2024 年 – 第 23 页 – 上海后花园论坛-上海419论坛-夜上海论坛

The map from vernal equinox to national spring day is coming! Let’s see where spring is →

　　Today (March 21st), China has entered the fourth solar term of spring — — Vernal equinox After the vernal equinox, the days get longer and the nights get shorter. In a day, the sunshine not only prolongs the "on-the-job" time, but also gradually increases the heat, and most of our country enters the fastest period of time in a year. Warming up urges the process of going north in spring, and more and more people feel the breath of spring by enjoying flowers, stepping in spring, flying kites and tasting wild vegetables. China Weather Network has specially launched a national spring map to see which places will be embraced by spring during the spring equinox.

　　Spring is strong in the south and accelerated in the north.

　　It’s the vernal equinox, and it’s already mid-spring, with flowers in full bloom and strong spring scenery. All the year round, before entering the vernal equinox solar terms, most of the spring in the south is already very strong, and many places in the north are still a winter scene. After entering the vernal equinox, the sun slowly moves northward, the days are long and the nights are short, the heat of the sun is gradually enhanced, and the average temperature in the area north of the Yellow River can reach above 10℃.

　　At the vernal equinox, the pace of spring accelerates northward, and more places in the north will enter the embrace of spring. Central and northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui, northern and western Henan, southwestern Shaanxi, southwestern Shanxi, most of Hebei, most of Tianjin, most of Beijing, and northern Xinjiang Southern Xinjiang Basin will enter spring at this time.

　　The recovery is rapid and the spring breeze is booming.

　　On the vernal equinox, the sun shines directly on the equator, and the northern and southern hemispheres are equally divided day and night. Since then, the position of the direct point of the sun has moved northward, and the days in the northern hemisphere are long and the nights are short. Most of China’s temperatures have shown a rising state and entered the fastest period of time in a year.

　　The rapid warming urges the process of spring. At the vernal equinox, the pace of spring crosses from the Yangtze River to the Great Wall, and many places north of the Yellow River finally welcome the spring letter. In ancient times, the vernal equinox was also called the mid-spring moon. Under the warm sunshine in spring, everything grew, and the leaves of willow trees were no longer sparse in early spring. The mid-spring flowers such as apricot flowers and cherry blossoms also began to enter the best viewing period.

　　In addition to rapid recovery, the spring breeze is also the messenger who brings spring news to the north. The spring breeze in the spring equinox season often shows two faces, sometimes "blowing the face without chilling the willow wind" and sometimes "the wind suddenly sweeps away ten thousand flowers". When it is gentle, it is like a pair of hands to soothe people’s hearts, and when it is violent, it is cruel and ruthless.

　　During the spring equinox, the momentum of spring thunder gradually increased, and the first thunder in most parts of the south has already sounded, and it began to enter the period of frequent lightning; Many places in the north have ushered in the first thunder. The ancients also speculated about the weather through thunder. The dull thunder and rain lasted for a long time, and the thunder was a shower.

　　Swallows return to the north with flowers.

　　There are three stages in the vernal equinox: "When the mysterious birds arrive; Two Hou Lei Nai voiced; Three Hou Shi Dian. " Dark birds refer to swallows, which generally fly south in the autumn equinox and return north in the spring equinox. At the vernal equinox, the warmth in the north is getting stronger and stronger, and the return of swallows represents that spring has also reached further north. At this time, the Yellow River basin began to hear the first sound of spring thunder one after another. However, lightning, a weather phenomenon caused by the fierce collision between cold and warm air, will not be seen until the third day of the vernal equinox.

　　"On the fourth day of mid-spring, the spring scenery is in the middle." The spring equinox season is just the right time, and the choice of flower viewing is very rich. As soon as the begonia blooms, the white flowers fall sporadically with the spring breeze, which seems to be the trace of her coming in the earth in spring. The pear blossoms are like snow, and her strong fragrance and elegant figure complement each other, adding a touch of color to spring. Mulan, also known as magnolia, is often used by the ancients as a metaphor for the noble character of being pure and clean.

　　Vertical eggs, spring vegetables, flying kites in spring

　　In the folk, the custom of the spring equinox season is related to the spring character of Otawa. People’s activities to enjoy spring are not limited to spring flowers, but also flying kites and tasting spring vegetables. Toona sinensis and spring bamboo shoots are served on the table one after another, becoming a limited food in spring. In addition, in order to celebrate the arrival of spring, there is also the custom of separating eggs in spring in our country. As early as 4000 years ago, people believed that laying eggs on the vernal equinox was easier to succeed.

　　Busy farming is at the right time

　　At that time, the spring equinox is busy with agriculture, and spring tube, spring ploughing and spring planting are about to enter the busy stage, winter crops enter the growth stage, and wheat begins to jointing. Because the temperature rises rapidly and the water demand of crops is relatively large, it is necessary to strengthen water storage and moisture conservation in the northern spring rainy area.

　　It’s another year of deep spring! During the spring equinox, as the weather warms up, people’s activities of enjoying spring begin to be colorful. Whether it is enjoying the scenery in spring, flying kites, tasting spring vegetables and experiencing the spring on the tip of the tongue, it has added some fun to daily life. After the vernal equinox, the days are getting longer and the sun is shining on the earth. Hope is ahead. Let’s start from spring and go to the future with such a mood.

How can a Lantern Festival be passed down for a hundred years？＂Super-burning Food Record 2＂ Taste the ＂Fuzhou Taste＂ of the Time-honored Brand

At 22:00 today, the eighth issue of Master Kong iced black tea "Super Burning Food 2" jointly produced by Zhejiang Satellite TV and Zhejiang Shitong Culture Communication Co., Ltd. will be broadcast. In this programme, "Super Burning Family" Jam Hsiao, Meng Jia, Yang Jiulang, Ao Ziyi and "Super Burning Partner" Dong Yanlei will continue to appreciate the beautiful and diverse Fuzhou, punch in exotic restaurants, experience the charm of competition in the game of flag football, taste the "Fuzhou flavor" inherited for a hundred years from a bowl of Yuanxiao, and bid farewell to this trip to Fuzhou under the romantic sunset.

Taste Turkish food for the first time and feel exotic.

Experience flag football against professional teams

Fujian is located in the transportation hub of the East China Sea and the South China Sea. It is the starting point of Zheng He’s voyage to the Western Ocean on the Maritime Silk Road in history, and it is also a distribution center for maritime commerce. Here, carrots, tomatoes, celery, flaxseed and cucumbers were introduced to China through the Silk Road, which enriched the diet of China people and promoted the exchange of ideas, languages and cultures between different regions. Nowadays, more foreigners have settled in Fuzhou, and the emerging exotic food has attracted a large number of young people to taste.

In this programme, the "Super Burning Family" will come to Aladdin’s restaurant to taste the authentic Turkish flavor. This is also the first time that members have tried exotic restaurants on the show. What kind of food makes Jam Hsiao want to "call dad"? Aladdin is not only the name of the restaurant, but also the Chinese name of the restaurant owner. This "Fuzhou son-in-law" from Turkey will tell the story of her coming to Fuzhou across the ocean and living there for 27 years. What makes Aladdin attached to Fuzhou? What made him not want to leave Fuzhou?

After a full meal, the "Super Burning Family" will come to the beach stadium to burn calories. This time, they will challenge the flag football, which is widely circulated among urban youth. In the impression of many people, football is full of fierce physical collision and confrontation. However, the flag rugby is not limited to gender and body shape. As a form of rugby with no contact, zero equipment and small space, everyone can participate deeply. In the program, members will play a five-to-five match with Fuzhou Yaoqi football team. At the beginning, whether the "super-burning family" can play the spirit of "being strong when encountering strength" in football against the professional teams that have fought many battles in the world?

Explore the delicious food passed down from generation to generation

Taste the ancient taste from the century-old Lantern Festival

In addition to exotic customs, the ancient streets and alleys in Fuzhou also contain the ancient flavor passed down from generation to generation. "Deaf" is one of them. Founded in 1898, "The Lantern Festival for the Deaf" is a veritable century-old brand, and it was also included in the list of the sixth batch of representative intangible cultural heritage projects in Fujian Province in 2019. In the program, the "super-burning family" shared their own tastes. Jam Hsiao prefers the taste of peanuts, and reveals that the nicknames of sesame stuffing and peanut stuffing at home are "grandfather" and "aunt". Meng Jia, on the other hand, prefers white balls without any stuffing. Can the "Deaf Lantern Festival" conquer everyone’s taste buds? What is the difference between Yuanxiao and Tangyuan?

Why can a small Lantern Festival be passed down for a hundred years and attract countless diners? Probably because the steaming "Yuanxiao for the Deaf" is not only delicious, but also has the life tradition, regional characteristics, long-standing Fujian culture, beautiful meanings and sincere wishes of old Fuzhou. According to Lin Wei, the fourth generation inheritor of Yuanxiao, the sign of "Er Er Bo" originated from his great-grandfather, who was hard of hearing due to a serious illness, but the skill of making glutinous rice balls was not bad. "In the early days, it was a shoulder-to-shoulder sale. Because we didn’t have a sign, the guests called him" Er Bo "in Fuzhou dialect. In the end, it is actually a brand registered with the reputation of the masses. " It is worth mentioning that the "Deaf Boyuanxiao" also looks like an ingot, which made Lin Wei’s great-grandfather and grandfather win the hearts of many dock merchants when they set up stalls at the dock.

In Fuzhou, Lantern Festival is not only about eating Yuanxiao, but also watching lanterns, visiting temple fairs and solve riddles on the lanterns. In the program, Lin Wei brought some riddles related to things to the "super-burning family" so that everyone could experience the traditional activities of Fuzhou Lantern Festival. Before solve riddles on the lanterns, Yang Jiulang said, "We often talk about cross talk in playing riddles". Can he, who calls himself "the riddle master", usher in his own highlight moment?

At the end of the program, the "Super Burning Family" will come to the romantic rooftop restaurant to attend the farewell banquet of Fuzhou trip. In order to let everyone eat more local food in Fuzhou, Dong Yanlei specially invited his chef friends to make special finale dishes. What dish is as famous as the "Buddha jumps over the wall" and must be eaten in two minutes? The classic of Fuzhou’s ancient morning flavor-fishing, how to cook an extraordinary taste with simple methods?

When "eating" became the business card of Fuzhou today, all kinds of delicious food blended with mountains and seas here, and the taste reached all directions. At 22:00 today, lock in Zhejiang Satellite TV Master Kong iced black tea "Super Burning Food Record 2" and feel the exotic style and ancient taste of Fuzhou with the "Super Burning Family"!

Fruits and vegetables waft from the Gobi Desert, and the agricultural scale of Gobi in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province has reached 90,000 mu.

　　Solar greenhouse in the production base of Gobi ginseng fruit in Yumen city. Provided by Yumen Agriculture and Rural Bureau

　　Vegetable farmers are managing cherry tomatoes in the greenhouse of Dunhuang Seed Industry Gobi Agricultural Industrial Park. Provided by Gansu Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

　　Core reading

　　The vast rural areas are very different, and the resource endowments are different. Modern agriculture is doomed to be unable to conquer the world with one model.

　　Many areas in northwest China are dry and lack of rain, and the ecology is fragile. How to break through the common problems of resource constraints and embark on a road of high-quality agricultural development? Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, invigorates Gobi resources, develops ecological agriculture, breaks through technical barriers and market barriers, and balances the relationship between production and ecology, which brings enlightenment to the development of high-quality agriculture in such resource-constrained areas.

　　It is hard to believe that this is the Gobi Desert that once "the wind blows stones and runs away, and grass does not grow everywhere"!

　　Walking into the Gobi agricultural industrial parks in Jiuquan, Gansu Province, it seems to be in the solar greenhouse museum — — In the assembled steel frame greenhouse, leeks, cucumbers, tomatoes and other vegetables are fresh and tender, and vegetable farmers are busy collecting and loading cars; In the intelligent multi-span greenhouse, southern fruit trees such as pitaya, fig and lotus fog are full of vitality, and a set of sophisticated equipment is dazzling … …

　　How do the Gobi desert grow fruits and vegetables? Is there any money in facility agriculture? How to balance production and ecology? With these questions, the reporter found out.

　　Ask Gobi for space

　　Developing ecological facility agriculture will increase the average benefit per mu by 10 times.

　　In the greenhouse of Yinda Gobi Agricultural Industrial Park in Suzhou District, rows of tomato seedlings are more than two meters high. When I ask, I still control the growth! Looking closely, a tomato bears fruit from top to bottom, and it has seven layers, and one layer can pick more than two kilograms of fruit.

　　Li Kai, stationmaster of Yinda Town Agriculture and Forestry Station in Suzhou District, introduced that there are 1,350 solar greenhouses in the industrial park, and 80% of them grow tomatoes. "It is not a problem to collect 12,000 Jin in a shed. The output is 1/3 higher than that of ordinary shed, and the quality is better."

　　"It’s easy to work hard and farm easily. I didn’t expect the wasteland to become a cornucopia." Ge Mingke, a 54-year-old villager in Liufen Village, Yinda Town, said that it is located on the edge of Badain Jaran Desert. In the past, it was not long to grow anything. The villagers used to be poor and developed Gobi agriculture, which made everyone see the future. Today, Lao Ge runs 8 greenhouses in the park. He took out his mobile phone and showed it. "Now, with a little finger, you can roll up the curtain in a few minutes."

　　In addition to vegetables, there are many new things in the park — — Some farmers planted tropical fruits such as pitaya, lotus fog and passion fruit in Gobi, and the benefits were good. The perfume lemon was sold to one in 30 yuan. Ge Mingke tried to grow grapes in the greenhouse this spring, but it was snapped up as soon as it was picked.

　　"Developing efficient agriculture is not a patent in developed regions." Li Kai said that despite the shortage of water and soil resources in Jiuquan, with another brain, the disadvantages can become advantages, and the Gobi desert here can be rich! Statistics show that there are 170 million mu of Gobi desert beaches available in the city, accounting for nearly two-thirds of the city’s land area.

　　"The Gobi Desert is not suitable for traditional farming, but there are many things that can’t be done on cultivated land, but there are advantages here!" Jiang Weijie, a researcher at the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that the Gobi Desert has a vast area and is concentrated and contiguous, which is suitable for scale operation; There are many stones, and local materials can save a lot of greenhouse cost; The Gobi Desert has up to 14 hours of light every day, and the temperature difference between day and night reaches more than 20 degrees Celsius. The fruits and vegetables are of high yield and good quality.

　　"Gobi agriculture has expanded the development space and opened up new channels for farmers to increase their income." Zhang Guosen, deputy director of Jiuquan Agricultural Technology Service Center, introduced that the protected agricultural area of Gobi in the city reached 90,000 mu, with an annual net income of 25,000 mu — 30,000 yuan, about 10 times that of field planting.

　　Qilian qingquan agricultural science and technology co., ltd chose Yumen city and invested 350 million yuan to develop ginseng fruit. Into the greenhouse, ginseng fruit does not grow on trees, but green seedlings climb the rope and grow straight up.

　　"The fruit grows up after drinking snow water from Qilian Mountain, which is sweet and refreshing and has a unique flavor!" Ma Shoudong, the general manager of the company, said that the irrigation water in Qingquan Township comes from melted snow, which is pure and pollution-free, and the Gobi land is suitable for developing green and organic crops.

　　In addition to good quality, it can also be wrong. "Going public in winter and spring can avoid the listing period of Yunnan ginseng fruit and seize the scarcity period of northern fruit." Ma Shoudong said that in the Gobi greenhouse, one crop can be harvested four times, and the average income of the shed is more than 40,000 yuan.

　　In response to the unique resource advantages of the Gobi Desert, not only Qilian Qingquan Company, but also Jiuquan started to build 90 Gobi eco-agricultural industrial parks, and 35 leading enterprises, 49 cooperatives and more than 7,000 farmers including Dunhuang Seed Industry and Julong Group joined in. In just a few years, Jiuquan Gobi eco-agriculture has developed from scratch, from small to large, and has embarked on an innovative development road with outstanding regional characteristics and efficient use of resources.

　　Science and technology break through resource constraints

　　Water is counted by drops, fruits and vegetables are planted in "pillows", and the more scientific farming is, the sweeter it is.

　　Water shortage is the first problem in agriculture in Gobi desert.

　　"Saving water is the only way out." Wang Shengjun, deputy director of the Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jiuquan City, said that the Gobi is short of water, which is a structural shortage. Heihe River, Shule River, Taolai River and Danghe River all flow through the territory. The key is to vigorously develop science and technology to save water and break the bottleneck of water resources.

　　Jiuquan built a water conservancy project to divert water and water. Popularize water-saving technology in one hand, and formulate 15 technical specifications for Gobi agricultural standardization, so that new integrated technologies such as water-saving drip irrigation and integration of water and fertilizer can be settled, and the maximum benefit of each drop can be exerted.

　　In the intelligent multi-span glass greenhouse of Dunhuang Seed Industry, vegetables are as delicate as flowers. "The water supply is calculated by drops, and each crop has its own drinking water file." Wang Kai, manager of the second production department of the company, introduced that the water and fertilizer equipment automatically adjusts the water supply according to the crop growth data and the environment. Scientific farming, the sweeter the planting, the organic tomatoes produced here sell for 7 yuan a catty.

　　How to make good use of Gobi resources on the basis of protection? Jiuquan defines Gobi eco-agriculture, and its specific development space is arid Gobi area, including Gobi desert, desertification land, abandoned land, and even low-yield fields in oasis. "Gobi agriculture should carry out long-term planning, avoid disorderly development, grasp the balance between production and ecology, and adhere to ecological priority, ‘ Do not drill a new well or increase the total water consumption ’ These two hard levers are the bottom line and the red line. " Wang Shengjun said.

　　With the "hard leverage", how can Gobi agriculture "grow up"? Fan Lide is a pioneer of agriculture in Jiuquan Gobi. His story is very convincing: in 2009, he began to build greenhouses to grow fruits and vegetables in Gobi. Today, the couple run 30 greenhouses, large and small.

　　Walking into Van Lide’s greenhouse, the ground is still the original appearance of Gobi, and all kinds of vegetable seedlings grow in "pillows". This is a matrix pillow technology popularized in the city in recent years. The "pillow" contains the "soil" needed for crop growth. "You don’t have to dig a hole and open a ditch, you can directly bag vegetables, and water and fertilizer will be pumped in like infusion ‘ Pillow ’ 。”

　　The matrix pillow comes from Kangduo Ecological Agriculture Company. Walking into the backyard of the company, the bundled straws are neatly packed, the tomato seedlings are piled up like hills, and the mushroom residue bags are put together. "Matrix pillows are made of these agricultural wastes." Su Hai, Chairman of the Board of Directors, said that 1 mu of sunlight greenhouse needs 67 cubic meters of substrate, which can transform and utilize 125 cubic meters of agricultural wastes such as straw, tail vegetables and livestock manure. Returning substrate to the field can also enhance soil fertility and improve soil.

　　In Jiuquan Gobi desert, various intelligent drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integration facilities are very common. In the past, "the farmland was watered in the field, but now the seedlings were watered in the Gobi", and careful calculation of water-saving accounts became the common action of farmers and enterprises. "It is necessary to save water and improve water efficiency, but also to use water efficiently and improve output efficiency." Zhang Guosen said that through precision drip irrigation, planting tomatoes can save water by 50%, increase production by 30%, and increase efficiency by about 2,000 yuan per mu.

　　Holding a group to develop and sell well.

　　Improve the quality of the industrial chain, do well and enlarge the "vegetable basket" and "fruit plate"

　　Compared with traditional agriculture, Gobi ecological facility agriculture undoubtedly needs more investment. Is it worthwhile to do so?

　　Jiuquan’s approach is to focus on organic and green, and build efficient agriculture in the whole industrial chain.

　　Come to the largest agricultural product market in Hexi region — — In the spring market, I found that many stall owners are rushing to collect Gobi vegetables and fruits. "From November to March of the following year, vegetables from the Gobi Desert accounted for about 20% in the market." Li Hongmei, deputy general manager of Chunguang Market, said that Gobi agriculture is positioned in the middle and high end. If it is difficult to sell at a good price only by staring around the producing area, the key is to broaden the market.

　　The government has set up a platform, built brands and blocked points, so that more and more high-quality agricultural products in Gobi can go out. The influence of "Gobi Snow Run" regional brand has been expanding, and the market has expanded to Beishangguang, Sichuan and Chongqing.

　　"If you want to embrace the big market, you can’t fight alone!" Wang Shengjun introduced that the city took the lead in setting up a vegetable association, formulating production standards and promoting multi-party participants to "hold their fingers into fists".

　　Holding a group to break into the market, the "vegetable basket" and "fruit plate" are getting bigger and bigger. Kangyuan Fruit and Vegetable Farmers Cooperative in Qingquan Township has driven more than 400 farmers to operate 1032 ginseng fruit greenhouses, providing through-train services such as agricultural materials, technology, storage and sales. Chijin Town Dongjiuwang Farmers Cooperative has driven more than 2,000 growers, supported clean vegetable processing, leek flower sauce and other processing projects, and extended the industrial chain.

　　There must be a "golden key" to knock on the door of the market. "The key is to improve the quality of the industrial chain and achieve high quality and good price." China — Wang Xiongjiao, head of the construction promotion group of Israel (Jiuquan) Industrial Park, said that the stones from other mountains can attack jade, and the desert agriculture in Israel is the most similar to Gobi agriculture. People not only have advanced water-saving technology, but also have an efficient industrial chain to ensure that what they produce is a hot commodity. The industrial park officially opened in April this year, and the first suggestion of Israeli experts was to study domestic and international market information.

　　There are no e-commerce online stores, no merchants coming and going, and all the leeks in Chijin Town are sold to Beijing, Hebei, Shaanxi, Xinjiang and other places. "We rely on orders, and the wholesale price of sheds is higher than the retail price of ordinary leeks in the local market." Wang Yi, the leek agent, said that Chijin leek is a geographical indication product, and 90% of the leeks in the town have achieved order sales.

　　"Good quality and good price, organic leeks are sold for five or six yuan a catty." Wang Yi started a new experiment on the Gobi Desert — — More than 100 steel arch sheds and more than 100 solar greenhouses have been built to grow organic vegetables. The newly emerged leek seedlings add new green to the Gobi Desert, and more than 280 farmers are busy with Wang Yi.

　　Large-scale production and circulation are the development trends. "To transport vegetables to Guangzhou, it is required that the temperature of the cabbage is below 2 degrees Celsius, and it will be delivered in 40 hours and sold in 12 hours." Wang Shengyuan, general manager of Julong Modern Agricultural Logistics Port, said that as the largest logistics enterprise in Jiuquan, through the development of cold chain logistics, a number of cooperatives have been driven to connect with the big market.

　　Jiuquan, who is well versed in the development of Gobi agriculture, has a new plan: by 2022, it will build a demonstration area of Gobi eco-agriculture leading the whole province and even the whole country, and become a competitive "vegetable basket" production and supply base based in the northwest, radiating the whole country and facing Central Asia, West Asia and South Asia.

What should I do to apply for exemption from the self-taught English test？

What should I do to apply for exemption from the self-taught English test? With the rapid development of society, facing the pressure of promotion and employment, it is essential to improve self-advantage. Having a high degree or a good diploma is the key, which can broaden the scope of employment and increase the chances of promotion. Education is one of the important conditions for judging personal quality, and enterprises also attach importance to highly educated employees. The following small series answers the relevant information about adult self-study exam for everyone, hoping to help everyone!

Click to enter:If you have any questions about the self-study exam, don’t know how to choose the main examination institution and major, and don’t know the local policy of self-study exam, click to learn now > >

What should I do to apply for exemption from the self-taught English test?

(1) Candidates log in to the system. After submitting an application for exemption from examination through the exemption function in the examination registration and transfer management module, they submit the original and copy of the admission ticket, ID card, graduation certificate and complete report form to the county (district) examination office. If the transcript must be copied from the original graduation school, it must be signed by the Academic Affairs Office of the graduate school and stamped with the official seal.

(2) The county (district) Kaoban collects the candidates’ materials, prints the Certificate of Handling Exemption Procedures and submits it to the candidates, and then the candidates’ materials are reported to the municipal Kaoban in a unified way.

(3) After the Municipal Kaoban verifies the candidates’ materials, it shall sign an opinion on the photocopy and affix its official seal. The original county (district) Kaoban shall return the candidates, print the Examination Exemption Audit Form and submit the photocopied materials to the Provincial Kaoban.

(4) After the examination of the provincial examination office, candidates can query the examination results through the system.

(5) Candidates need not apply for exemption if there is a curriculum substitution relationship between the courses exempted from examination and the courses with original achievements.

1. Theoretical courses: Candidates must complete the theoretical courses specified in the professional examination plan, and the examination results must be qualified.

2. Practical course: Candidates also need to complete the practical course assessment prescribed by the major and obtain qualified results.

3. Ideological and moral appraisal: Candidates’ ideological and moral needs to pass the appraisal and meet the relevant requirements.

4. Graduation thesis or design: Undergraduate students need to complete the required graduation thesis (design), and their grades need to be consistent with the selected major and the examiner’s school.

5. Credits and subject requirements: The total credits are usually not less than 70 points, and each subject will receive corresponding credits; The total number of subjects required by each major should not be less than 13, and each course (such as public courses, specialized courses and elective courses) should reach a certain minimum credit.

6. Handling of violation records: If there are violation records, candidates need to meet the requirements of delaying graduation years.

7. Other conditions: The specific graduation conditions also include whether you have a diploma of junior college or above with a nationally recognized degree, and whether you meet other specific conditions stipulated by the major.

The above is related to the adult self-study exam, and candidates can use it as a reference, which is subject to the official announcement! Candidates who want to get more information about the self-taught examination, such as the registration time, examination time, application conditions, preparation knowledge and related news, please pay attention to the online self-taught examination channel of China Education.

Popular recommendation:

If you have any questions about the self-study exam, don’t know how to choose the main examination institution and major, and don’t know the local policy of self-study exam, click to learn now > >

Recommended reading:

In April, 2024, all provinces registered for self-study exams in official website.

Summary of Registration Time and Entrance of Self-taught Exams in April 2024 by Provinces

Ali agricultural products warehouse debut： fruit ＂do CT＂, accurate to millimeter.

[Global Network Technology Comprehensive Report] On June 30, Alibaba announced that the digital agricultural collection and processing center (hereinafter referred to as the origin warehouse) in Guangxi and Yunnan has been fully operational.

Within this year, Alibaba Digital Agriculture will also build three production warehouses in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Shandong, forming five national agricultural products collection and transportation hubs, and build more than 20 land sales warehouses in several provincial capitals. In the mode of "producing warehouse+selling warehouse", a digital agricultural product circulation network will be initially formed, which can support 1 million tons of fresh agricultural products to be sent to the national table every year.

It is understood that the production warehouses in Guangxi and Yunnan are built near Nanning and Kunming airports, which is convenient for air and land transportation. It is also the largest agricultural product collection and processing place in Guangxi and Yunnan.

The daily delivery capacity of Guangxi warehouse phase I is nearly 300 tons, and that of Yunnan warehouse phase I is about 150 tons. It mainly involves fresh agricultural products, such as wogan, pitaya, passion fruit, pomegranate, mango, pineapple, papaya and purple potato.

Digitalization is the biggest feature of the two warehouses. According to reports, the digital central control room can keep abreast of the data and warehousing of agricultural products in the two provinces; The fruits are sent to a four-channel sorting equipment. Just like CT, the photoelectric sorter can measure the sweetness and sourness of each fruit, the smoothness of the fruit surface, and whether there are mildew spots, orange peels and scratches. As for the fruit diameter, it can be accurate to millimeters and the weight can be accurate to 0.5 grams.

Efficiency is the key factor of producing warehouse. In the dual-channel sorting line of Kunming origin warehouse, skilled workers can sort out up to 450 kilograms of fruits a day, while the sorting line can "classify" 7 tons of fruits in one hour. The efficiency is 124 times that of the former.

The transformation from agricultural products to commodities involves many processes such as sorting, quality control, packing, billing, etc., and the digital and automatic warehouse of origin only takes two minutes to complete these processes.

High efficiency will not make farmers lose their jobs. In Guangxi and Yunnan, nearly 600 jobs were provided in the early days to help farmers become industrial workers.

The warehouse of origin is more like a fruit fresh-keeping box. In Nanning warehouse, 40,000 cubic meters of cold storage is kept at 0-4℃. It is estimated that the loss rate of fresh agricultural products can be reduced from 20%-30% to 10%, and this part of the profits can be "returned" to farmers.

Hou Yi, president of Box Horse Business Group and president of Alibaba Digital Agriculture Division, said that Ali has opened a "fruit shuttle bus" and a "flower shuttle bus" in Yunnan, which can ensure that fruits are shipped out of Yunnan every day and transported to Beijing, Shanghai and other cities in the cold chain.

In addition to building five major agricultural product producing warehouses nationwide this year, Alibaba Digital Agriculture also plans to build more than 20 land selling warehouses nationwide. At present, more than half of the land selling warehouses have been put into operation.

Reporting/feedback

Guangdong Cultural Lantern Festival is a non-legacy carnival

　　Cctv news On the fifteenth day of the first month, the Lantern Festival is full of flowers and drums. On February 5th, the festival "Sigh" directed by the Guangdong Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism and hosted by the Guangdong Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center was an unforgettable event — — The non-legacy carnival activities of the series of activities of "Non-legacy New Year’s Culture Entering Thousands of Families" will be officially opened.

　　Under the "small waist" along the Pearl River, enjoy the intangible cultural heritage, watch the intangible cultural heritage show, and experience a brand-new feast of cultural tourism, which is a mixture of modernity and tradition, and urban and rural areas.

　　Good things gather together, and non-legacy gathers together

　　It is understood that this event will be held from 15: 00 to 20: 00 on February 5th at the atrium of Huilixuan Shopping Mall on the first floor of Guang Zhouta. At the event site, you can shuttle through the brightly lit market scenes in the past and feel the magnificence of Shangyuan Night in the Cantonese mahogany palace lanterns; Not far away, the colorful lights will create a festive atmosphere for the scene, which is "the fire tree and the silver flowers will never sleep, and the Lantern Festival will be filled with joy".

　　Relying on traditional festivals and folk customs, this activity will invite non-legacy projects at or above the prefecture level in Guangdong Province to participate, and connect non-legacy and modern life in the form of interactive display and immersive experience, so as to promote the consumption of zhen wen tourism and help rural revitalization and the development of cultural tourism integration.

Foshan lantern

　　There are also various non-legacy items such as Foshan woodblock New Year pictures, Foshan lanterns, Xiasangju, maltose pomelo peel, and pier blue for viewing and purchasing.

Foshan Woodblock New Year Pictures

　　Good show, multi-linkage

　　Look at the unicorn playing around the head and tail, admire the puppet, and listen to the melodious Cantonese opera. On the day of the event, intangible items such as Huangge Kirin Dance, Gaozhou Puppet Show and Cantonese Opera will be invited to perform flash performances, so that the audience can feel the charm of traditional culture on the spot.

Huangge unicorn dance

Cantonese opera performance

　　During the event, visitors who participate in the lantern festival and the interaction between solve riddles on the lanterns and various Lantern Festival features can collect five stamps to participate in the on-site lucky draw, and have the opportunity to win the 433m Baiyun Starry Sky Sightseeing Ticket in Guang Zhouta, the landmark camping ticket in Guang Zhouta, the Guang Zhouta Wenchuang and the Guangdong Intangible Cultural Innovation Product.

12-year-old girl writing 170,000-word martial arts novels was interviewed, and the sword never left her body (Figure)

　　　 [Content at a glance]Zhu Xiaojun, a 12-year-old girl from Zhongshan, Guangdong, has written more than 10 novels in the past four years. Among them, the martial arts novel "Vertical and Horizontal World" is as long as 170,000 words, and her martial arts coach in the Children’s Palace is written into the book as the protagonist.

Zhu Xiaojun was interviewed, but Jian still stayed with him.

　　　　Southern Network reported on October 30 that Chen Xianhong, a martial arts coach in Zhongshan Youth Palace, still remembers that one day last year, an 11-year-old girl, Zhu Xiaoyun, came running excitedly and said, "I am going to write a martial arts novel, and you are the protagonist in it."

　　　　"Well, I’ll wait and see." Chen Xianhong replied smoothly. Half a year later, his name really appeared repeatedly in Zhu Xiaojun’s novels. This martial arts novel named "Vertical and Horizontal World" has 14 chapters and 170,000 words.

　　　　learn/practise wushu

　　　　"Use a sword like a little dragon girl."

　　　　In August last year, Zhu Xiaoyun participated in the martial arts class of the Youth Palace. Over the past year or so, he has been trained from ordinary martial arts classes to elite classes. He has been a member of the Youth Palace Wushu Team and has participated in performances from time to time. But what impressed coach Chen Xianhong most was Zhu Xiaoyun’s extreme enthusiasm for martial arts novels. Zhu Xiaojun, a junior high school student in Zhongshan No.1 Middle School, is now the author of more than 10 novels? ? Although none of these works have been published yet. Her most impressive experience was the sci-fi novel Mutation, which was created when she was in the fifth grade. It was serialized in Boys and Girls magazine for a period of time last August, but "the serialization time was not long and the manuscript fee has not been received."

　　　　On Sunday afternoon, in the martial arts class on the third floor of the Youth Palace, 12-year-old Zhu Xiaoyun looked handsome and aura, dressed in school uniform and with short black hair. I saw her swing her sword forward and make a standard golden rooster independent. She said that she studied martial arts because "I like the little dragon girl written by Jin Yong, who uses a sword and has temperament." I fell in love with writing martial arts before practicing martial arts. Zhu Xiaojun lamented that there is still a big difference between the two, and it is necessary to make great efforts to practice the results.

　　　　novel

　　　　Martial arts coach plays the leading role

　　　　Zhu Xiaoyun wrote martial arts novels for the first time in his memory, in the third grade of Zhongshan Experimental Primary School. The first work is called "Looking for a Teacher". "It’s not long, just for myself. It’s a chapter to write a B5 manuscript paper." Zhu Xiaoyun’s impression of the first novel is already very vague. "The novel tells the legend of an apprentice and master, and has also made several drafts."

　　　　In the impression of his mother Huang Jianqin, the family subscribed to magazines such as Children’s Literature and Story Club all the year round, and Zhu Xiaojun was keen on writing since he was a child. "Fairy tales, fairy tales, and some imaginative ideas have all been written by Xiao Yun." However, Zhu Xiaojun didn’t read much about the original works of famous martial arts masters such as Jin Yong and Gu Long. "I prefer to watch adapted series and online novels."

　　　　Including finished and unfinished novels, Zhu Xiaoyun has written more than 10 novels in the past four years, and "Vertical and Horizontal World" completed in May this year is her longest martial arts novel so far. Zhu Xiaoyun said that on the night of December 23rd last year, when she was still in the sixth grade, she had a dream, "I dreamed that a great Xia saved a little Xia. When I woke up, I thought, wouldn’t it be interesting if Xiao Xia saved the great Xia in turn?" So Zhu Xiaojun began to write "Vertical and Horizontal World" and wrote 170,000 words in half a year.

　　　　"She has great expectations for this book." Wu Haifei was the head teacher of Zhu Xiaoyun’s primary school. "The cover of the novel is ready. I have read it and it is quite novel." Coach Chen Xianhong was one of the earliest readers of Vertical and Horizontal World. Zhu Xiaoyun wrote three martial arts coaches in the Youth Palace: Miao Xinlian, Chen Shiyou and Chen Xianhong into the novel and became the three brothers under the "Qimo Gate" in the book. After carefully reading the novel, Chen Xianhong commented: "The writing skills are really good, but the plot is not innovative enough."

　　　　After the completion of Vertical and Horizontal World, Zhu Xiaoyun thought about publishing it, but he didn’t get it. "I sent the novel to the publishing house, and the editor said that the plot was good, but the writing was still a little unfinished." Zhu Xiaoyun was disappointed that her plan to earn money for publishing a book failed. She thought that she had failed to imitate Jin Yong in writing and planned to rewrite it. Now, this novel is temporarily placed on the website of a publishing company.

　　　　mature early

　　　　I don’t like to socialize on the Internet.

　　　　However, Zhu Xiaojun’s martial arts novels have never been shown to his parents. "Dad’s idea is too rigid. After reading it, I’m sure Rory is wordy." Zhu Xiaoyun’s parents didn’t know about his novels at first, but later he gradually discovered them. "Dad didn’t say anything, but mom made three chapters, as long as it didn’t affect her studies." Apart from studying, Zhu Xiaoyun seldom communicates with his father. "I know, in fact, my father really wants to read my novel. Once I saw him searching for the title on the Internet, but I just couldn’t find it. Anyway, I don’t want him to read it."

　　　　"She is a little adult." Huang Jianqin, the mother of an accountant, said that her daughter is far more sophisticated and deep than her peers. She once complained at the parent-teacher meeting that her daughter had no good friends and was too unsociable. Wu Haifei, the class teacher, analyzed, "Xiaoyun is a computer expert. She has been writing in front of the computer for a long time and chatting with netizens. It is estimated that this is the reason for her withdrawn personality."

　　　　Zhu Xiaojun has worked as an administrator in many forums, and her personal homepage "Yubizhai" is the place where her readers gather the most. Netizens have made serious comments on her novels such as The Island of the Gods, The Seven Heroes, The Remnant Dreams, The Great Tang Dynasty, Crazy Poems and Drunken Sword, Wandering Swordsmen, Stardust and Legend of Miracles.

　　　　I want to catch up with my grades and be a teacher.

　　　　Wu Haifei said that Zhu Xiaoyun’s novels are well written, but the composition of the unit test is just so-so. "She is addicted to her own creation and her studies are probably relaxed." In order to write novels, Zhu Xiaoyun can write thousands of words a day at most, and he can write for hours on end with inspiration. "I like to write when there is no one at home, and the quiet environment is inspired."

　　　　For a period of time in the fifth and sixth grades of primary school, Zhu Xiaoyun’s grades were only below the average level in his class. Huang Jianqin was in a hurry. He supervised his daughter to review before writing every day, and had to rest after 10: 30 every night. However, the daughter with high creative enthusiasm is not obedient. On New Year’s Day this year, in order to conceive the plot of "Vertical and Horizontal World", Zhu Xiaoyun said that she had insomnia for several nights. "At that time, it was really a bit fascinating." Until the mid-term exam this year, Zhu Xiaoyun only spent one-third of his time reviewing, and his mind was still on novels. "Fortunately, I was assigned a computer place when I was promoted to middle school, otherwise I don’t think I have a chance to study in No.1 Middle School."

　　　　After finishing "Vertical and Horizontal World", Zhu Xiaoyun, who was promoted to junior high school, also settled down a little. "I used to have fun, but now I have to catch up with my grades. If I don’t read the book well, I will accomplish nothing."

　　　　"We have not set any goals for Xiaoyun’s future." Huang Jianqin let nature take its course for her daughter’s future. Zhu Xiaoyun said that he did not intend to be a writer. "I want to be a teacher, like my martial arts coach, to cultivate my own seeds and bear fruit." However, her creation is still going on. At present, she is writing a new martial arts novel "Lingtian", and plans to write 130,000 words. "I wrote half this summer vacation, and the remaining half will be completed before the end of the winter vacation. This book will continue to be submitted to the publishing house."

　　　　……

　　　　Looking back,

　　　　Hold the sword and sink; Holding a knife is painful;

　　　　Bow your head and get drunk; Hold your head up and be depressed.

　　　　Dream, just thinking about it is enough;

　　　　Think about it, just smile.

　　　　Tears are always sad tears,

　　　　Don’t flow for joy,

　　　　Thinking of the lake of tears in the mountain,

　　　　Drops of tears accompanied by lotus flower,

　　　　Bloody swords set off the turbidity of heaven and earth,

　　　　Treat each other coldly and accompany the silence of the world.

　　　　Life is just a game, and everyone is a pawn in this game.

　　　　Why take it so seriously?

　　　　? ? Excerpt from the final chapter of Vertical and Horizontal World

　　　　-biographies of people

　　　　Zhu Xiaojun, female, 12 years old, is a junior one student of Zhongshan No.1 Middle School. I began to write novels in the third grade of primary school. In the past four years, I have been "writing for fun" and have been fiddling with 10 novels, except science fiction, mainly martial arts. In May of this year, I finished the 170,000-word martial arts novel "Across the World", and now I’m writing another novel. The most awesome experience is that I serialized the science fiction novel "Mutation" in a magazine.

　　　　-Introduction to the work

　　　　"Vertical and Horizontal World": It tells the legendary story of a little chivalrous man in the dangerous rivers and lakes who saved the heroes. There are 42 characters in the book, and the ending is fierce and tragic. The six protagonists would rather die than surrender and commit suicide. (This article Source: Southern Network Author: Kang Yin)

Editor: Li Erqing

Take stock of the pain that will breathe in autumn! What about these ＂meteorological diseases＂？

　　China Weather Network News It’s almost mid-September, and the breath of autumn is getting stronger and stronger. Entering autumn not only means that the temperature is getting cooler, but also is known as "autumn dryness". But in fact, in addition to "autumn dryness", there are many other autumn "meteorological diseases" that are also annoying, which is simply a pain that can be breathed in life! Let’s take a look at the "meteorological diseases" that have to be said in autumn.

Take stock of the pain that will breathe in autumn! What about these "meteorological diseases"?

　　Acute gastroenteritis caused by "meteorological disease" in autumn

　　From summer to autumn, the digestive function of the human body began to decline, so the disease resistance of the intestine also began to weaken. This season, it is the time when all kinds of fruits and vegetables are on the market. If you eat a lot of cold fruits and vegetables, it is very likely that various acute gastrointestinal diseases will occur. Especially the elderly and children with relatively poor resistance have weak gastrointestinal function and are more likely to suffer from acute gastroenteritis.

　　Prevention tips:

　　1, reasonable arrangement of diet, pay attention to balanced diet nutrition. Food should be light and eat more vegetables and fruits. Don’t be greedy for cold drinks, and don’t overeat every meal to avoid damage to gastrointestinal function.

Take stock of the pain that will breathe in autumn! What about these "meteorological diseases"?

　　2. According to climate change, increase or decrease clothes in time. Pay attention to the ventilation of the room and keep the air fresh. It is necessary to strengthen physical exercise and enhance the ability to resist diseases.

　　3, pay attention to the fruits and vegetables to clean, you can use alkaline water to clean the fruits and vegetables, so that you can clean the residual pesticides.

　　The angular stomatitis of "meteorological disease" in autumn

　　In autumn, the climate is dry, and the skin and mucosa around the mouth and mouth are chapped, and the surrounding bacteria will take advantage of it to cause infection and angular stomatitis. It is worth noting that autumn angular stomatitis generally occurs in children. In a dry environment, children may wet the wound with their tongue or touch it with their hands, which is more likely to aggravate the chapped mouth and infection.

　　Prevention tips:

　　1. Apply glycerin to the affected area to moisten the damaged area, or apply erythromycin ointment to the corners of the mouth for sterilization and anti-inflammation.

　　2. Apply some tea seed oil to your mouth before going to bed, especially for children. This is the most suitable and safest method. You don’t have to worry about eating it when licking your mouth, but you should pay attention to the cleanliness of the mouth during this period.

　　3, eat more fruits and vegetables, drink plenty of water, you can eat tomatoes, cucumbers and other vitamin-rich fruits and vegetables. In addition, don’t touch it with your hands, and don’t wet the wound with your tongue.

Take stock of the pain that will breathe in autumn! What about these "meteorological diseases"?

　　Arthralgia of "Meteorological Disease" in Autumn

　　The research shows that when the daily average temperature changes above 3℃, the daily average air pressure changes above 100 hectopascals and the daily average relative humidity changes above 10%, the number of patients with joint pain will increase, which is comparable to the "walking weather forecast". As the autumn wind gets colder and the weather turns colder, many people will have joint pain, and often have symptoms of numbness and difficulty in joint movement. Among them, a large number of people will have symptoms of joint cold pain, fear of wind and fear of cold.

　　Prevention tips:

　　1. Keeping warm is the most important thing to deal with joint pain. When the weather turns cold, increase or decrease clothes in time according to the weather conditions. When it is cold in the morning and evening, you can wear a long coat or trousers, and you can use knee pads, wrist guards, stockings or gloves locally.

　　2. When doing housework, try to use warm water to avoid direct contact with cold water, refrigerated goods or freezers. Doing a good job of keeping warm can greatly reduce the inducement of joint disease, thus reducing the frequency of the disease.

　　Oral ulcer of "meteorological disease" in autumn

　　When autumn comes and autumn dryness rises, people will easily get angry. Many people are forced to join the army of oral ulcers this season. Although oral ulcer is not a big problem, it really hurts! It’s just the pain of breathing. It hurts when eating, it hurts when drinking water, and it hurts even when talking. Not only that, oral ulcers are easy to repeat, which makes people hard to prevent.

　　Prevention tips:

　　1. Try to diversify your diet, eat more miscellaneous grains, coarse grains, green leafy vegetables, fruits, potatoes, bean products, milk, etc. to achieve a balanced diet and drink more water.

　　2, pay attention to oral hygiene, avoid damage to oral mucosa, avoid spicy food and local stimulation. After each meal, you can rinse your mouth with salted boiled water and normal saline, and you can also rinse your mouth with medicine to avoid secondary infection caused by food residue.

　　3, daily life should be carried out regularly according to a reasonable plan, have a good rest, especially to ensure adequate sleep.

　　Allergic rhinitis caused by "meteorological disease" in autumn

　　In autumn, there is usually a great temperature difference between day and night, and allergens increase. Such climatic characteristics lead to frequent attacks of rhinitis, especially for people with allergies, which can cause stuffy nose, runny nose and itchy nose, and severe patients can be accompanied by sneezing, headache and dizziness. Therefore, going out this season is no less than "going to the battlefield" for patients with allergic rhinitis, for fear of "summoning" rhinitis accidentally. Others admire the beauty of autumn scenery, and they can only sigh: "Snuff and tears are Qi Fei, and paper towels are the same color as handkerchiefs."

Take stock of the pain that will breathe in autumn! What about these "meteorological diseases"?

　　Prevention tips:

　　1. Find out allergens in time, stay away from protecting your nose, and use cold water to clean the nasal cavity every morning, which can enhance the ability of gastric mucosa to resist cold, and also remove bacteria and germs in the nostrils.

　　2, due to seasonal changes, cold weather and allergies, it is necessary to keep the humidity of the indoor air, and don’t let the nose be too dry.

　　3, avoid getting angry, otherwise it will easily cause some inflammation, and nasal congestion and sore throat caused by long-term getting angry will cause rhinitis.

　　Skin disease of "meteorological disease" in autumn

　　In autumn, the moisture content in the air decreases, the metabolism of human body slows down, and the secretion function of sweat glands and sebaceous glands also decreases, thus making the skin dry, chapped, desquamated and itchy. For people with poor resistance, skin diseases such as urticaria and psoriasis are prone to occur. At the same time, the change of temperature makes human immunity decline, and it is easy to be infected by bacteria, fungi or viruses, thus suffering from infectious skin diseases such as herpes zoster, rubella and measles.

　　Prevention tips:

　　1. To relieve autumn dermatitis, you can rinse the affected area with clear water, but don’t use hot water or soap with strong alkalinity, which will easily damage the skin and aggravate the condition.

　　2, should not eat hot pot, shrimp, crab, beef, mutton, tobacco, wine and other spicy products, strong tea, etc., will aggravate the condition. Eat more foods rich in vitamin A, such as pig liver, eggs and cod liver oil.

　　3, pay attention to personal hygiene, clothes should be washed frequently, choose loose and breathable cotton clothes, try not to go to the grass.

There are many writing routines for primary school students： 8-year-olds write ＂In my life＂ at the beginning.

　　Open column language

　　Today, the "Jingmiao Teenager" edition met the readers for the first time at the weekend. In this page, which aims to "let children learn and practice writing", you will see the exercises, comments by famous teachers and activity previews of small reporters in Chengdu Business Daily. In addition to the layout, there will be a wealth of interviews and practical activities for small reporters every week. We will aggregate resources from all walks of life and build a platform for small reporters to recognize and contact the society.

　　Let’s provide more ways and means for children to perceive this city and this society.

　　Writing a good composition is difficult.

　　I’m afraid everyone has an unforgettable experience in composition when they are studying. Whether the words and sentences are quoted, whether the layout of the article is sublimated step by step … … Over time, the composition seems to have a routine.

　　However, for primary school students, it is not good to have a routine taste when they first learn to write a composition. Let’s take a look at some examples of primary school students’ composition "routines" told by our Chinese teachers.

　　An 8-year-old child begins by writing "In my life"

　　Some children in Grade One and Grade Two read a lot of composition books, which not only increased their knowledge, but also learned the prologue of routines and the use of "high-frequency vocabulary".

　　Teacher Meng of Shuanglin Primary School has a deep understanding. No matter what composition, the beginning of having a child is always like this: "In my life, I have encountered many things, as many as stars … …” "In my life, I have thought of many people, as many as pearls … …” "In my life, I have experienced many hardships, as many as stones … …”

　　"Son, your life has just begun, where did you get so many experiences and insights?" Every time I meet such an opening remark, Teacher Meng can’t help but sigh. As for the reason, Mr. Meng thinks that children "watch too many model compositions, fail to carefully observe what happens in life, and their thinking is limited."

　　In addition, there are several "high-frequency words" that always appear in children’s compositions regardless of time and occasion. For example: "wet eyes" and "red eyes". Among them, a first-grade child wrote: I came home from school, my grandmother told me to do my homework, and I finished my homework with wet eyes.

　　Seeing this, people want to ask: son, why are you so wronged to finish your homework seriously? Is grandma fierce, or is homework too difficult to make you cry?

　　Waiting for a companion for six hours, just to keep an appointment and go swimming?

　　Children’s compositions are varied, and some even make up stories with their brains in order to finish their compositions. Teacher Zhong of a primary school told such a story — —

　　That unit is about "sincerity", and I arranged for the children to write a composition on this topic. The content of a classmate’s composition is: On a hot summer day, two friends made an appointment to go swimming at 1 noon. One of the friends forgot the time because of his fun and didn’t go to the appointment. At 7 o’clock in the evening, this little friend suddenly remembered an appointment, hurried to the appointment, and found that his companion was still waiting in the same place. Therefore, he felt that his companions were sincere and he felt guilty.

　　Teacher Zhong believes that most of this composition is made up. "This is a society with developed communication, not an era when messages are shouted and traffic is run. Isn’t this child going swimming just to keep his appointment by standing in the sun for six hours without eating or drinking? "

　　Teacher Zhong reminded us that this story tells us that children can have imagination when writing a composition, but they can’t exaggerate it. Logic is the most basic thing. You should observe more in your life, and you can read composition books, but you should have a wide range of ideas, so you can’t be stereotyped.

　　More than 10 children saw the little boy "give up his seat" at the same time

　　There are more than 10 children in a class in a primary school in Chengdu, and the same thing happened at the same time. Teacher Zhang, who teaches Chinese, told her own experience:

　　The topic of that day’s composition was "Nobleness". Of the 40 compositions I received the next day, more than a dozen were almost identical, and the general content was: Today, I saw a little brother give up his seat to the old man on the No.56 bus, which made me admire his noble character very much.

　　After reading these compositions, Mr. Zhang can only write a comment without mercy: at the same time, at the same place, more than 10 students saw the same little boy give up his seat to the old man. Children, you must have read the same composition book. Take it back and rewrite it!

　　There are always shopkeepers standing for days waiting to refund customers’ money.

　　Teacher Qu, a primary school in Chengdu High-tech Zone, also told an interesting story about propositional composition: "I once asked for ‘ Sincerity ’ Write a composition for the topic. It was the first time that students came into contact with the composition of direct proposition. Originally, I didn’t have much hope. As a result, the composition I received still made me stupid. " In the composition received by Mr. Qu, nearly half of the students in the class have the same routine in their compositions.

　　The general meaning of the composition is: "One day I went to the grocery store to buy snacks (or stationery) and forgot to change. After two days, I remembered to go to the boss again and found that the boss was still standing in the same place waiting for me with change. Ah, the boss is really a sincere person. " In order to highlight the sincerity of the store owner, some students will also add some environmental descriptions, such as in the wind and rain or under the scorching sun. "Won’t the boss take an umbrella?" "Which store boss can stand for so long? Come to the office and tell me. " Teacher Qu wrote in the comments.

　　Later, Teacher Qu checked online and found that the students’ routines were exactly the same as the first search result of "Sincere Composition" from Baidu. Teacher Qu reminded parents that children should actively guide them when writing their compositions, and they should not directly check or teach their children to check online.

　　Besides cats and dogs, is there any other fun in your life?

　　Teacher Xia from Hi-tech Zone shared her experience in composition teaching. "I left a composition for the students a few days ago — — What pleasures have you found in your life? In class, I gave examples at random to tell students about the fun of keeping pets, such as keeping cats and dogs. As a result, the essays handed in by the students were basically all about keeping cats and dogs, and those who didn’t keep cats and dogs kept small goldfish or turtles. Anyway, the whole class unified the fun of life very tacitly — — Raise small animals. "

　　Teacher Xia said that this kind of composition was originally open-ended, and each student’s experience was different, so what he wrote should be different. "At that time, I just gave an example casually. I didn’t expect the whole class to quote directly. On the one hand, it shows that some students are habitually lazy and don’t think when writing a composition. On the other hand, it shows that most students are not very good at observing at ordinary times, and there is no material available when writing a composition. " Teacher Xia believes that students must write more compositions and be good at observing life. Usually, they can start with diaries and gradually cultivate their thinking and writing skills. Chengdu Children’s Group Zhao Yuxin Chen Xinglong

　　Jing Miao bi tan

　　How to solve the "set" of primary school composition?

　　■ Li Yunxia, Chinese teacher of Chengdu Tonghui International School.

　　Writing practice in grade one: "Look at the starry sky, what do you see?" What did you think of? " Of the 41 essays, 17 wrote about the stars blinking in the sky, 12 wrote about the stars like various gems, and several wrote about the Big Dipper like a spoon. What about the imagination of first-grade children? What about the "write whatever you see" that I specifically told you before?

　　As a primary school Chinese teacher, I can’t help but smile: the composition routine is deep! Before the teacher started teaching routines, the students were taught routines first.

　　Looking back on these years, I have encountered quite a few composition routines. When I write about my mother, I will get wet when I open an umbrella. When I get sick in the middle of the night, I always carry my child to the hospital myself … … Mothers’ IQ is always not online in their compositions. No wonder they have white hair in their 30s. The red scarf is a necessary prop, whether it is to give up your seat on the bus or return the extra money, the red scarf must fly high at the critical moment.

　　Of course, it’s no wonder they are. Think about yourself as a student before you became a teacher, didn’t you come over like this? The students of that year, today’s fathers and mothers, must have been passed by.

　　Pass one set, and the routine will last forever.

　　What pushes teachers and parents to the routine? This problem is too big, but in short: 1. Lack of rich accumulation. Pupils are young, most of them don’t have rich life experiences, and they don’t have a lot of time to read outside the schoolwork burden, so their compositions lack flowing water. Second, the composition needs personalized guidance. In the classroom, there are many people and time is tight, so the teacher may not be able to teach calmly. Outside the classroom, parents are limited by their abilities and may not be able to guide their children to express themselves individually.

　　Routine can get immediate benefits, but it stifles the spirituality of children’s long-term development As a Chinese teacher, it is necessary to reflect and improve the composition in primary schools, no matter who practices it. Adhering to the practice of critical reading and creative writing is the foundation, being familiar with children’s psychology, creating activity design as an arm, and making primary school composition dynamic and open. Teachers advocate true composition and expression, and guide children and parents with "truth" as the standard Parents abandon the pretence in adult society, do not interfere or impose, and let their children observe the world and experience life from the perspective of children. When teachers and parents give up routines, children will naturally restore their unruly personality. At that time, who can do routines?

Where are the steps of spring？ The ＂temperature＂ in these places continues to be grasped.

On February 24th, the topic of "2023 National Spring Progress Map" was listed on the hot search list. The 2023 national spring progress map was released. Where is the pace of spring?

Since February, cold air has appeared frequently in China, but its intensity is not strong, and the temperature in most areas is generally high. Especially in the north, during the cold air intermission, the sun "goes to work" and the temperature rises very rapidly.

Up to now, the footsteps of spring have reached southern Zhejiang, southwestern Jiangxi, southern Hunan, northern Guangxi, southern Guizhou, southeastern Sichuan and Chongqing. In the south of the Yangtze River and most of its northern areas, although the spring has sprouted, it is still some distance from the real spring.

All the year round, in late February, most of China is still in winter, and in March, the territory of spring will rapidly advance northward. Jiangnan, Jianghuai area generally entered the meteorological spring in March, and further north, North China, Huanghuai and other places will have to wait until the end of March to the beginning of April to usher in the real spring.

With the coming of the weekend holiday, the cold air will further sweep the clouds south, and the remaining "dark clouds" in the southern sky will disappear "invisibly" on a large scale. Jiangnan, South China and other places ushered in a wide range of sunny weather.

Although there is still cold air to report for duty from the end of this month to the beginning of next month, the lack of warm and humid air flow does not cooperate, and it mainly affects the north. Although the temperature still fluctuates, the range of rain and snow is not large. In sunny days, the temperature will also rise all the way, and the pace of spring will accelerate northward. Next week, including the Huanghuai area, you may feel the spring-like warmth in advance.

However, cold air still frequently affects China, and many netizens spit out the rhythm of dressing.

From February 24th to March 2nd, two cold air came one after another. The temperature in 20 provinces in China was like riding a roller coaster, and the next day was like changing seasons.

In the coming week, the temperature in most parts of China will keep warming up, especially in the north, and the temperature in the northeast will be 2-4℃ higher than normal. The intensity of cold air is not strong, but it is often "guest appearance", which disturbs the warming rhythm.

Two cold air streams will affect China successively, from 24th to 25th, and from 26th to 1st March. Most of the north is greatly affected by cold air, and the temperature fluctuates, climbing from the low position to the peak and then falling rapidly; Affected by the previous cold air, the temperature in the south is at a low level in the early stage and will continue to rise in the later stage.

In the north, the temperature in Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang and other places will fluctuate around 13℃ in the coming week. Among them, the highest temperature in Harbin on the 24th is only -5℃, and it will rise to 8℃ the day after tomorrow. The temperature roller coaster stimulates the dressing rhythm in minutes. Although Taiyuan, Jinan, Yinchuan, Zhengzhou, Urumqi, Tianjin and other places are among the roller coasters, the temperature fluctuation is generally close to 10℃, which is randomly played in winter and spring.

In the south, the temperature fluctuation in Fuzhou and Hangzhou can reach 11℃. Among them, Hangzhou, affected by cold air, the temperature continued to drop over the weekend. On the 26th, the highest temperature was only 8℃, but it will soar to 19℃ on the 28th, and experience changing seasons every other day. Temperatures in Nanjing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other places began to soar on the 26th, and the highest temperature in Guangzhou on March 2nd could rise to 28℃, just like early summer.

Xiao Bian reminds that the footsteps of spring in Jiangnan and Jianghuai are also close, but it will still be affected by the cold air in the south. The warmth of spring is sometimes absent, so you may wish to take the onion-style wearing method when traveling. In the area to the north of the Yangtze River, although it is already spring, it is still far from the real spring, and there is still some time for winter clothes to go offline.

Comprehensive sources: China Weather Network, People’s Daily, Sina Weibo.

Editor: Yang Yanlin

Editor: Liao Yi

Audit: Feng Fei

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