CCTV News:Recently, the "scientific" gossip list was released in August, in which the first "African swine fever" epidemic in Northeast China was refuted, and the statement that "eating sick pork will kill you" was refuted. In addition, the statement that appendicitis is caused by exercising immediately after meals, taking "online celebrity Pill" orally can prevent sunburn and whiten skin, the low outdoor visibility in July and August in Beijing is caused by heavy pollution, and the longer the shelf life of food is, the more preservatives there are.
It is understood that the monthly "scientific" gossip list is guided by Beijing Science and Technology Association, Beijing Netcom Office and Capital Internet Association, and jointly released by Beijing Science and Technology Journalists’ Editors Association and Beijing regional websites, with the support of the Science and Technology Communication Professional Committee of China Popular Science Writers Association, China Evening News Science Editors’ Association, Shanghai Science and Technology Communication Association and Beijing Science and Technology Information Research Institute.
So, what are the rumors in the past August? The latest issue of the monthly "Science" gossip list is announced for you ↓
Myth 1
Shenyang confirmed the first case of African swine fever in China, and eating sick pork will kill you.
truth
Will not infect people, high temperature can kill.
African swine fever was first discovered in Africa as a severe infectious disease that harmed the pig industry, and originally only existed in sub-Saharan African countries. However, with the increase of trade, African classical swine fever virus is widely spread through flights or port wastes, pork and its products. At present, African swine fever has occurred, spread and spread in many countries around the world, especially in Russia and its surrounding areas. Therefore, the African swine fever discovered in China this time is probably imported from neighboring countries.
Although African swine fever is fatal to pigs, it does not infect other animals.Will not infect people.. Moreover, classical swine fever virus can be killed by high temperature, high acid or high alkalinity. for exampleThe infected pork will be killed after 30 minutes at a temperature above 70℃.Considering that the heating in pork cooking is generally more thorough than this condition, there is no need to worry.
In addition, the epidemic situation of swine fever found in Shenyang this time has been controlled, and all the pigs infected with African swine fever have been culled and buried, and the epidemic area has been blocked. There is basically no possibility of buying "plague pork" in the market, so this swine fever incident will not affect everyone’s eating pork.
Myth 2
There is a rare high temperature of 32℃ in the Arctic, and polar bears are becoming extinct.
truth
The number of polar bears is expected to be "stable to rising" in 2018.
The "Arctic" covers a large area. There are also dense forests and tundra full of flowers in the Arctic Circle, and there are big cities, pastures and farms. The high temperature of 32℃ occurred on the northwest coast of Norway, which is not the habitat of polar bears, and affected by the North Atlantic warm current, the temperature was warmer than that of the Arctic region at the same latitude.
At present, there are about 26,000 polar bears, which are divided into 19 populations. According to the data forecast as of July 2018, overall, the number of polar bears is expected to be "stable to rising" in 2018. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that polar bears are "extinct".
Myth 3
Black Heart Hotel uses flour mixed with toilet paper to make steamed bread, which is proved by video.
truth
What looks like toilet paper is actually gluten.
The video of making steamed bread with toilet paper that is wildly circulated on the Internet is similar to the routine of "noodle glue" and "floss cotton" last year. MantouzhongWhat looks like toilet paper is actually gluten.Not only steamed bread, but almost all flour products, such as bread, fried dough sticks, noodles, etc., can be washed out by this washing.This is a normal phenomenon, gluten is not harmful to human body.
Moreover, the feasibility of using toilet paper to make steamed bread is too low. First of all, the cost of toilet paper is not necessarily lower than that of flour, and making steamed bread with toilet paper does not conform to the basic common sense of economics. Secondly, the taste of toilet paper and steamed bread flour is very different, and it can be distinguished as long as it is eaten in the mouth. The main components of toilet paper are straw pulp and tree pulp, and its essence is cellulose. It looks soft, but it is not chewy. Flour is mainly starch and protein, which is easily chewed and eaten.If you really use toilet paper to make steamed bread, you will see through it when you eat it.
In fact, the "legend" of making steamed bread with toilet paper has been around for many years. The government regulatory authorities have not found the real counterfeiters, and the testing institutions have not detected this kind of steamed bread.
Myth 4
Extracting oral mucosal substances can detect children’s natural genes.
truth
It is difficult to link genetic testing with "talent"
By extracting the substances from children’s oral mucosa and sequencing the genes, we can find out some advantageous genes that children have, and then carry out targeted cultivation to make them become geniuses? The concept of "natural gene" testing first appeared in 2008. At that time, due to the hype of commercial organizations, "natural gene" testing set off an upsurge in the United States, but it was later stopped because of lack of scientific basis and unethical.
From the perspective of basic science, it is true that we can find some tendentious characteristics such as sports ability and behavior pattern through genetic examination, but it is still difficult to link with "talent".For example, sports ability is also influenced by the development of human nervous system and circulatory system; As for thinking ability and artistic comprehension ability, it will be influenced by the acquired growth environment, and it is impossible for a paper test report to predict the future of children.
Myth 5
The longer the shelf life of food, the more preservatives are added.
truth
The shelf life is related to food characteristics and sterilization technology.
The shelf life of food is related to the characteristics of food itself, sterilization technology and packaging form. For example, products such as vinegar and alcohol have a long shelf life, because these foods themselves have the effect of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. In addition, some food countries allow not to indicate the shelf life, which is also related to the characteristics of the food itself.
Some milk products also have a long shelf life, which is due to the way of high-temperature sterilization and vacuum packaging, which isolates oxygen. Generally, the shelf life of foods processed and packaged by this kind of processing is relatively long, but it is not caused by adding too many preservatives, and the shelf life of foods does not correspond to the amount of preservatives added.
Myth 6
Taking online celebrity’s "Whitening Sunscreen Pill" orally, you can gain the dual effects of sun protection and whitening.
truth
The effect is similar to eating vitamin tablets and drinking lemonade.
Whitening sunscreen pills are not drugs, but belong to the ranks of health care products. In addition, the reaction process at the molecular level of cells in the human body is extremely microscopic, not as simple as drinking water when thirsty. Even if whitening sunscreen pills can really play a role in partially inhibiting oxidation, this process is extremely slow and negligible, and it is absolutely impossible to complete it by oral health care products. Its function is similar to taking vitamin tablets and drinking lemonade, and even not as fast as some people’s own metabolism.
On May 22 this year, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned some companies that produce oral sunscreen products on the market, saying that the so-called sunscreen pills sold on the market actually have little effect.In addition, the FDA also said that it had ordered the company to stop selling these products, making it clear that they did not protect the skin.
Myth 7
You can’t do strenuous exercise after meals, or appendicitis will occur when food runs into the appendix.
truth
The theory that food enters the appendix by exercise after meals is unscientific.
The appendix is located in the middle and lower part of the intestine, and after people eat, their stomachs need more than 4 hours to be alone with food before they are allowed to enter the intestine and be absorbed. Therefore, the theory that food enters the appendix after meals is unscientific.
In addition, when food passes through the "reception" of duodenum, jejunum and ileum from the stomach and enters the cecum near the appendix, it is no longer the original shape. Food that has become mushy is unlikely to enter the appendix and block the intestinal cavity.
For the case of indigestion, even if it is not exercise after meals, strenuous exercise at ordinary times may also lead to appendicitis.
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