors really correct?

　　Myth 1: Cold can activate brown fat. Wearing less is easy to lose weight.

　　When the weather is cold, there is less exercise, and it seems more difficult to lose weight. Recently, an article said that the researchers did experiments on mice. After putting obese mice in an environment of 5 degrees Celsius for a week, they lost an average weight of 14%. So there are rumors that cold can make people thin, right?

　　"This statement is not scientific." Ma Jie, director of the Center for Prevention of Diseases of Sichuan Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that under the stimulation of cold, human beings will use two ways to generate heat quickly to maintain their body temperature. One is shivering to produce heat, which is commonly known as "shaking", which provides heat through the contraction of skeletal muscle. The other is non-shivering thermogenesis, also known as metabolic thermogenesis, which is mainly accomplished by lipid decomposition and oxidation in brown adipose tissue.

　　"Although brown fat has the effect of burning fat, it only exists in a large number of babies or small mammals, such as mice. In adults, only a small amount of brown fat remains, mainly in the neck. Therefore, it is unscientific for adults to lose weight by stimulating brown fat with cold. " Ma Jie said.

　　Wang Chunxiang, director of the Nutrition Department of Zhongda Hospital affiliated to Southeast University, said that although it is called "fat", the function of brown fat is more like muscle. It is responsible for decomposing white fat that causes obesity, and converting glucose and white fat into carbon dioxide, water and energy, without storing calories. Brown fat has a high thermal efficiency. A small piece of brown fat can burn a lot of calories, and even white fat stored in other parts of the body can be used as its "fuel".

　　"But brown fat is rarely distributed in the adult body." Wang Chunxiang said, "For adults, brown fat only exists on both sides of the neck, on the upper back, around the clavicle and spine, and around the great blood vessels." In a normal adult’s body, there is about 60 grams of brown fat, and through CT and other imaging comparisons, the distribution of brown fat in obese people is less than that in thin people, and the distribution of brown fat in men is less than that in young women.

　　Myth 2: Severe heating radiation can lead to childhood leukemia.

　　Heating can be said to be the standard in northern winter. Recently, a WeChat article said that severe heating radiation may cause children to suffer from leukemia. Is this statement correct?

　　Ethan, director of hematology department of the Ninth Hospital of Xi ‘an, said: "I have been a doctor for more than 20 years, and I have never met or heard that floor heating causes children to suffer from leukemia in outpatient clinics and academic conferences. At present, the pathogenesis of childhood leukemia is generally recognized as physical factors, chemicals, ionizing radiation, genetic factors and so on. Among them, ionizing radiation includes nuclear radiation, X-rays, etc. It has been medically confirmed that it can cause bone marrow suppression, cause gene mutation, and lead to leukemia, but I have never heard of the statement that floor heating causes leukemia. "

　　Li Jieping, deputy chief physician of the Department of Hematology, Changsha Central Hospital, said that the exact cause of leukemia has not yet been fully clarified. Many factors are thought to be related to the onset of leukemia.

　　"Virus may be the main factor. The leukemia effect of RNA virus on animals such as mice, cats, chickens and cows has been affirmed. Most leukemia caused by this kind of virus belongs to T cell type. The second factor is genetic factors. People with chromosomal aberrations have a higher incidence of leukemia than normal people, as well as congenital aplastic anemia, and the probability of leukemia is much higher. " Li Jieping said that in addition, radiation and radiation are also the main factors. All kinds of ionizing radiation can cause human leukemia. The occurrence of leukemia depends on the dose absorbed by the human body. The whole body or part of the body can be induced by moderate or large doses of radiation. It is still uncertain whether low doses of radiation can cause leukemia.

　　"Chemical poisons or drugs and other factors can also induce leukemia. Benzene and its derivatives, chloramphenicol, phenylbutazone, ethyldimorpholine, alkylating agents, cytotoxic drugs, etc. can induce leukemia, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer and lung cancer after chemotherapy. It is also prone to secondary leukemia. In recent years, there have been many reports that indoor decoration and furniture and toy pollution are a major cause of the increase in the incidence of leukemia among urban children. " Li Jieping said.

　　Myth 3: Exposing your ankles and getting cold easily leads to chocolate cysts.

　　Exposing ankles has become a feature of young people’s dressing. Recently, an article said, please put down your trouser legs! A 16-year-old girl, for the sake of beauty, has been wearing ankle-length pants in winter, but she got ovarian chocolate cyst.

　　However, there is no direct evidence that there is a causal link between ankle exposure and chocolate cyst. Xiangyang, chief physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said that ovarian chocolate cyst, also known as ovarian endometriosis cyst, is a pathological change of endometriosis.

　　Under normal circumstances, the endometrium grows in the uterine cavity and falls off once a month under the influence of female hormones in the body, forming menstruation. If the fragments of endometrium shed during menstrual period enter the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tube with menstrual blood countercurrent and are planted on the surface of the ovary or other parts of the pelvic cavity, ectopic endometrium is also affected by sex hormones, and it falls off and bleeds repeatedly with menstrual cycle. For example, if the lesion occurs on the ovary, there will be local bleeding during each menstrual period, which will enlarge the ovary and form a cyst containing old hematocele, that is, "ovarian chocolate cyst".

　　"Because the etiology is unclear, its histology is complicated and cannot be completely prevented. According to the possible etiology and epidemiological results, prevention can be carried out from the following aspects: preventing menstrual blood reflux; Drug contraception; Prevent iatrogenic ectopic endometrial implantation. " Xiangyang said.

　　Zhou Wei, an attending physician of obstetrics and gynecology in Xiangtan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, also said that the cause of ovarian chocolate cyst is not clear, but it is closely related to intrauterine surgery, which is mainly induced abortion. Therefore, the implementation of contraceptive measures and the elimination of induced abortion are helpful to prevent the occurrence of ovarian chocolate cysts.

　　Myth 4: It is easy to catch a cold without wearing a hat at most.

　　In winter, we often hear some old experiences, such as "protecting your head against colds". It is rumored that in winter, your head loses the most heat, and if you go out without a hat, you will obviously get colds and other diseases. Is this true?

　　"For adults, there is no necessary connection between wearing a hat and catching a cold. Wearing a hat has two functions, one is to prevent the head from catching cold, and the other is to prevent the sun from drying, which is not necessarily related to colds. " Zhang Xuan, the attending physician of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, said that for children, the baby’s physique will not be affected by wearing a hat or not.

　　According to a survey made by American Pediatrician magazine, about 40%— 50% parents believe that low temperature will make their children catch a cold. However, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics, colds are common in cold weather because children will stay indoors more and have closer contact with other students at that time, which provides a more convenient channel for the spread of the virus.

　　The saying that "the head has more heat dissipation" can be traced back to the 1850s. The U.S. Army decided to conduct several tests in extremely cold conditions and then measure the heat lost from the body. The soldiers wore the latest polar survival equipment all over, but they didn’t wear hats. Later, the experiment found that the head did lose a considerable part of the body heat, but in this case of being fully armed and not wearing a hat, of course, the human body must first lose most of the heat through the head. So American Army scientists concluded that 40% of the human body & mdash; 45% of the heat is lost through the head.

　　However, according to an article published in the British Medical Journal, researchers from the Health Policy Center of Indiana University said, "If ‘ The head loses the most heat ’ The statement is really correct, then a person who goes out without a hat will obviously be as cold as a person who goes out without trousers, but we all know that this is obviously not the case. "

October 30 th news, last week’s Xiaomi 澎湃 OS andXiaomi 14 At the launch of a series of new products, Lei Jun announced the launch of one. For 256GBXiaomi 14 Pro, users can get an extra 8GB of space, and for 512GB of Xiaomi 14 and Xiaomi 14 Pro, users can get an extra 16GB of space.

Today, Zhang Guoquan, director of Xiaomi’s mobile phone system software department, interpreted this function, saying that the "UltraSpace storage expansion" function will not cause life risk to UFS at all.

In addition, Xiaomi has contributed the standard to the UFS Association. In order to respect originality, Xiaomi asked chip manufacturers to do a little time protection.

The complete contents of IT House are as follows:

With regard to the storage and expansion function of Xiaomi 14 conference, I have read your feedback these days, and I feel it is necessary to talk about the ins and outs of this function. The text is very long, and students who are not interested in technology can only look at the questions and the answers in the first paragraph.

Why do you want to do this function?

Speaking shamefully, in the past few years, MIUI has been burdened with the nickname of "bloated", and has been vigorously rectifying in the past two years. From last year’s razor plan to this year’s storage expansion, it is a line of succession, and it is necessary to bid farewell to bloated completely.

In Razor Plan 1.0, except for some basic functions, other system applications can be uninstalled. In Razor Plan 2.0, the system firmware should be minimized, and the storage capacity should be expanded to ensure the maximum space available to users.

Ultra-thin Xiaomi 澎湃 OS is not only extremely brisk, but also saves a lot of space. Plus 8GB of hardware expansion, compared with the flagship of Friends, it can get up to nearly 20GB of extra space. In addition, the file deduplication and dynamic compression functions in the OS also improve the storage efficiency, which is not only large, but also more "durable". Taken together, after long-term use, it can store more than 30 or even 40G of data.

What is the technical principle? Will UFS have a life risk?

Not at all, everyone can use it with confidence, believe in the professionalism of Xiaomi and chip manufacturers, and don’t be rhythmic.

Simple science about bad block replacement management, because memory devices can only be replaced with reserved space units after bad blocks are found, once there is not enough reserved space, the memory chip will be completely unusable. We not only reserve enough space according to users’ habits, but also optimize the management of Cache to reduce the occurrence of erasure and bad blocks. At the same time, we support cloud control to adjust the reserved area of bad blocks according to users’ conditions after long-term use to ensure the stability of the system. According to the current model of heavy users, under the condition of writing 40GB of data every day, the expansion chip of 256GB can still be guaranteed for more than 10 years, and the expansion chip of 512GB can be guaranteed for more than 20 years. Please rest assured.

In order to ensure the best storage experience, it is necessary to realize the deep collaboration between the host file system and UFS, which has been reflected in the FBO’s refreshing storage function before. With the same concept, Xiaomi also deeply intervened in the resource management of UFS on the host side based on file management, realizing "data unnecessary non-writing (UFS)" through software, and "writing data unnecessary non-migrating" through software+firmware, reducing the amount of writing and achieving better wear-leveling.

Can the old model be upgraded and supported?

Need mobile phone manufacturers, supply chain manufacturers to match, and to do calibration when mobile phone production, so the old model does not support.

Why don’t some versions support the same Xiaomi 14?

For the sake of supply chain security, we purchased a number of memory chips. Although Xiaomi share all the technologies from the supplier, some manufacturers haven’t had time to adapt. In fact, there were objections a few days before the listing. Finally, General Manager Lei made a decision: Don’t waste good technology, just make it clear to everyone. If it is more than 8G/16G, it is normal to enjoy the technology. I hope everyone will understand.

Driven by Xiaomi, mainstream memory chip manufacturers at home and abroad will adapt one after another.

Can other manufacturers use this technology?

Xiaomi has contributed the standard to the UFS Association. In order to respect originality, we ask chip manufacturers to do a little time protection. In the near future, major mobile phone manufacturers should adapt to this function. Since its establishment, Xiaomi has always hoped to promote the progress of the industry with all manufacturers. This needs no explanation. It should be obvious to all.

According to Lei Jun’s previous introduction, the actual real space of a nominal 256GB mobile phone storage actually exceeds 275GB. Among them, 93.1% of the space is really available to users, and the remaining 6.9% is called Over Provision, or OP for short, which is the space occupied by internal management of the memory. This part of the space cannot be used during the use of the mobile phone.

Xiaomi has worked closely with memory manufacturers. . This process requires a deep understanding of the working principle of the memory to ensure that the OP area space is compressed without affecting the performance and life of the memory. After many tests and optimizations, Xiaomi found an ideal balance point.

. In this process, Xiaomi needs to deeply customize the file system to ensure that it can manage this new space correctly and efficiently. Xiaomi’s engineers have finally achieved this goal after countless experiments and optimizations.

Scan the code with your mobile phone and enter with the green code. Nowadays, scanning the health code has become the habit of most Chinese people when they go in and out of communities, companies, shopping malls, or take transportation or even go to the vegetable market to buy food.

The small "health code", like a necessary "life pass", has played a great role in preventing and controlling the COVID-19 epidemic and promoting the resumption of work, production and business. The "health code" rooted in mobile internet technology is replacing the traditional proof method to help people flow safely and orderly during epidemic prevention. According to incomplete statistics, since the outbreak, 31 provinces across the country have achieved full coverage of health codes.

How did the health code appear? How does it achieve "one yard goes to the world"? What role does it play in the construction of smart cities and social public governance?

It is very convenient to pass on the code.

Take out your mobile phone, enter a social platform, click on the "Guizhou Health Code" applet, and register my information by scanning the code-61-year-old Wang Yinghua, a citizen of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, knows this "program" by heart. Whether going for a walk in the park or going to the vegetable market to buy food, he will first take out his mobile phone and do it again.

"With the health code, you can see the health status at a glance, so you don’t have to be so troublesome as before." Wang Yinghua said that before there is a health code, for the sake of epidemic prevention and control, it is necessary to register personal name, address, mobile phone number, ID number and other information when entering and leaving communities, hospitals and parks. "It is too inconvenient and there is no other way." When the epidemic was serious, he once took his grandson to a community hospital and waited in line for half an hour before entering the door.

Nowadays, health code has become an important tool for people to seek medical treatment, work, shop and travel. This kind of "code" traffic makes people travel more conveniently and quickly, and also makes the epidemic prevention and control more efficient and the city operation more scientific and orderly under the background of normalization.

"I feel particularly at ease when I see the health code, especially when I see the residents scanning the green code." Yan Yan, deputy director of Jingshan Street Community Construction Office in Dongcheng District, Beijing, has been on duty at the community prevention and control bayonet since the Spring Festival this year, and was removed a few days ago. Like many colleagues, she was deeply impressed by the changes brought by scanning code.

Yan Yan introduced that since the outbreak, there have been more than 400 workers in Jingshan Street who are responsible for returning to Beijing and returning personnel, and sinking cadres and volunteers on duty in the community. In the past, their main energy was spent on manual investigation and manual registration of residents’ information through "knocking on the door" and telephone calls.

At the beginning of March this year, health codes began to be used in Beijing. This not only lightens the workload of Yan Yan and his colleagues, but also greatly improves the work efficiency. For example, she said that relying on the cooperation of health code and residents’ travel code, staff can quickly understand the authenticity and accuracy of epidemiological investigation information of relevant personnel, the situation of floating personnel and residents’ statements, so as to make epidemic prevention and control more accurate.

Statistics show that the whole country has basically achieved full coverage of health codes except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The people’s think tank recently conducted a questionnaire survey on 5,928 respondents through the Internet and WeChat public platform. The results show that over 90% of the respondents have applied for health codes, and the public feels better about the use of health codes as a whole, and has a high recognition of its role in epidemic prevention and control.

"From a macro perspective, the health code has solved the problem of people’s safe and orderly flow across regions in the context of local epidemics and promoting the resumption of work and production, and has further improved the grid service system while helping the prevention and control of community epidemics." Wang Hong, a researcher at the People’s Think Tank, said.

Safe, accurate and not disturbing.

At the beginning of February this year, many residents in Shenzhen were surprised to find that they don’t need to fill in information or apply for a temporary pass at the gate to enter and leave the community. They just need to log in to the platform such as "Shen I You" at home to enter health information, get the exclusive health code, and light the "code" when entering and leaving the community. With the launch of health codes, Shenzhen has become the first city in China to realize "traveling by codes".

Can you make a "code" that can replace the paper pass, so as to reduce the direct contact between people and the repeated filling of information? This is the original intention of Tencent Cloud government team to develop Shenzhen Health Code.

"From paper proof to digital code, it seems simple, but actually it takes a lot of hurdles." Li Xiaohui, technical director of Tencent Cloud’s government affairs industry, said that from the process point of view, it is necessary to assist the local government to quickly define and establish data collection standards, and design a set of technical architecture that can support tens of millions of users online and ensure its availability. From the goal, health code should realize the function of quickly transmitting relevant data from the front line to government decision-making institutions, and timely transmitting government decision-making and service information to residents and enterprises; At the same time, enterprises only build channels and platforms, and do not keep relevant data to ensure the data security of public information.

Despite the difficulties, the first version of Shenzhen Health Code took only seven days to go online, and the version was constantly updated according to local needs. Behind the innovative speed is the full commitment of Li Xiaohui and his colleagues. "Almost all our departments are involved, and other product teams and security teams of the company guarantee the whole process. It can be said that the company is supporting it."

Today, Internet companies such as Tencent and Ali are providing technical support for health codes in more and more cities.

Generally speaking, the health code systems in different places have many common characteristics. First, they are convenient and fast, and they fully consider the age and education level of residents. For example, Hangzhou Health Code launched the agency application, and the health code was displayed by swiping the citizen card, which solved the problem of using the health code for people without smart phones. The second is safety. For example, the Beijing Municipal Government stipulates that all data of "Health Treasure" shall be kept in the municipal government and used only for epidemic prevention work; And every time the day expires, all relevant data will be invalid, so as to achieve automation of information protection and standardization of data storage. The third is accuracy. Through the verification and comparison with the national databases such as confirmed and suspected case database, close contact database and inter-provincial health code database, and the data of health care, public security, railway, civil aviation and other departments, authoritative and reliable results are generated.

"In the prevention and control of the epidemic, the health code only helps and does not add chaos." Pan Helin, executive director of the Digital Economy Research Institute of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, said that the health code only obtains basic information and health information of residents; In the use process, mainly through color recognition, and only part of personal information is displayed, which greatly reduces the risk of personal privacy exposure.

Let social governance have more temperature.

With the normalization of national epidemic prevention and control, how to unify local health code standards and truly realize "one code goes to the world"?

At the end of April this year, a series of national standards of Personal Health Information Code were released, which means that the personal health information code will realize the unification of coding system, display mode and data content. Experts said that to fully realize the mutual recognition of health codes in different places, it is necessary for all places to further improve the prevention and control system and mechanism, recognize the health codes produced by outsiders, and upgrade the local health code system according to the new national standard.

Li Xiaohui suggested that relying on the existing national integrated government service platform as the central hub, the local health code systems should be opened, so that each province’s health code connected to the central hub can realize "one access and all mutual recognition". "Use the central hub position of the national platform to connect and manage the distributed health code services in various places."

Regarding the future trend of health code, the survey results of People’s Think Tank show that over 90% of the respondents hope that health code will play a more important role in the post-epidemic era, especially in the fields of health, urban governance, transportation and entertainment.

Li Xiaohui said that Health Code is a product that serves the people’s livelihood, and many new ideas have been hatched in the research and development process. For example, in the future urban governance and urban service scenarios, digital map code is a good channel to connect residents, governments, legal persons and social organizations, and more services can be provided through technological upgrading in the future.

Only by improving the relevant institutional mechanisms can health codes play a greater role. Dong Yizhi, a lawyer of Shanghai Zhengce Law Firm, suggested that laws and regulations should be improved as soon as possible, and the authority of government departments to capture and use data and information related to the epidemic, as well as the supervision mechanism and legal responsibility should be clarified. In the future, the government can purchase services to ensure the public welfare of projects and effectively supervise R&D enterprises.

"Health code brings a lot of inspiration to social governance innovation and smart city construction." Pan Helin said that the rapid establishment of a cross-provincial mutual recognition mechanism for health code information has accumulated experience for the national unification of other types of government information in the future; This health code comprehensively applies artificial intelligence, big data, mobile communication, cloud computing, blockchain and other technologies for actual combat training, providing a new means of refined, accurate and rapid management for social governance.

"When everyone can submit their personal needs to the public platform conveniently and quickly, it means that urban governance will pay more attention to humanistic care in the future, and social governance will be more temperature-sensitive." Pan and Lin said.

Extended reading

Hangzhou put a health code on the road.

The municipal road health monitoring system "Smart Road Chief", an important module of the third phase of the "Cloud City Management" launched in Xiacheng District of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has recently been launched. The system divides the pavement in the downtown area into millions of square meters, and each square meter corresponds to a red, yellow and green "health code". Red means "unhealthy", yellow means "sub-health" and green means "healthy". The system puts corresponding positioning and information labels on millions of points, and feeds back 16 diseases such as potholes, subsidence, cracks and defective manhole covers on the points to the cloud in real time through the "intelligent sensing equipment" that moves 24 hours, so as to achieve real-time monitoring, classification and identification, intelligent push and continuous follow-up. "We use health codes to manage roads, inspired by epidemic prevention and control." Zhang Yiheng, director of the Xiacheng Urban Management Bureau Office, said.

The core of "Smart Road Length" is the calculation and transmission of big data. How to make data more secure and reliable and realize sharing? The system uses blockchain technology. The data analyzed and output by the system is authorized by the blockchain encryption algorithm and certificate permission, and the function of "road information storage and certificate sharing" is implanted in the "road intelligent system", which not only can effectively ensure that the road maintenance index is safer, more authentic and more convenient, but also can share the generated data with traffic police, transportation, municipal administration and other departments. After ordinary citizens install mobile phone sensors to upload data, they can also be converted into incentive values to get rewards, thus truly realizing "road surface can be read and managed with temperature".

At present, Xiacheng District has achieved information coverage for nearly 200 roads and millions of points in the area. The average time for finding pavement problems has been shortened from 5-7 days to 1-2 days.

According to reports, the "Smart Road Length" system will be upgraded in the next step, and problems such as road surface water and road garbage will be included in the monitoring scope.

　　With the advantage of data technology, digital finance extends from mastering data of commodity flow, capital flow and information flow to financial core business fields such as payment, financing and investment, and uses digital systems to transform many complex and changeable financial information into measurable numbers and data, and then establishes corresponding digital models with these numbers and data and transforms them into binary codes, which can make financial work more agile, have stronger competitiveness in rapidly changing market business and further strengthen financial services.

　　Digital Financial Technology Elements Surge in "Five Great Articles"

　　Digital finance refers to a new generation of financial service mode that combines traditional financial service formats through the Internet and information technology. From the definition, the elements of digital finance have the following characteristics: First, digital finance is a digital process of financial industry with financial technology as the core, and it is a revolutionary innovation in the field of financial technology. Financial technology is based on a series of technological innovations such as big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc. It is widely used in six major financial fields, including payment and settlement, loan financing, wealth management, retail banking, insurance and transaction settlement, and is the mainstream trend of the financial industry in the future. Second, the participants of digital finance are diversified. It includes not only traditional financial institutions, but also emerging market entities such as digital platform enterprises and financial technology companies. Among them, traditional financial institutions are the most active, digital finance has promoted the efficiency of financial services, and qualified financial institutions, especially commercial banks, are accelerating the pace of digital transformation. Third, we attach great importance to the development and application of data elements. Financial institutions mainly rely on digital technology, digital channels and digital infrastructure to realize the supply of financial products and services, and data is the cornerstone of digital finance and the foundation of digital transformation of financial institutions. Therefore, financial institutions attach great importance to the development and application of data elements. The digital transformation of financial institutions has basically realized the data support business, and also introduced social security, provident fund, taxation and other data for customer acquisition, marketing, credit granting and risk control. In the future, financial institutions may need to pay more attention to the empowerment of data, that is, the third release of data value.This is the key to promote digital innovation in financial products, services, business processes and business models.

　　Let’s take a look at the relationship between digital finance and the "five big articles" of technology and finance, green finance, inclusive finance and pension finance. Technology and finance, Green Finance, inclusive finance and Pension Finance respectively focus on supporting financial services and products in the fields of scientific and technological innovation, green and low carbon, people’s livelihood and the elderly, while digital finance uses digital technology or financial technology to promote the innovative development of financial business. That is to say, technology and finance, green finance, inclusive finance and pension finance can form a brand-new business development model as long as they are blessed by digital technology, that is, they will become digital technology and finance, digital green finance, digital inclusive finance and digital pension finance. These brand-new business development models are all digital financial models supported by digital technology, and create the following three application values: First, capillary value. With the help of Internet of Things, Internet, big data and other digital technologies, we can reach more entities, especially small and micro enterprises, enhance information acquisition, storage and application capabilities, and reduce systemic risks. The second is the long tail value. With the help of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, the effective information in the data is mined, and the matching resources are adjusted based on the value to meet the diversified financing needs, link needs and wealth needs of the long tail Pratt & Whitney group. The third is accurate value. Comprehensive use of digital technologies such as ABCDEFG (that is, A is artificial intelligence, B is blockchain technology, C is cloud computing technology, D is big data, E is experience improvement, F is sensory interface including face recognition, and G is genetic technology), and an agile service platform is formed through digital transformation, which turns passive into active.Finally, the ultimate satisfaction of the diversified needs of the entity enterprises and the general public will be realized.

　　The big financial model is building a new ecology of digital finance.

　　The White Paper on the Ecology of Financial Technology in China (2023) recently released by China ICT Institute points out that the technological changes of large-scale models are continuously evolving and bring new opportunities to the financial industry. The financial industry has a good digital foundation and intensive artificial intelligence application scenarios, which also provides a sufficient environment for the application of large models. The so-called financial big model refers to the machine learning and multi-modal artificial intelligence (AI) model with a large number of parameters and complex structure applied in the financial field. As shown in the figure, in such an ecological framework, whether it is a general big model or a vertically applied big model, or even financial big data, computing power and algorithms, they are all components of financial technology. The so-called "deep roots" can be "strong" and "numerous branches" can be "flourishing". All parts are interdependent, mutually reinforcing and closely coordinated, and they can jointly promote the orderly operation of financial big models and further promote the development of digital finance. In addition, the big financial model is also closely related to financial technology and digital finance. The financial big model is a composite technology product that integrates many financial technologies such as big data, cloud computing, blockchain, metauniverse and artificial intelligence. It can be widely used by financial institutions in intelligent risk control, intelligent investment and research, intelligent customer service and other fields, providing them with intelligent and efficient solutions. Moreover, by using the financial macro model, financial institutions can better understand customer needs, enrich business scenarios, enhance customer experience, predict market trends, optimize product design and business processes, and strengthen security and compliance, thus providing strong support for the digital and intelligent transformation of the financial industry. Specifically,In the business front desk, the big model can be used as intelligent customer service to improve the work efficiency of business personnel in outlets; In the business center, the analytical ability of the big model can be used as investment research and investment to improve the accuracy of credit; In the business background, the big model can improve the risk control ability and reduce the investment risk. The financial macro-model can almost run through the whole process and task of the financial industry, and reshape the production relations of the financial industry through the release of the productivity of each endpoint. These innovations fully meet the requirements of the new ecology of digital finance.

　　On November 23, 2023, Tencent Cloud, as the leader of the domestic financial cloud market, officially released the big model solution for the financial industry, committed to making every financial institution have its own big model. Commercial banks are also actively deploying AIGC and financial models. According to the mid-year reports of listed banks in 2023, nine banks, namely Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, Bank of Communications, China Merchants Bank, China CITIC Bank, Industrial Bank, Huaxia Bank and Zheshang Bank, have clearly stated that they are exploring the application of the big model. Among them, Agricultural Bank of China has taken the lead in launching ChatABC, and it has been iteratively upgraded; ICBC takes the lead in realizing the application of tens of billions of basic models in many scenarios, such as knowledge operation assistants and financial market investment and research assistants. Bank of Communications formulates the construction plan of generative artificial intelligence and sets up a special research team of GPT large model; The Postal Savings Office actively explores the research of cutting-edge technical fields such as digital employees, NLP dialogue robots and pre-training models. Recently, it officially released the i-PSBC digital postal savings and four "I" series of digital finance achievements including mobile banking 9.0; China Merchants Bank has improved its ability to build large models, and focused on exploring its application in the whole process of wealth management, and put into production the FinGPT Creative Center. At the same time, all financial scenarios of commercial banks are exploring to adapt to the big model interface, and their procurement needs range from computing power reserve to model procurement, from cloud computing resources to data governance, covering all kinds of manufacturers in the artificial intelligence industry chain. Within the major insurance groups,Bidding for GPU server procurement and data governance service projects prepared for large models is also in full swing. Looking at the digital finance of the whole financial industry, it has entered the era of financial model.

　　The focus of China’s digital finance innovation and development in the next stage

　　How to focus on the big article of digital finance, the key is to find out the pain points or difficult problems encountered in the development of digital finance at present, and then break through and solve them. After in-depth practice and careful investigation, the author believes that the pain points or difficulties encountered in the current development of digital finance mainly include the following aspects: First, data security and privacy protection. Digital financial services are highly dependent on the Internet and digital technology, involving the collection, transmission and storage of privacy and personal data of financial institutions and a large number of users. Once a security incident occurs, it may cause great losses to financial institutions and users. Therefore, how to ensure the security and privacy of these data and prevent data leakage and abuse is an important challenge. The second is the inclusiveness and inclusiveness of financial services. At present, there are still some vulnerable groups who cannot enjoy the dividend of digital financial services. How to further expand the inclusiveness and inclusiveness of financial services and let more people benefit from the development dividend of digital finance is also an urgent problem to be solved. Third, the application of the big financial model is "acclimatized". The application of the big model is not smooth sailing, mainly because the vertical application of the big model by financial institutions can not be seamlessly connected with the general big model of the financial industry. The reason is that the digitalization ability of financial institutions is uneven, and the demand for large models is different. In addition, the financial industry generally has strict requirements on digitalization efficiency, security and risk control. Therefore, the big model of the financial industry faces a series of challenges such as low adaptability, lack of scene traction, and frequent "AI illusion".So that the large model can’t land and dock smoothly. The fourth is the ethical issue of financial technology. Financial technologies such as intelligent risk control, intelligent investment, intelligent customer service (robot customer service) and other financial applications based on artificial intelligence and big data technology have almost become the standard of all financial institutions. However, there are ethical problems in the application of these technologies, especially the ethical problems in the application of artificial intelligence technology in the financial field. For example, intelligent algorithm may cause problems such as algorithm black box, algorithm discrimination, credit supply discrimination, and ethical problems such as inducing excessive borrowing. Improper response may affect financial stability and security.

　　By fully understanding the challenges and risks faced by the development of digital finance, we can better cope with and solve the problems. First, focus on strengthening data security and privacy protection. With the accelerated development of digital finance, data security and privacy protection have become key topics. Strengthening data security and privacy protection can be strengthened from the following aspects. The first is to strengthen data encryption. For important data, use strong encryption algorithm to encrypt it, so as to ensure that only authorized personnel can read and process the data. At the same time, it is necessary to adopt anti-leakage technology and add multiple security layers in the process of data transmission and storage to avoid data loss. The second is to strengthen the management of data rights. Only authorized personnel can access and process sensitive data, and strict access control mechanism needs to be established. This can be achieved by establishing a data center or cloud service. At the same time of authorization, it is necessary to establish a detailed logging mechanism in order to track everyone’s access to data and operation records. The third is to strengthen the protection of personal privacy information. Personal privacy information should be anonymized or desensitized to prevent personal sensitive information from being illegally obtained and used. The fourth is to strengthen anti-fraud efforts. Adhere to the rule that "what you see in online channels is not necessarily true", and be wary of criminals using AI synthesis technologies such as "onomatopoeia" and "face changing" to easily disguise themselves as others, and accurately implement fraud by quickly screening target groups and customizing fraud scripts. Illegal behavior; When transferring money and remittances, people who call themselves "acquaintances" and "leaders" induce remittances for various reasons through social software and telephone calls.Be sure to verify the identity of the other party. The fifth is to establish a complete security risk management measure. Including the establishment of an anti-fraud alliance with the participation of regulatory authorities, industry associations, financial institutions and technology enterprises; Strengthen the protection of consumers’ rights and interests at the industry level, and jointly establish a customer rights protection center to form an industry risk mitigation and mutual assistance mechanism; Establish a sound data security governance organizational structure and staffing, strengthen system construction, and pay attention to personnel management and process construction; Establish a sound data security risk assessment and monitoring mechanism. At present, the promulgation and implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Data Security Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Personal Information Protection Law, and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China the State Council’s Opinions on Building a Data Infrastructure System to Give Full Play to the Role of Data Elements have provided legal protection for data risk prevention and control in the financial industry.

　　Second, focus on strengthening the inclusiveness and inclusiveness of digital financial services. Digital finance can create three application values: capillary, long tail and precision, and these three application values are fully reflected in the financial services of inclusive groups. To this end, the State Council’s Implementation Opinions on Promoting High-quality Development in inclusive finance (Guo Fa [2023] No.15) requires strengthening science and technology to empower inclusive finance, supporting financial institutions to deepen the use of Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other scientific and technological means, optimizing inclusive finance’s service model, improving credit approval and risk management models, and improving the availability and quality of financial services such as small and micro enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households and agricultural subjects. Promote the development of Internet insurance norms, enhance the ability of online underwriting claims, and improve the level of insurance services through digital and intelligent management. We will explore the pilot project of blockchain construction in the regional equity market in a steady and orderly manner to improve service efficiency and safety management. It is also necessary to create a healthy digital inclusive finance ecosystem, support financial institutions to rely on digital channels to connect with online scenes, and provide high-quality inclusive finance services in the fields of small and micro enterprises, agriculture, rural areas and people’s livelihood. On the premise of ensuring data security, financial institutions are encouraged to explore information collaboration with small and micro enterprises, core enterprises, logistics and warehousing and other parties in the supply chain to improve the efficiency of supply chain financial services for key groups in inclusive finance. Encourage the organic combination of digital government, smart government and digital inclusive finance, promote the convenience of financial services closely related to daily life, and at the same time ensure the daily cash use of the people.

　　Thirdly, efforts should be made to strengthen the multi-party cooperation in the application of financial big models. From the application practice of financial big model in 2023, the inherent uncertainty and high training cost of new technology determine that it is difficult to promote its landing application by relying on a financial institution’s own technology and R&D strength. Therefore, the author believes that the joint creation and ecological co-construction of financial institutions and technology companies is undoubtedly the most effective way to accelerate the application of big models in the financial industry. As the frontier field of digital and intelligent application, the financial industry is rich in data resources and has a wide range of practical scenarios, which has the prospect of deep integration with large models. Technology companies also need to improve their large-scale model capabilities and explore commercialization paths through the tempering of business scenarios. The cooperation between the two parties has great prospects. From the real case, Tencent Cloud has cooperated with many financial institutions in the application of financial big models in the past year, and achieved positive results. In terms of products, Tencent Cloud TCE has helped a large number of large financial institutions such as Bank of China, China Construction Bank, People’s Insurance Company of China and China UnionPay to build a secure and compliant full-stack private cloud, which is the largest proprietary cloud solution with the largest number of cases in the industry. The advent of Tencent Cloud’s big model solution for financial industry is expected to promote the big model to take root in China’s financial industry. For the "AI illusion" and the risk of robot customer service, it is also necessary to strengthen cooperation, and mainly adopt artificial agent (AI Agent) to effectively solve it technically. AI Agent is different from traditional artificial intelligence.It is an intelligent entity that can perceive the environment, make decisions and execute actions through independent thinking and calling tools. At present, AI Agent has a unique way to solve the problems of big model "AI illusion" and context capacity limitation, and financial institutions may wish to try it in cooperation with technology companies. Looking forward to the future, AI Agent will make the big model become an agent with independent thinking, decision-making and execution ability with the help of one or more agents, and continue to realize the road to artificial general intelligence (AGI).

　　Finally, efforts should be made to strengthen the ethical governance and construction of financial technology. The so-called scientific and technological ethics refers to the values and codes of conduct that need to be followed in carrying out scientific research, technological development and other scientific and technological activities. To promote financial science and technology to be good, it is urgent to strengthen the ethical governance of financial science and technology, improve the regulatory rules of financial science and technology ethics, strengthen the role of ethical review of financial science and technology, effectively prevent and control the ethical risks of scientific and technological activities in the financial field, and realize the benign interaction between innovative high-quality development and high-level security of financial science and technology. On October 9, 2022, the People’s Bank of China officially issued and implemented the Guidelines on Science and Technology Ethics in the Financial Field, which is an important milestone in building an ethical governance system for financial science and technology. The guideline provides seven values and codes of conduct that should be followed in carrying out scientific and technological activities in the financial field, namely, innovation, data security, inclusiveness, openness and transparency, fair competition, risk prevention and control, and green and low carbon. On October 8, 2023, the Ministry of Science and Technology, together with ten departments, issued the Measures for Examining Ethics of Science and Technology, which tied the "safety belt" and put the "steering wheel" for the accelerated breakthrough of new technologies such as AI and life sciences in China. With the publication of the above-mentioned policy documents on ethical governance of science and technology, the ethical construction of financial science and technology has been integrated into the risk management and scientific governance system of financial institutions, and has become an important part of it. The ethical education of science and technology, information security and data security risk management and control have been strengthened. In the future, the related requirements and protective measures of ethical governance of financial technology should be further strengthened, the ethical governance system of financial technology should be continuously improved, and the governance measures should be fully implemented.In particular, commercial banks should speed up the establishment of relevant organizations responsible for the review of scientific and technological ethics. At the same time, it is necessary to embed ethical governance into the design and implementation of financial technology products and services, give full consideration to language, culture, gender, age and other factors, and provide "temperature-sensitive" services in an intuitive and concise way, so as to avoid inconvenience and obstacles to the "most disadvantaged" and effectively improve the availability, ease of use and security of financial services. In the cooperation between financial institutions and technology companies, we should adhere to the principle of "finance is the foundation, technology is the instrument", adhere to the positioning of technology as financial empowerment, delimit the cooperation boundary between financial institutions and technology companies, and effectively isolate financial risks from technology risks.

　　(The author is a professor and researcher at Zhengzhou Training College of the People’s Bank of China)

　　① People’s Bank of China. Financial Science and Technology Development Plan (2022-2025) [EB/OL]. http://www.pbc.gov.cn/goutongjiaoliu/113456/113469/4438627/index.html, 2022-1-4.

　　② People’s Bank of China. Guidelines on Science and Technology Ethics in Financial Field (JR/T0258-2022) [EB/OL]. http://www.czifi.org/newsinfo/4509335.html, 2022-10-09.

A few days ago, the new Lectra 08 EM-P will be officially launched on August 8. Compared with the current models on sale, the new Lectra 08 EM-P is expected to be adjusted in terms of configuration, such as changing the visor of the Lectra 07 EM-P, the sunflower central control panel, and increasing the power supply of the trunk.

The current LECK 08 EM-P was launched in September last year, and a long-life plus model was launched in April this year. At present, there are five models on sale, and the official guide price is 195,800-258,800 yuan. Its body size is 4820mm long, 1915mm wide, 1685mm high and the wheelbase is 2848mm. It adopts a 12.3-inch full LCD instrument panel and a 15.4-inch floating central control panel, and is equipped with two "Longying No.1" chips with 7nm technology.

In terms of power, the current LECK 08 EM-P adopts the EM-P super extended-range electric scheme, and is equipped with Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited 21.2kwh battery pack, with two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive versions. The two-drive version consists of a 1.5T four-cylinder special-purpose electric hybrid engine and a front drive motor. The maximum power of the engine is 115kW, and the maximum power of the motor is 160kW. The four-wheel drive version consists of a 1.5T four-cylinder electric hybrid engine and three drive motors, with a combined maximum power of 436kW and a system peak torque of 905nm.