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What’s the difference between cherries and cherries with a price difference of 5 times？

Every year near the Spring Festival, cherries are on the market in large quantities. It has high face value, good taste, and the price is hanging most fruits, and it will occupy the hot search position on the Internet from time to time.

However, the relationship between cherries and cherries has puzzled many people, and they can’t figure out the difference between them. The price of cherries is more than ten times that of ordinary cherries. Is the nutrition doubled?

Don’t scratch your head. In this article, let’s take a look at the relationship between cherries and cherries, compare their nutrition, and finally give you some suggestions on buying.

Cherry and cherry
What’s the difference?

To explain this problem, we have to talk about the fruit trees of Prunus in Rosaceae. Among the fruit trees of Prunus, there are mainly four species cultivated in a large area in the world, including China cherry, European sweet cherry, European sour cherry and hairy cherry. Sweet cherry is mainly used as fresh food, China cherry and hairy cherry can be eaten fresh or processed, and sour cherry is mainly used for processing jam, preserved fruit and canned food.

(1) China cherry:Commonly known as cherry and small cherry, it has been cultivated for more than 3000 years, and is known as "the treasure in the fruit" and "the first branch of spring fruit". The fruit is small, round and thin, which is not resistant to storage and convenient to transport.

② European sweet cherry:Also known as the big cherry, this is the "cherry" in everyone’s mouth. The English name from cherry is Cherries, which is transliterated as "cherry".

The fruit is large, colorful, juicy, sweet and delicious, generally heart-shaped or wide-heart-shaped, and the skin is thick and resistant to transportation. Sweet cherry originated in Europe, and was formally cultivated in the 16th century, introduced to the United States in the early 18th century, and cultivated in China in the 1970s. At present, it is cultivated in Yantai, Shandong, Dalian, Liaoning, Beijing and Tianjin.

③ European sour cherry:The fruit is large, about 10mm~20mm in diameter, bright red to dark red in color, native to western Asia and the Black Sea coast. Because of its sour taste, it is mainly used for processing jam, preserved fruit, fruit juice, fruit wine, seasoning and other products, and is rarely eaten directly.

④ Prunus tomentosa:Commonly known as mountain cherry, it is widely distributed in North China, Northwest China and Northeast China. The taste is sour and sweet, and the fruit is small and spherical, with a diameter of about 1cm. There are two kinds of deep red and yellow. Careful observation will reveal that there are short hairs on the fruit.

On the whole, cherries are actually a kind of cherries, and the difference with China cherries is that the varieties are different. It’s just that people are used to calling imported sweet cherries "cherries" and domestic sweet cherries "big cherries".

Cherry VS cherry
Whose nutritional value is higher?

Since cherries and cherries are both cherries, what’s the difference in nutrients between them?

Cherry tastes good, looks good, and has a high price. Some people may wonder if the nutritional value of cherries will be higher if they spend a lot of money on fruits. There are even rumors that "eating cherries can supplement iron and vitamin C."

This may disappoint everyone. The high price is more nutritious. On the whole, there is little difference in nutrition between cherries and common China cherries.

Note: The nutrition data of cherries are from the nutrition database of the United States Department of Agriculture, and the nutrition data of cherries in China are from the Food Composition Table of China. * The dietary fiber of China cherry is insoluble dietary fiber.

-vitamin c:Neither cherries nor China cherries are ideal fruits for vitamin C supplementation. The vitamin C content of cherries is 7mg/100g, which is not as good as that of China cherries (10mg/100g), only 21% of that of oranges (33mg/100g), but better than that of apples (3mg/100g).

-Iron:Cherry fruit is dark red in color, which gives people a feeling of iron supplementation intuitively. But in fact, the iron contents of cherries and cherries are very low, which are 0.36mg/100g and 0.4mg/100g respectively, only about 1/10 of that of lean pork. It is dark red because it is rich in anthocyanins.

-Potassium:Although their vitamin C and iron contents are low, their potassium content is not bad, which is about 230mg per 100 grams. Taking more potassium at ordinary times can help us maintain the health of blood pressure and improve the myocardial contractility.

-Dietary fibre:Compared with China cherry, cherry has thicker skin and higher dietary fiber content of 2.1g/100g, which is beneficial to prevent constipation and protect intestinal health.

-Bioactive ingredients:Cherry contains bioactive components, which have antioxidant effect. Cherry is richer in content, and contains a large number of bioactive components such as phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The phenols in pulp are epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, catechin and rutin, which are all helpful to alleviate the body’s inflammatory reaction and prevent cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

In addition, both of them have low calories and are friendly to blood sugar indexes.

-Low calories:The calories of cherries and China cherries are not high, but the calories of China cherries are relatively lower, which is 46kcal/100g, only 73% of cherries. For friends who need to lose weight, you should control the cherries a little. If you eat 20 at a time, it is almost equivalent to half a bowl of rice.

-Friendly to blood sugar:Cherry’s glycemic index GI is only 22~29, which belongs to low GI food and low GL, and belongs to the fruit with low glycemic load, even if the blood sugar is high, it can be safely eaten.

However, cherries with too dark color may have a relatively high GI, perhaps reaching 63, which belongs to the fruit with medium GI. If the cherries bought are very dark, just eat a few less.

They are all cherries.
Why are cherries so expensive?

China cherries on the market are less than 10 yuan/kg, or even lower, while the price of cherries is as high as hundreds of yuan/kg, even after the price of cherries is halved, it is also tens of yuan/kg. Why are cherries so expensive?

In fact, this is not surprising. First of all, cherries are delicate, have higher requirements for the growth environment, and are somewhat difficult to grow. They grow better in places with less rain, large temperature difference and low humidity.

The climatic conditions abroad are more suitable for planting sweet cherries than in China: the summer temperature is lower, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the rain is less and the humidity is less, which is suitable for the growth of fruit trees, with less pests and diseases, sufficient nutrient accumulation and good quality.

To put it simply, cherries are not as good as China cherries, and it takes a lot of trouble, energy and money to cultivate them.

Moreover, compared with the sweet cherries grown in China, the imported cherries are generally better in taste, bigger in size and crisp and hard in texture, so many people will buy them even if the price is high.

Secondly, after all, the imported cherries are "across the ocean", and the tolls are spent a lot. Some of them are transported by sea, while others are transported by air. The price of cherries transported by sea is cheaper than that transported by air.

Taken together, it is understandable that cherries are expensive.

How to choose cherries and cherries?
Delicious and cost-effective

1 look at the appearance

Choose a sweet cherry with big head, bright color, fullness and luster and soft touch. If it looks like it’s sobbing and it’s soft to hold, it’s basically stale. Under normal circumstances, darker colors will taste better.

2 Look at Guo Bing

First of all, you should choose the green fruit handle, which is fresher. And the shorter the stalk of sweet cherry, the bigger the fruit and the sweeter the taste.

3 players feel heavy.

The edible rate of sweet cherry is positively correlated with fructose content and glucose content. Sweet cherry with large fruit and heavy hand feel has higher edible rate and sweeter fruit.

4 Look at the grade of cherry

If there is a demand for the size of sweet cherries, you can directly ask the merchant the grade of cherries. The classification of imported cherries is generally based on the diameter of the fruit, and "ROW" and "j" are used to distinguish them. The smaller the number, the bigger the fruit. Taking "J" as the standard, the more "J", the bigger the fruit.

Meaning of letters:

G=GIANT huge　

P=PREMIUM premium

S=SUPER super　

X=EXTRA extra, more

J=JUMBO is larger.

L=LARGE

Although grading can’t be completely equal to whether cherries are delicious or not, the fruit size is often proportional to the development of cherries, so it is often a simple and effective way to choose according to the size. However, the classification of sweet cherries in China is different from that of imported cherries, and the weight of single fruit is often used as the classification standard in China.

If you don’t know what grade of imported cherries you bought, you can compare them with 1 yuan coins. A 1 yuan coin has a diameter of 25mm.

Cherry tastes sweet, but the price is not cheap. It is worth mentioning that potassium supplementation is ok. If you like (yǒu) and (qián), eat it. After all, it can make people feel happy, but don’t eat too much. Be careful to get fat! In addition, it is best to keep it in cold storage and clean up bad fruits in time.

Jogging is the essence of running! What about finishing the race in 5 hours and 58 minutes？

"Are you running? It’s no different from walking. "

"Excuse me, don’t occupy the runway if you run slowly."

Running slowly seems unworthy of running …

Presumably, many people will encounter the troubles mentioned above.

I always feel inferior because I run slowly.

Dare not punch in the circle of friends,

Dare not run with others,

Because I can’t keep up with their speed.

Sometimes asked 10 kilometers,

Half a horse or a full horse,

I’m afraid to say it,

Just give me a ballpark figure.

Why is this happening?

Maybe it’s because of superiority.

Fast runners dislike slow runners,

Those who have run the whole horse dislike those who have run half a horse,

Those who run half a horse first run 10 kilometers,

And those who run cross-country and dislike running on the road,

Those who have run through Tiesan dislike running cross-country.

It seems that you will be rejected at any stage,

So what if you run slowly?

There will always be someone who runs faster than you.

Running has nothing to do with speed and distance.

Running is a sport that can make you change.

It can make you a better person,

It can make you more confident and optimistic.

More perseverance, stronger,

More presence, more meaning,

The most important thing is happiness!

To be a runner,

It means you want to be what you want to be,

That’s all that matters.

To be a runner,

It means that you integrate running into your life.

It has nothing to do with speed and distance!

Everyone runs in a different way.

Whether your goal is to run 5 kilometers or marathon,

As long as you run, you are a runner.

Just because you run slowly or run short distances,

I don’t think I am a "runner".

Some fast runners don’t like running with slow runners.

I think they will slow down their target pace!

However, it is not just running fast that is called running.

Running slowly can make you feel the joy of running!

Think about how you started running,

When the first running distance reaches 5 kilometers,

I feel very excited, so I can run so far;

When the first running distance reached 10 kilometers,

Will give themselves a thumbs up,

Breaking through your limits again.

Those days should be very happy, right?

But in the end,

Your running distance will not increase any more,

It’s hard to speed up any more,

So the distress came.

Why not think about your original intention of running at this time?

Think about what you are running for.

Most people should run for health,

If it’s ranking for the competition, it’s another matter.

So what’s the harm in slowing down?

And run slowly, you can live longer!

This is the Journal of the American Heart Association.

The conclusion of a study published not long ago.

The researchers followed 1,100 runners.

Like 4000 people who don’t run.

These 5,100 people are all healthy men and women.

People of all ages have it.

People who don’t run are defined as follows:

I basically don’t take part in physical exercise in my daily life.

Ten years later,

They found that runners live longer.

Generally longer than people who don’t run,

This conclusion is not surprising.

Therefore,

Some doctors suggest running slowly.

Even some retired athletes said:

“Jogging is the essence of running!"

Although you run slowly, no one can doubt your promise:

You have experienced the same challenge,

Train hard to meet your goals;

Although you run slowly, you will also be encouraged on the track.

Especially the encouragement from the faster runners;

Because "slow" is a state of mind …

Yes, even after the race in 5 hours and 58 minutes,

You can cross the finish line with a smile,

Moreover, the finished medal bites as sweet as the gold medal;

Although running slowly,

But you will also inspire those who

People who don’t believe that they can run;

Although running slowly,

But when you cross the finish line,

You will be as proud of yourself as a champion!

How many people are there in this world,

There will be many different lives.

Be calm and patient.

Think like this, not to make excuses for yourself.

Less anxiety, seize today,

Master your own steps,

Your running life belongs to you!

As long as you start running, it is success!

The murder case of Ryan boy was heard in the second instance, and the father who lost his son has not been to work for half a year.

Today (October 9, 2019) morning, Lin Jiansha was suspected of intentional homicide. The Zhejiang Provincial High Court held a trial in Wenzhou in the second instance. After the court heard it, it announced an adjournment and decided on another day.

At about 16: 00 on September 21, 2018, Lin Jiansha killed Ye Xing (a pseudonym), a classmate of Lin Yun, at Longshan Experimental Primary School in Rui ‘an, where his daughter Lin Yun (a pseudonym) attended. On March 1, 2019, Wenzhou Intermediate People’s Court sentenced Lin Jianxia to death for intentional homicide. Lin Jianxia appealed in court.

Ye Xing’s father, Ye Wanhuan, told the Beijing News reporter that during the trial today, Lin Jiansha still defended himself on the grounds that he had mental illness. However, the judgment of the first instance found that Lin Jiansha had full responsibility when committing the crime.

After the incident, Ye Wanhuan decided that Ye Xing’s body would stay in the funeral home for more than half a year, and the farewell ceremony was not held until Lin Jianxia’s first-instance judgment came out. Ye Wanhuan himself has been with you.

To this day, Ye Wanhuan is still recuperating and has not continued to work. He still needs to take a break.

Lin Jiansha was at the scene of the first trial. Photo courtesy of Wenzhou Intermediate People’s Court

The suspect retaliated because of the small friction between his daughter and his classmates.

After Ye Xing was killed, rumors spread quickly in Ryan, thinking that "Ye Xing bullied the campus first, and then things happened".

"He is very good, and there is no bullying on campus. He is a good boy and many students like him very much." Ye Wanhuan explained repeatedly, but rumors still swept like a flood. Ye Xing’s death has brought a heavy blow to Ye Wanhuan’s family, and rumors are another blow.

What made Ye Wanhuan collapse the most was that Ye Xing’s body had just stopped at the funeral home for a few days. In the bustling crowd at the entrance of the mourning hall, he heard someone saying loudly that "he bullied others on campus". He rushed into the crowd to get justice, and finally went to the police station.

But in fact, in the first-instance judgment, Lin Yun said that Ye Xing suddenly turned around and hit himself in the eye through his exercise book. The English teacher told the head teacher, Miss Bai: "Miss Bai criticized Ye Xing and made him apologize to me."

The judgment of the first instance shows that the court held that Lin Jiansha was resentful because of the small friction between her daughter and her classmates, and took revenge. She brutally killed her daughter and classmates in the public toilet on campus with a knife. The circumstances of the crime were extremely bad, the consequences of the crime were extremely serious and the society was extremely harmful. It should be severely punished according to law.

In the witness testimony of the first-instance trial, Ye Xing’s class teacher, English teacher and math teacher all had the testimony that "Ye Xing didn’t bully his classmates".

Father wakes for his son for half a year.

In order to let Ye Xing leave this world innocently, Ye Wanhuan decided to bury him after the court ruled. Afraid of his son’s loneliness, Ye Wanhuan lived in the funeral home for more than half a year. He made an oath to Ye Xing’s ice coffin: "I won’t accept an apology, but I won’t hurt the Lin family."

Ye Wanhuan made a simple bed with four stools and lived in the funeral home for half a year. Screenshot of Beijing News "Our Video"

In the funeral home, Ye Wanhuan put a blanket on a wooden chair next to the ice coffin as a simple bed, completely put down his work, didn’t cut his hair or shave, became thin and vicissitudes, went home to take a bath every few days, and even dared not turn on the air conditioner in winter, for fear of affecting Ye Xing’s body.

Recalling those days again, Ye Wanhuan’s memory has been somewhat blurred. He used "chaos" to describe it. He didn’t remember what time he got up, what he ate and what he did.

When he can’t sleep at night, he will sit next to the ice coffin for a while, look at the photos of his son over and over again, and want to get along with the details of his son over and over again.

In the days of the funeral home, several high school students often come to accompany Ye Wanhuan, or discuss the case, or cheer up, or do nothing and sit quietly with him for a while.

Ye Wanhuan’s good friend Sun Jiaming has also been there several times. Sun Jiaming told the Beijing News reporter that before the accident, the two families lived upstairs and downstairs, and Ye Jia’s express delivery was often sent to Sun Jiaming’s home. Ye Xing often went to his home to eat and take the express delivery.

Father can’t go to work because of grief.

After Lin Jiansha’s first-instance judgment came down, Ye Wanhuan read the original judgment word by word in front of Ye Xing’s ice coffin. "Sentenced him to death, the law has returned justice to us. Next, let the children be buried." He cut his hair and shaved, and found someone to calculate the date.

Ye Wanhuan once refused to get a haircut and shave after Ye Xing died. Screenshot of Beijing News "Our Video"

197 days after his death, Ye Xing’s farewell ceremony was held.

Six or seven hundred people came to the farewell ceremony one after another. In addition to relatives and friends, there were also his former principal Xie Hua, teachers, classmates and parents, and people from all walks of life. The venue was not enough. Someone stood outside the window holding a white chrysanthemum and quietly sent him the last trip.

Ye Xing’s elder sister is in the third grade of Rui ‘an Middle School, with the highest grade, and her second sister is in the sixth grade. After Ye Xing’s accident, Ye Wanhuan obviously felt the changes of his two daughters: "The eldest brother is 16 years old, very sensible, and has always comforted us. His grades have plummeted, and the qualifications for enrolling students in advance are not enough. The second child has become quiet and will not be spoiled as before." He said that the biggest fear is that he can’t see the emotions. He is worried about the psychological problems of the two children, but he doesn’t know how to talk to them.

After Ye Xing ‘an was buried, everything about him at home was received in the box, and the family could not bear to throw it away or look at it again. The photo originally hung on the wall was also taken off. My mother always looked at his photo quietly on her mobile phone, and the two sisters were careful not to talk about it and stopped frolicking.

"To be honest, as a father, no matter what happens, I have to deal with it." Ye Wanhuan said that during the wake of the funeral home, he saw many separations between life and death, understood that life was so fragile and gradually calmed down. "There is nothing to ask, just want to let the two daughters grow up healthily."

After the judgment of the first instance, Ye Wanhuan tidied up his appearance again, hoping to send Ye Xing the last journey with dignity. Screenshot of Beijing News "Our Video"

The Beijing News reporter asked Ye Wanhuan, do you still plan to go back to work? He smiled wryly and waved his hand. "I can’t go to work now. Let’s take a break, adjust my mood and take care of my parents." He said that Ye Xing will always have a place in his heart, and no one can replace it, nor will he look for a substitute.

Beijing News reporter Zhang Tong

Editor Guo Chen

Proofread Li Xiangling

Reporting/feedback

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology： Severely punish the fraudulent behavior of new energy vehicles and standardize the order of industrial development

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, after the Ministry of Finance publicly exposed some typical cases of serious "fraudulent compensation" of new energy vehicles to the public in September 2016, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the administrative punishment decision on Suzhou Jinlong and other enterprises on the portal website on December 20, and gave four enterprises involved in "having a license but no car" such punishment measures as "ordering to stop producing and selling problem models, suspending the application qualification of new energy vehicle recommendation catalogue, and ordering to carry out rectification for six months".

　　Since then, the relevant departments in charge of the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in China have made a clear decision on the handling of the "fraudulent compensation" incident of new energy vehicles that the society is concerned about according to their own functions, conveying the attitude and determination of the state to attach great importance to and seriously deal with the "fraudulent compensation" incident of new energy vehicles, and standardizing the development order and improving the development environment through special rectification work and further improving policy measures and supervision mechanism.

　　First, the central and local governments should work together to seriously deal with the enterprises and relevant personnel involved.

　　How to deal with the "fraudulent compensation" incident of new energy vehicles in China has been highly concerned by the whole society and even the international automobile industry since the incident was exposed in January this year. the State Council attaches great importance to it and demands serious investigation and punishment of fraudulent compensation. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance and other departments and local governments have joined forces to carry out comprehensive and thorough special inspection actions, severely punish enterprises that find problems according to laws and regulations, not only expose the enterprises involved and relevant personnel, but also give punishment measures such as recovering "fraudulent compensation" funds, imposing fines, canceling the qualification of financial subsidies for new energy vehicles, canceling/suspending the production qualification of enterprises and announcing catalogue models according to the seriousness of the circumstances. Those who violate the law shall be investigated for legal responsibility according to law.

　　The ministries and commissions will work together to seriously deal with the enterprises involved. From February to March this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance and other four ministries and commissions jointly carried out special inspections on the implementation of the promotion and application of new energy vehicles and the management of the use of financial funds. In late March, Miao Wei, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, publicly stated that the "fraudulent compensation" behavior of new energy vehicles should be dealt with seriously and found to be disposed of together. On March 25th, the CCTV news channel "Chao Wen Tian Xia" reported the investigation of "fraudulent compensation" of new energy, focusing on the alleged "fraudulent compensation" of Suzhou Jim West. At the beginning of September, the Ministry of Finance exposed some typical cases of serious "cheating" to the public. On December 20th, the portal website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued a decision on administrative punishment for Suzhou Jinlong and other enterprises. The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology have successively issued punishment documents for new energy automobile manufacturers involved in the problems of "no car with a license", "car without electricity" and "inconsistent logo", among which Suzhou Jimixi, who has the most serious fraud, was given the punishment of "canceling the qualification of vehicle production". This is the first enterprise whose production qualification has been cancelled since the implementation of the vehicle production enterprise and product announcement management system. The above measures highlight the country’s rectification of the field of new energy vehicles.Cheat "problem, the determination to standardize the development of the industry.

　　The local government followed up and investigated the responsibility of the relevant personnel according to law. In addition to the serious handling of the enterprises involved at the national level according to law, the local government subsequently initiated legal procedures to investigate the responsibility of the relevant personnel according to law according to the verification results. According to the inspection results of the Ministry of Finance, Jiangsu Province further verified and implemented the responsibilities of relevant functional departments and staff, and the personnel involved were handed over to procuratorial organs, public security departments and administrative supervision departments; Responsible persons of relevant enterprises and government workers suspected of committing crimes shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; According to the law, arrest the relevant personnel of Suzhou Public Security Traffic Police Detachment Vehicle Management Office who are suspected of abusing their powers, and arrest the relevant personnel such as Yang Level, the actual controller of Suzhou Jim West Bus Manufacturing Co., Ltd. who are suspected of fraud; The relevant personnel of Suzhou Jinlong were dismissed and transferred.

　　Second, carry out special rectification, and the industry shows a good development trend.

　　If the purpose of severely punishing the cheating behavior of new energy vehicles is to eliminate the "black sheep" in China’s new energy vehicle industry, then the special rectification work after the special verification will undoubtedly play a positive role in standardizing and promoting the development of new energy vehicles in China. Based on the development of new energy vehicles in China this year, after this round of rectification, the development of the whole industry has been gradually standardized, enterprises have paid more attention to technological innovation, and the market has maintained steady growth. China’s new energy vehicle industry has entered a more rational and healthy development stage.

　　Relevant enterprises actively carry out rectification. Since the special rectification work was carried out, most enterprises that have been punished have set up special rectification teams to carry out comprehensive rectification work. First, pursue the responsibility of the responsible person who caused the problem vehicle; Second, return the financial pre-allocated funds and pay the fine according to the prescribed procedures and requirements; The third is to replenish or replace batteries, motors and other parts for vehicles with problems of "lack of electricity in vehicles" and "inconsistent signs" to make them meet the requirements of product consistency; Fourth, take practical measures to promote idle vehicles to put into actual operation; Fifth, earnestly implement the provisions of vehicle production, strengthen the consistency of product production and the management of motor vehicle factory certificate; Sixth, standardize financial management procedures. At the same time, relevant departments of Chongqing, Zhejiang and other local governments have strengthened the supervision of problem enterprises and urged enterprises to speed up the implementation of rectification requirements to ensure that rectification is in place.

　　Strengthen the supervision and inspection of new energy vehicles. From November 21 to 25 this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology entrusted experts from the Automobile Association and China Automobile Technology Center to supervise and inspect the production behavior of new energy automobile manufacturers, and conducted on-site inspections on enterprises such as Xiamen Jinlong, Xiamen Jinlv, BYD, Zhongtong Bus, Anhui An Kai and Chery Automobile. The expert group conducted a comprehensive inspection of the certificate management, spare parts procurement, production inspection and financial management of the enterprise by means of seminars and random sampling of sample cars, focusing on checking whether the certificate management is one car and one certificate, and whether it is in compliance, and checking the vehicle products randomly to see that they are consistent with the announcement parameters.

　　Enterprises increased investment and the market developed rapidly. According to the investigation of more than 40 new energy vehicle manufacturers by China Automobile Association and China Automobile Technology Research Center, it is found that enterprises have generally increased their investment in technology research and development, operation management and quality assurance, accelerated product upgrading, and enhanced their research and development capabilities. Most enterprises have established a monitoring platform for the quality operation of new energy vehicle products. The energy density of lithium-ion power battery reaches 220 WHr/kg, and the system price drops to 2 yuan/WHr. The power density of the driving motor exceeds 3 kW/kg, which is basically equivalent to the international level; The charging efficiency, power density and output voltage range of the fast charging system have been steadily improved, and the functions of dual-gun charging and mobile payment have been realized, and the cost has decreased by more than 30% compared with 2015. From January to November this year, the production and sales of new energy vehicles reached 427,000 and 402,000 respectively, up by 59.0% and 60.4% respectively, and remained the first in the world.

　　Third, improve measures and mechanisms to standardize the order of industrial development.

　　While rectifying China’s new energy vehicles, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance and other departments in charge of the promotion and application of new energy vehicles have adjusted subsidy policies, strengthened supervision, and further improved the policy environment for industrial development.

　　Adjust the financial subsidy policy. In view of the problems exposed in the special inspection, such as excessive subsidy standards for some vehicles, excessive dependence of enterprises on subsidy policies, low technical performance of subsidized new energy vehicles and low actual utilization rate of some vehicles, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other four ministries and commissions put forward a plan to adjust and improve the subsidy policies for new energy vehicles on the basis of consulting relevant enterprises and third-party institutions. First, on the premise of maintaining the overall stability of the subsidy policy from 2016 to 2020, appropriately adjust the subsidy methods for passenger cars and special vehicles, raise the technical threshold, encourage technological progress, set the upper limit of central and local subsidies, and prevent the phenomenon that the local supporting subsidy standards are too high. The second is to improve the allocation method of subsidy funds. From 2016, the subsidy funds for the purchase of new energy vehicles will be changed from pre-payment to post-liquidation, and the review and promotion of local fund application reports will be strengthened. Third, in combination with industrial development and technological progress, we should appropriately raise the requirements of recommended catalogue models, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism, and give full play to the guiding role of subsidy policies in helping the excellent and the strong.

　　Improve the entry threshold for enterprises. As the competent department of industry, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology revised the Regulations on the Access Management of New Energy Vehicle Manufacturers and Products, strengthened safety requirements, raised access thresholds, and curbed the disorderly development of the industry. At present, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has reviewed and approved the Regulations on the Administration of New Energy Vehicle Manufacturers and Products Access, which will be officially released in the near future. The new regulations improve the entry threshold from the aspects of enterprise design and development ability, manufacturing ability, after-sales service ability, product technical performance and quality assurance ability, and strengthen the safety supervision requirements, which can effectively improve product quality and safety level.

　　Improve the supervision and management mechanism. In order to ensure the implementation of national policies, prevent the recurrence of "fraudulent compensation" and effectively promote the healthy and sustainable development of new energy vehicles in China, we should improve three major guarantee mechanisms: first, establish a real-time adjustment mechanism for subsidy policies for new energy vehicles, increase the assessment conditions for linking vehicle mileage with subsidies, improve the technical conditions of subsidized vehicles, appropriately reduce the subsidy amount and promote the application of vehicles according to technological progress and market conditions; The second is to establish a real-time monitoring mechanism for the operation of new energy vehicles, improve the monitoring platform at the central, local and enterprise levels, ensure the safety of vehicle use, and strengthen the assessment of vehicle use; The third is to improve the supervision system after the event, implement a unified coding system for power batteries, strengthen market sampling verification of new energy automobile products, and increase penalties for violations of laws and regulations.

New Year’s Day Stick to ｜ Ice and snow oil, the most beautiful ＂scenery＂ color

December 31st, Daqing, Central Broadcasting Network (Reporter Pang Miao correspondent Quan Panfeng Jing Li) On December 30th, the first day of the New Year’s Day holiday in 2024, the ninth day of the cold winter, the gloomy weather that was about to snow made the deep winter at minus 20 degrees Celsius in Daqing even more chilly, dripping into ice and blowing into frost.

Li Yusheng, captain of GJ32008 Team of Drilling Technology No.1 Company, and Xin Fusheng, the driver, connected the well water pipeline (photo taken by Yang Guangwang Faquan Panfeng).

Celebrating the New Year’s Day, the South Second Block of the Second Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield is full of noise and excitement.

At 10 o’clock, the whistle of the drilling rig of No.30130 drilling team of Daqing Drilling Company II pierced the sky, the steel and iron on the drilling floor collided, the "Hi Yo" sound of the driller screwing the threads staggered, and white steam burst out from the drilling floor, mud tanks and other places from time to time. Busy "Oil Red" and the cold of Saibei played the winter battle song of grabbing oil and gas.

Hou Jianhui, the 30130 drilling team of Drilling Company No.2, is in the tight lifting ring (photo taken by Yangguang. com)

"Yi Yi hydraulic tong, don’t let the telescopic cylinder freeze!" The driller Xia Zhong held the operating lever in his hand, stared at the flying drill pipe and shouted at the drill floor.

Zhang Dalong, the mud squad leader of the 15170 drilling team of the second drilling company, used steam to preheat the vibrating screen valve (photo taken by Yang Guangwang)

The 30130 drilling team is drilling, and if the hydraulic tongs are not operated for a while, the telescopic cylinder may freeze, so it needs to be heated frequently.

Zou Qingdong, an embedded worker, rubbed the cylinder with steam, but the mud ideas on his face were not wiped off. His hat, eyebrows and beard were covered with fog and frost, and his cheeks were red with cold. I don’t know if it was fog or sweat, and he was "teetering" on his nose tip.

After heating, Zou Qingdong skillfully operated the hydraulic tongs, and worked together with the external fitter and the site worker to make a single joint operation, with tacit cooperation and in one go.

On the drill floor, everyone is in full swing, and the drill floor is also busy.

Ren Baolei, the floorman, kept cleaning the cuttings at the outlet of the vibrating screen with a shovel, Jason, the driller, cleaned the thread of the drill pipe, and Zhang Mingrui, the vice captain, came down from the rig floor and ran back …

At this time, the whistle of several drilling rigs not far away fluctuated and intertwined, as if blowing the horn of the competition.

Changyuan area of anniversary Oilfield is a ballast stone with a capacity of 40 million tons, and the Second Oil Production Plant, which is located in a key position, is also the main battlefield for anniversary Drilling at the end of the year. After the project started on November 27th, they need to complete the production tasks of more than 300 wells by the end of December.

Time is productivity, and speed is efficiency.

Daqing Drilling took advantage of integration, deployed 60 drilling rigs in a few days, implemented industrial drilling, optimized operation and made overall progress, and completed two-thirds of the tasks in just over 20 days. New Year’s Day is approaching, some drilling rigs are scrambling for the last well location, and some drilling rigs have moved to the southern block adjacent to the north side, starting a new attack.

At 11: 40, the 15170 drilling team, 2 kilometers away from the 30130 drilling team, was waiting for the solid surface. Although it is waiting, the scene is just like "fighting". The duty room will discuss the speed-up method, install well sealers, place drilling tools, steam clean drill pipe threads, and carry lime powder …

Li Xiaodong, the driller of the 15170 drilling team of the second drilling company, tightened the screw of the hydraulic relief valve (photo taken by Yang Guang Net)

"Hey … push!"

Li Xiaodong, the driller, and Shi Liujun, the lead tong man, crouched slightly on their sides, holding wrenches to tighten the screws of the hydraulic relief valve. Li Xiaodong’s eyes narrowed into a crack and his lips were slightly parted, as if there was a "rope" that brought his eyes, nose and lips closer. Jiang Kailong, a site worker, and Xi Wei, a derrick worker, use tools to tighten the drill pipe to prevent it from falling. Technician Cheng Ran is checking the breathing ports of diesel engine and generator to ensure the smooth operation of the equipment.

After busy here, Cheng Ran, Zhang Dalong, Li Xiaodong and Xi Wei began to tidy up the well site, and jointly moved the short casing to the tool sledge for positioning and placement, which was convenient for management and measurement. They seize all the time to do a good job in site standardization, construction standardization and militarization of life, improve management effectiveness, and provide strong support for speeding up and improving efficiency.

"Captain Li, you are just in time!" Kong Fanjun, secretary of the 15170 drilling team, saw the cementing team arrive and marched past.

Drilling speed-up is related to productivity construction and high-quality development of enterprises, and Daqing drilling takes it as a key task from top to bottom. Therefore, the integrated operation of this company has achieved overall deployment and unified command, realizing the close connection of various production processes and efficient operation of production organizations.

Li Yusheng, captain of GJ32008 Team of Drilling Technology No.1 Company, and Xin Fusheng, the driver, connected the well water pipeline (photo taken by Yang Guangwang Faquan Panfeng).

Li Yusheng, the 55-year-old captain of GJ32008 team, and Xin Fusheng, the 57-year-old driver, got off the bus, and they carried a hundred kilograms of heavy cementing water pipelines, connecting cementing water pipelines, ash injection pipelines, putting rubber plugs and pressure testing. They were as busy as a bee.

Hard work and hard work are the characteristics of Daqing petroleum people. At the critical moment, cadres should keep an eye on the scene.

Zhang Mingrui, vice captain of the 30130 drilling rig, was busy at the well site. Kong Fanjun, secretary of the 15170 drilling rig, and Cao Libin, vice captain, put the physical strength and organization of cementing captain Li Yusheng, who was 1.65 meters tall, ahead … And Zhao Jianwei, the captain of the 15148 drilling rig, was staring at the key links of the solid oil layer, took time to drive between the old well site and Araiba many times, and finally stationed his station in the center of several wells.

Running, shouting, nervous and busy, the well site painted a special "scene" of ice and snow.

At 16: 00, the twilight darkened, the lights on the well site brightened, and the whistle of vehicles, the roar of drilling rigs and the shouting of oil people were heard.

This kind of ear not only resounded in Songliao Basin, but also echoed in the hearts of hundreds of Daqing drilling teams and tens of thousands of drillers who fought in overseas markets such as Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Sudan all the year round, and in domestic and external markets such as Xinjiang, Sichuan, Chongqing, Shaanxi and Shanxi.

In 1929, I held my hand in my arms, but I couldn’t get rid of the stick in 3949.

The extremely cold and deep winter at MINUS 30 degrees Celsius is getting closer and closer, and the pace of the 2024 New Year is getting closer and closer. The pace of oil people moving by oil and fighting for oil is still persistent.

They always stick to the wind, frost, snow and rain, the heat and the cold wind, the responsibility of an oil man’s mission, the struggle to live up to their youth, and the loyalty to make oil and serve the country.

For more exciting information, please download the "Yangguang. com" client in the application market. Welcome to provide news clues, 24-hour hotline 400-800-0088; Consumers can also complain online through the "Woodpecker Consumer Complaint Platform" of the Central Broadcasting Network. Copyright statement: The copyright of this article belongs to Yangguang. com and may not be reproduced without authorization. Reprint please contact: cnrbanquan@cnr.cn, we will be held accountable for the behavior that does not respect originality.

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The 23rd Yunnan local film screening and promotion activity was held in Kunming.

　　Yunnan Net News (Reporter Li Xilin) On December 13th, the 23rd Yunnan local film screening and promotion activity was held in Kunming, and the film "Anger Pursuit" was launched. More than 100 experts and scholars in Yunnan film industry, members of the provincial film association and fans attended the event.

Photo courtesy of the movie scene

　　The film Anger Pursuit was produced by Yunnan Dayi Tiancheng Film Co., Ltd., directed by Zhou Jing, with Liu Jie and Wang Xuhan as the chief producers and Wang Hongbin as the artistic director. The story takes place in a seemingly calm old city, and the dark forces are ready to move. In an operation, Lin Yuan, a member of the special forces, made a mistake, which led to the failure of the mission and eventually led to the sacrifice of all his teammates. Since then, Lin would like to live in seclusion in City A, run a watch repair shop, and establish friendship with the little girl next door. With the reappearance of the dark gang, Lin Yuan launched a new rescue operation.

Photo courtesy of the movie scene

　　In the film, the hero "Lin Yuan" is played by Wang Yutian, who won the Best Newcomer in the 34th Hundred Flowers Award for his role of "Zhang Tiande" in Operation Red Sea. His handsome and tough image and superb acting skills left a deep impression on many audiences. Zheng Yingxian, the actor who plays "Abortion", is no stranger to the audience. She has appeared in many popular TV dramas such as Dear Children. The villain "Xiong Zhiwei" in the film is played by the old drama teacher Xu Shaoqiang, and his participation also contributes to the quality of the film.

Photo courtesy of the movie "The Pursuit of Anger"

　　After the movie, the creative team of the film "The Pursuit of Anger" communicated with the audience. The film experts at the scene affirmed the production level of the film. They said that the film not only has a thrilling contest between good and evil, but also has a fascinating affection infection, and also gave the audience a profound reminder on the social hot spot of "child abduction".

Photo courtesy of the movie "The Pursuit of Anger"

　　It is reported that the movie "The Pursuit of Anger" was launched on the platform of iQiyi’s "Cloud Cinema" on December 10th, and it ranked first in the movie-watching chart of iQiyi’s "Cloud Cinema" that day, with a score of 8.2 points.

On the Nine Identities of Women in China

China women’s wealth is constantly increasing, but they have neglected their own bodies and psychology.

Text/Ba Jiuling (WeChat WeChat official account: Wu Xiaobo Channel)

Today is March 8, 2023 and the 113th International Women’s Day.

In the past few years, the power of women is getting stronger. According to QuestMobile data, in January, 2023, the average time for female users in China to use the Internet rose to 163.6 hours/month, exceeding the average level of the Internet. About 30.7% of women spend more than 2,000 yuan/month online, and the proportion of women with high willingness to spend is significantly higher than that of men. At the same time, in industries with high concentration of men such as smart cars, sports information and live games, the proportion of female users is also increasing.

Women’s brilliance in various fields stems from the improvement of wealth level to some extent. According to World Bank data, the proportion of female labor force in China has been stable at over 60% in recent years, far higher than the global average. A higher labor participation rate also means a stronger economic foundation and a higher potential for wealth appreciation.

Therefore, the Xiao report team launched the report "Three Dimensions of Women’s Health". Taking wealth as the breakthrough point, we analyzed the economic, psychological and physiological situation of women. From the data dimension, we define China women as nine roles, which are as followsWealth creators, financial decision makers, cautious people, oppressed people, helpless people, disappointed people, emotionally trapped people and people who like themselves,Explore the changing process of women’s roles in China with you.

Wealth and health

1. wealth creators

In 2025, the scale of women’s financial management in China is expected to exceed 100 billion.

According to the calculation of Boston Consulting Group (BCG), by 2023, the wealth of women in Asia excluding Japan will increase by 10.4% every year to 19.31 trillion US dollars. According to the proportion of the working population, the wealth of women in China is expected to reach 15.16 trillion US dollars in 2025, equivalent to more than 100 trillion yuan, with a compound annual growth rate of 9.92%.

2. Financial decision makers

35.6% of China women dominate family financial management, which is higher than that of men.

Fidelity International’s research shows that the proportion of women participating in family investment decision-making in mainland China is quite high, reaching 73% in 2021, which is higher than that in China, Hongkong, Japan, Britain and other developed regions. Moreover, women in China often play the role of decision makers in family financial management. The White Paper on the Development of National Finance and Business Education 2021 points out that the proportion of married women who dominate family financial decision-making reaches 35.6%, while that of men is 31.1%.

Step 3 be cautious

Women pay more attention to risk aversion and prefer bank financing.

The White Paper on National Finance and Business Education published by the National Finance and Development Laboratory of China Academy of Social Sciences shows that women have a higher degree of aversion to risks and a lower tolerance for losses. The data shows that compared with men, female financial managers are more willing to accept losses within 20%.

The understanding and acceptance of risks and losses determines that women are more inclined to buy low-risk wealth management products.

Women prefer stable income products in asset allocation, and are nearly 9 percentage points higher than men in the choice of bank wealth management products, but nearly 14 percentage points lower than men in the choice of stocks.

mental health

4. People under pressure

Women in China are under heavy pressure and their psychological status is worrying.

In the post-epidemic era, women’s mental health is particularly worrying. In scoring their own stress state, most participants are in a state of medium and high stress, and there are different degrees of physical and mental problems.

According to the "2022 Investigation and Analysis Report on Women’s Mental Health" published by the online survey platform of China Association for Science and Technology,In the post-epidemic era, women in China rated their psychological stress quite high, and most interviewees chose the deepest score of 8-10.

Surprisingly, among the female groups, the "post-10 s" who are under 15 years old are the group with the greatest psychological pressure.

Women’s evaluation of their own pressure is roughly as follows"The younger you are, the higher your stress score is."The trend. For example, after 60, I scored 6.68 points for my stress, and after 80 and 90, I scored 7.46 and 7.30 points respectively. After 10 years in middle school, I scored 8.23 points for my mental stress, ranking the highest in all ages.

Therefore, while caring about women’s mental health, society may be able to pay more attention to young people.

5. Squeezed person

Trapped in family and workplace, it is difficult to deal with interpersonal relationships.

Women’s stress mainly comes from work and life.

At work, the main sources of stress are: fierce competition, heavy workload and difficult interpersonal relationship; In life, the stressors are mainly economic problems, husband-wife relationship and parent-child communication.

However, whether in the workplace or at home, how to deal with interpersonal relationships is a common problem faced by women. In the workplace, both men and women have to face the test of the relationship between colleagues and superiors. However, within the family, women, as wives, mothers or daughters-in-law, usually face more and more complicated interpersonal problems-such as mother-in-law problems and parent-child communication.

6. The helpless

Self-relieving stress is the mainstream, and only 3.46% people turn to professional institutions for help.

In the face of psychological pressure, women are most inclined to relieve themselves by listening to music, self-regulation and exercise. Only 3.46% of women will seek professional help.

In the face of pressure, fewer women choose professional support such as psychological counseling. On the one hand, women are still influenced by tradition, and most of them will choose to adjust themselves in the way of self. On the other hand, the public lacks knowledge of psychological counseling, and popular science propaganda is not in place, so there are some misunderstandings about psychological counseling.

Therefore, the society needs to improve the way and frequency of popular science propaganda, constantly update and upgrade the knowledge system, build a professional popular science platform, and promote the landing and dissemination of health knowledge. And the public itself-both men and women-should also seek the help of professionals when it is difficult to comfort themselves.

Physical health

7. Disappointed people

Poor skin condition is the most disappointing physiological performance for women.

Comparing the women’s health expectation value with the self-rating of health status, whether it is the overall situation or physical health, mental health, diet, sleep, oral cavity, skin and exercise, the reality is far from ideal.

On the whole, women’s expectation for health is 8.04, but their self-rating is only 6.29.Among them, the three lowest self-scores of women are sports, skin and mouth.Skin is one of the most disappointing parts for women. The expectation value of female group for "skin" is in the middle of each sub-item, which is 8.48 points, but the self-evaluation of "skin" is only 6 points, almost failing, which is about 2.5 points away from the expectation value.

8. Emotionally trapped people

Women’s mental problems are few, but they cover a wide range.

At the beginning of 2022, Dr. Lilac investigated the health problems faced by different sexes. Among them, the TOP 5 health problems faced by women are emotional problems, poor skin condition, poor figure, poor sleep and eye problems.

After slightly classifying the 23 listed health problems, we found that:

① Although the number of mental problems faced by women is small, they cover a wide range. Half of them are facing emotional problems, and a few people are mentally worried that they have various diseases.

② Appearance problems are bothering women. Among the health problems of TOP5, those with poor skin and poor figure rank high, with 46% and 44% of women suffering from them respectively. In the male population, only 28% and 39% people are troubled by skin and figure.

9. People who like themselves

The attention of HPV vaccine and medical beauty has increased, and women are willing to spend money for themselves.

Nowadays, women are willing to spend for health and beauty, including but not limited to vaccination and consumption of medical beauty projects.

According to Dr. Lilac’s 2022 National Health Insight Report, the vaccine that women are most concerned about is HPV vaccine, and its attention is higher than that of COVID-19, influenza, hepatitis B and other vaccines. Although it is difficult to make an appointment and expensive to vaccinate HPV vaccine, the vaccination rate of HPV vaccine among school-age women in China is less than 1%, and the "disease anxiety" caused by the high incidence of cervical cancer still makes school-age groups pay considerable attention to HPV vaccine.

At the same time, female consumers’ awareness and acceptance of medical beauty continues to increase. All kinds of medical beauty projects are mainly applied to facial skin, which has many effects such as whitening and brightening, softening and smoothing skin, lifting and firming, wrinkle removal and so on. Among them, photon rejuvenation, hot Maggie and water needle have the highest attention. Fruit acid rejuvenation is more concerned in the post-95 s, and hyaluronic acid is more popular before 95.

According to the Consumption Trend Report of Optoelectronic Medical Beauty Industry in 2022 by New Oxygen Data Research Institute, Photorejuvenation of Optoelectronic Medical Beauty is the medical beauty enlightenment project of most medical beauty experts, and the total transaction amount of Photorejuvenation accounts for 90.8% in the whitening and rejuvenation photoelectric medical beauty project, and the audience is extremely high. At the same time, in 2022, the number of medical beauty consumers in China will exceed 20 million, and it is estimated that the number of medical beauty consumers in China will reach 23.54 million in 2023, and the market demand for medical beauty will be huge in the future.

tag

In recent years, the topic of women remains hot, and more and more people begin to pay attention to women’s living conditions and physical and mental health. However, when the Xiao report team made this report, it was found that the "health" that women expect is not only physical, but also more demands from the spiritual and wealth levels. They are voting for the society they expect through thinking, consumption and struggle.

First of all, women have high expectations for their own health, and in daily life, they adopt various ways such as physical examination, vaccine and medical beauty to achieve health expectations, or narrow the gap between actual health status and expected health status.

Secondly, whether at work or in life, women are in a state of medium and high stress, and their mental health is worrying. More and more women are looking for diversified ways to decompress, such as listening to music, self-regulation and exercise, and a small number of women are exploring for the help of professional psychological counseling institutions.

At the same time, the health level of women’s wealth has been continuously upgraded. Women have not only achieved the growth of economic strength and wealth scale, but also have a high degree of participation in family investment and financial management decisions.

The unprecedented enhancement of contemporary women’s concepts of physical health, mental health and financial health is essentially due to the improvement of economic ability and the unprecedented germination of self-awareness. Next, the Wu Xiaobo Channel Xiao report team will continue to pay attention to women’s topics and provide more insights.

Author | Lu hong | Edit on duty | sesame paste

Are you dizzy after reading this history？ (I)

Text/canteen

Zhang Guo sees the Ming Emperor’s Map.

Division of five dynasties and ten countries

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms refers to the five orthodox Central Plains regimes of Houliang, Houtang, Houjin, Houhan and Houzhou, and the ten separatist regimes of Qianshu, Nanwu, wuyue, Min, Nanhan, Nanping, Machu, Houshu, Nantang and Beihan.

Generally speaking, Luoyang or Kaifeng was the capital of the Five Dynasties, and it was the political power that occupied the Central Plains at that time. It came down in one continuous line and inherited the orthodoxy of the Tang Dynasty. This was the orthodox country at that time and the nominal leader at that time.

The ten countries, except the Northern Han Dynasty, were mostly entrenched in the south, which belonged to the separatist regime and were the people in various regions at that time.

So many regimes and countries are crowded in the Central Plains. This time, what a mess.

It is no exaggeration to say that the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was one of the most chaotic and divisive periods in ancient China.

And how to sort out these fifteen regimes, not to mention ordinary readers, is not clear to many history lovers.

Xiao Jiu will briefly talk about the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms in chronological order, from south to north.

Generally speaking, the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries are divided by time.

The start time is: 907 AD, that is, the first year of Kaiping (the fourth year of Tang Aidi Tianyou); The end time is: 960 AD, that is, the first year of Jianlong in Song Taizu, that is, from the Tang Dynasty in Zhu Wen to the Song Dynasty in Zhao Kuangyin, the time span is 53 years.

But in fact, this is the time from the beginning to the end of the Five Dynasties, Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou Dynasties, not the time when the Ten Kingdoms perished.

Among the ten countries, the earliest Qian Shu was founded in the second year of Tang Zhaozong Dashun (891), and the last Northern Han died in the fourth year of Song Taizong Taiping Xingguo (979), which spanned 88 years and spanned the Tang and Song Dynasties.

This is also a way to divide the time of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, which is how the famous historian Fan Wenlan divided it.

Two different division methods, the former takes the five generations as the standard and the latter takes the ten countries as the standard.

And in fact, strictly speaking, the statement of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms is not very accurate.

Because some of these regimes are not really independent countries, but a separatist force, such as Wu Yueguo.

Besides the Ten Kingdoms, there were many independent or semi-independent regimes at that time, and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period was far more than these fifteen regimes.

Ten countries are only the ten most representative and influential countries, which are recognized by the New Five Dynasties History.

The so-called Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, to put it bluntly, is just a conventional saying, which is easy to call. You can call it Five Dynasties and Eleven Kingdoms or Five Dynasties and Twelve Kingdoms if you want.

However, we don’t have to worry about these side issues, and then we will look at how the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms emerged.

Huang Chao Uprising (875-884)

Speaking of the emergence of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, I have to mention one person, Huang Chao, a famous gangster in the late Tang Dynasty!

It is said that since the Tang Dynasty Xuanzong and his daughter-in-law, Yang Guifei, had a love affair, they had hollowed out their bodies, and when the Anshi Rebellion broke out, the prosperous time of the Tang Dynasty was gone forever.

Although there were three so-called Zhongxing events (Tang Xianzong Yuanhe Zhongxing, Tang Wuzong Huichang Zhongxing and Tang Xuanzong Dazhongzhi), it was only to delay the death of the Tang Dynasty, and the only suspense was who would end the life of the Tang Dynasty.

At this time, God chose a top candidate-Huang Chao!

In fact, Huang Chao wanted to be an official in the Tang Dynasty, but he failed in the imperial examinations several times.

Huang Chao got angry and wrote two poems:

The last chrysanthemum
Until September 8th, Qiu Lai, when I bloom, all flowers will be killed.
Blooming chrysanthemums in full bloom, the fragrance of the fragrance of changan, the city is bathed in the fragrant chrysanthemum – Italy, the land is golden like the chrysanthemum – like chrysanthemum.

Title chrysanthemum
The rustling west wind is planted all over the courtyard, and it is difficult to come with cold butterflies.
If I were Qing Di in the next year, I would report it to Peach Blossom.

Two poems have the same meaning, I want to be emperor! In the Monkey King’s words, the emperor took turns to do it and came to my house this year.

It deserved the bad luck of the Tang Dynasty, and Huang Chao really did it!

In June of the second year of Tang Xizong’s reign (875), Huang Chao took part in the Wang Xianzhi Uprising. Three years later, Wang Xianzhi died and Huang Chao became the leader of the rebel army.

In December of the first year of Guangming (880), Huang Chao captured Chang ‘an, fulfilled his promise and became emperor.

Unfortunately, in the end, Huang Chao was defeated. In June of the fourth year of Zhonghe (884), the uprising led by Huang Chao was put out by the Tang Dynasty.

What is terrible is that the Huang Chao Uprising is the most typical peasant mobile operation in the history of China.

The fighting scope of Huang Chao Uprising Army spanned the north and south of the great river, passing through eleven provinces and cities such as Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei and Shaanxi.

Huang Chao uprising situation map

Such a large range of activities, let alone rebellion, even demonstrations, this appearance is too scary.

As a result, the Huang Chao Uprising dealt a fatal blow to the Tang Dynasty politically, militarily and economically, and greatly subverted the ruling order of the Tang Dynasty.

After my defeat, flowers blossomed. After Huang Chao’s death, Li Keyong, An Chongrong and others who suppressed him became the bosses of the separatist party; His Ministry of Qin Zongquan and others continued to die in the Tang Dynasty; In addition, ministries like Zhu Wen surrendered to the Tang Dynasty and slowly accumulated their strength.

Throughout the Tang Dynasty, Li Keyong, Li Maozhen, Yang Xingmi, An Chongrong, Qin Zongquan, Zhu Wen and other places became the world’s buffer regions.

Although the Tang Dynasty put out the Huang Chao Uprising, it was still a chicken feather, leaving only half a breath.

Establishment of pre-Shu

In February of the first year of Wende (888), after Tang Zhaozong succeeded to the throne and became the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, the young man was determined to revive the glory of the Tang Dynasty.

It’s a pity that he is destined to be a unlucky man who is ten thousand times more miserable than Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty.

The stall he took over was terrible. Our local officials like Li Keyong and Li Maozhen bullied him, and eunuchs like Yang Fuguong bullied him in court. He was a puppet emperor.

Tang Zhaozong was unwilling to be a puppet. After Yang Fuguong was finished, he decided to attack the buffer region.

He gritted his teeth and stamped his feet, and formed a Central Army with 100,000 troops.

In December of this year, Tang Zhaozong set out south to crusade against Tian Lingzi and Chen Jingxuan, the separatist provinces in Sichuan.

At the same time, he sent another surrender, Zhu Wen, Li Kuangwei and He Lianduo, to form a coalition to crusade against Li Keyong, who occupied Hedong.

At the beginning of the war, the war on the western front was relatively smooth, but the commander-in-chief Wei Zhaodu was incompetent. During the campaign, Wang Jian, the Yongping army nicknamed the thief tortoise, stole the day and monopolized the military power.

Zhu Wen

The Eastern Front was even worse. Tang Jun won first and then lost. The war was very difficult and deadlocked.

In the second year of Dashun (891), in order to ensure the victory of the Eastern Campaign, Tang Zhaozong ordered to stop the Western Campaign and dispatched the Western Expedition Army to rescue the Eastern Campaign.

However, Wang Jian, who was full of wings, refused to obey, and Wei Zhaodu, the coach of the Western Expedition Army, was afraid of being killed by Wang Jian and went back to the Central Committee to reply to his life.

Wang Jian then sent troops to the border, cutting off the connection between Sichuan and the Tang Dynasty. Since then, Sichuan has become Wang Jian’s territory.

Tang Zhaozong had no choice but to admit the fact that Wang Jian was independent in Sichuan. In fact, Wang Jian started a new stove and established a political power.

In the fourth year of God bless (907), the Tang Dynasty was destroyed by Zhu Wen, and Wang Jian refused to recognize Zhu Wen. In September of this year, he officially proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of Shu.

This regime is known as the former Shu-this is the first country of the ten countries!

a host of demons dancing in riotous revelry―rogues of all kinds running wildly

Then look at Tang Zhaozong, the Central Army on the western front can’t come back, and Emperor Tang Zhaozong can only crustily skin of head and fight the battle on the eastern front.

Finally, the Central Army he painstakingly managed was defeated by Li Keyong, and Li Keyong became the final winner.

However, the biggest winner of this World War I was Zhu Wen, and Zhu Wen was Li Keyong’s sworn enemy, who encouraged Tang Zhaozong to attack Li Keyong.

However, in this campaign, Zhu Wen’s own troops did not suffer much damage, and it was basically the Central Army of Tang Zhaozong that acted as cannon fodder.

After the war, Tang Zhaozong lost even his underwear, and Li Keyong was weakened. Only Zhu Wen fishermen benefited, and gradually became the strongest Francisco in the world!

Worse still, after the failure of the East-West Line, Tang Zhaozong’s prestige was swept away, and all the buffer regions didn’t take him seriously, especially Li Maozhen, who bullied him hard.

Tang Zhaozong couldn’t bear it, so he sent troops to attack Li Maozhen. As a result, he was humiliated by Li Maozhen, and Tang Zhaozong was forced to flee from Chang ‘an.

Finally, Li Maozhen’s ally, the secretariat of Iowa, Han Jian, kept him in a dark room for nearly three years.

In the fifth year of Ganning (898), Zhu Wen occupied Luoyang, and Li Maozhen, Han Jian and Li Keyong immediately formed an alliance to release Tang Zhaozong to Chang ‘an.

As a result, once in Chang ‘an, Tang Zhaozong was bullied by eunuchs and closed the little black room.

Tang Zhaozong, as the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, was twice imprisoned under the order. How can such an emperor be called the Lord of the world? The Tang Dynasty actually existed in name only.

So the era of dancing with demons came!

In August of the first year of Jingfu (892), in the second year of Wang Jian’s occupation of Sichuan, Yang Xingmi, who started in Luzhou, occupied Jianghuai after defeating Sun Ru, the Ministry of Qin Zongquan, so he was appointed by Tang Zhaozong as our envoy to Huainan, and Yang Xingmi became the leader of the separatist party.

Two years later (902), Yang Xingmi was granted the title of King of Wu, and actually Yang Xingmi also created a political power, which was called Wu.

This regime is known as Yang Wu and Nan Wu in history-this is the second country of the ten countries.

Divide the south

In October of the second year of Jingfu (893), just the year after Yang Xingmi took control of Huainan, Wang Chao, a separatist regime in Fujian, was appointed as an observer in Fujian by Tang Zhaozong, and Fujian became the territory of the dynasty, and another regime came out.

In the fourth year of Ganning (897), Wang Chao passed to his younger brother Wang Shenzhi.

In the third year of Kaiping in Houliang (909), Zhu Wen made Wang Shenzhi the king of Fujian, and Fujian was formally founded.

This regime is called Fujian-the third of the ten countries.

In the year when Wang Chao took control of Fujian, Qian Liu, a separatist regime in western Zhejiang, was appointed by Tang Zhaozong as the town navy, and he also came up with a political power.

Portrait of Qian Liu

Two years later (902), Qian Liu became the King of Wu.

In the first year of Kaiping in Houliang (907), Qian Liu was named King Wu Yue, and Wu Yue was formally founded.

This regime was called wuyue in history-this is the fourth country in ten countries!

In the third year of Ganning (896), Ma Yin, a separatist regime in Hunan, came up with another regime.

Ma Yin is even more amazing. He is the Ministry of Huang Chao, the Ministry of Qin Zongquan, the Ministry of Sun Ru and the Ministry of Liu Jianfeng.

This is very roundabout. That is to say, there will be a ministry in Huang Chao called Qin Zongquan, a ministry in Qin Zongquan called Sun Ru, a ministry in Sun Ru called Liu Jianfeng, and finally in Ma Yin, and Ma Yin will be the ministry of Liu Jianfeng!

In the first year of Jingfu (892), Sun Ru was killed by Yang Xingmi. After his death, Liu Jianfeng went south to Jiangxi with the defeated troops. Later, the Liu Jianfeng team became bigger and bigger.

In the first year of Ganning (894), Liu Jianfeng led an army into Hunan and defeated the forces of various ministries in Hunan.

In the third year of Ganning (896), Liu Jianfeng was killed by his subordinates, and Ma Yin became the master of this army, gradually unifying Hunan.

In August of this year, Ma Yin was appointed as the secretariat of Tanzhou, sentenced to the military office of Hunan, formally separated from Hunan, and actually became a country of its own.

In the first year of Kaiping, Houliang (907), Zhu Wen named Ma Yin King of Chu, and the State of Chu was formally founded.

This regime is known as Nanchu and Machu in history-this is the fifth country in ten countries!

But that’s not all. Wang Yang, Qian Ma, can build a country, and Liu can also build a country.

In the fifth year of Tang Xizong’s reign (878), the Huang Chao Uprising Army invaded Guangzhou, and Guangzhou Tooth General Liu Qian was ordered to suppress the Huang Chao Uprising, and then he was named as a state secretariat.

In the first year of Ganning (894), Liu Qian died, and Liu Yin, the eldest son, succeeded him as the secretariat of Fengzhou, and then became a local strongman in Lingnan.

In 904, the first year of Emperor Ai Zong Tianyou’s reign in the Tang Dynasty, Liu Yin was appointed as our envoy to Qinghai, and a brand-new regime was established!

In the first year of Houliang Ganhua (911), Liu Yin died of illness, and his brother Liu succeeded him.

In the third year of Zhenming (917), Liu officially proclaimed himself emperor, changing his country name to Dayue, and the next year he changed his country name to Han.

This regime was called Nanhan in history-it was the sixth country in ten countries.

At this point, the south was divided up by these six countries.

Please note that in these six countries, everyone wiped out many forces in their own territory, and it was only after a brutal war that a country was established.

Think for yourself, how many separatist forces there were in the Tang Dynasty.

At that time, whether soldiers or thieves, as long as you can raise an army, you have the opportunity to build a country to play.

This is the status quo at the end of the Tang Dynasty. What is the Great Split? This is called the Great Split!

Southern chaos, right? The north is more chaotic, and then it’s the turn of the north, which is wonderful. Let’s talk next time.

50+ new beauty products are fighting fiercely, where is the ＂new＂？

Judging from the new products, especially skin care products, launched by major brands at the beginning of the year, they focus on the efficacy types of "early C and late A", and there is no lack of the trend of clustering online celebrity concepts and ingredients to homogenize the production capacity.

On the one hand, it is difficult to put the new regulations on record; On the one hand, big-name beauty has opened a new racing competition.

According to the incomplete statistics of the reporter of Cosmetics Finance Online, in 2022, more than 30 brands have launched more than 50 new products, expecting to usher in a "good start".

Among these brands that have launched new products, there are not only international brands such as Estee Lauder, Lancome, Saint Laurent, Frestech and Guerlain, but also well-known domestic brands such as Nature Hall, Proya, Marie Daijia, herborist and Yiyi Herbal Medicine, as well as popular new brands such as Ximuyuan, Winona, Runbaiyan, Kuadi and Yiben.

What kind of "masterpieces" will different brands launch to capture the market? From these new products, what beauty products trends can we see and what pain points can we find?

The average price is close to 600 yuan per bottle.

The essence is still a gold mine.

Among the more than 30 new skin care products incompletely counted by the reporter of Cosmetic Finance Online, the products of "essence" and "essence" are still the focus of new products promoted by major brands, and 12 brands including Estee Lauder, herborist, la roche-posay and innisfree have launched this type of new products.

From the main efficacy, most of these new essences are mainly whitening and repairing, which is the same as the efficacy advocated by the concept of "early C and late A" that exploded in 2021. That is to say, the main products are VC and VA (including A aldehyde, A alcohol and A fat), which can effectively whiten and resist oxidation, and have the effects of anti-aging and repair.

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In addition, in these new essences, in addition to the necessary components VC and VA and their derivatives, other components are mostly plant extracts, such as orchids, myrtle, Zhenye cherry seeds, Erigeron, sea lilies, Bai Lianhua, mirabilis jalapa, etc., and more attention is paid to green, moisturizing and moisturizing. Obviously, brands want to enter the consumer market in a green, healthy, efficient and safe way.

In terms of price, the average price of the new essence is 585 yuan/bottle. Among them, the prices of foreign brands such as Estee Lauder, Chanel and Ya Dun are close to 1,000 yuan, which is significantly higher than that of domestic brands, about twice as much.

Some insiders pointed out that nowadays, with the increasing demand of consumers for cosmetics, more efficient, more research and development strength, but also more expensive essence quickly occupied the minds of consumers. "For consumers, the higher the efficacy, the more popular it is; For brands, the higher the price, the more objective the profit, so it is not difficult to understand why cosmetics brands get together to launch elite products. "

Star products are upgraded again

"Classic single product" is a strategic consensus.

The continuous upgrading of star items is also a common "innovation" strategy for brands.

Among the new products launched in 2022, Runbaiyan, Estee Lauder, YSL Saint Laurent Beauty Cosmetics, and Book by Book are all upgraded in formula or packaging around star items, so as to meet the needs of consumers and expand the market with newer and more comprehensive values.

On the one hand, in the rapidly changing consumer market, various products emerge one after another, and the life cycle of products is getting shorter and shorter. It is not easy to create an enduring and attractive product. Once the same or similar products appear, the competitiveness of the original products will be greatly weakened. Therefore, we should explore from the aspects of product function, experience and personalization to create a moat of products.

On the other hand, the consumer demand is constantly changing, and products should be adjusted around the consumer demand in time to keep up with the pace of consumers. Even star items should enhance their product value and meet the needs of users so as not to be eliminated by users. In addition, the upgrade of classic items will not only help the brand to consolidate existing consumers, but also enable the brand to touch potential consumers in the promotion of new products and new functions.

"Box Set" is popular again.

Behind it is the change of new channels.

In parallel with the strategy of "big single product", the combination of "water, milk and frost" which prevailed in CS channel ten years ago has returned to the stage, but the beneficiaries of this channel have become Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker and major broadcast rooms.

This year, OLAY, Decker, Infusa, Yilian and other brands launched new products in the form of "water+milk" or "water+milk+cream".

Behind this is the change brought by brand layout new channels and catering to the sinking market.

With the rise of live broadcast e-commerce companies such as Tik Tok and Aauto Quicker, cosmetic box sets have ushered in the second spring on these live broadcast platforms. According to several live broadcast data of Tik Tok and Aauto Quicker’s Talent, the number of sets of boxes sold is considerable.

Take Tik Tok as an example, the series of gift boxes of "Afterglow Danhua", "Snow Flower Show", "Oushiman Pearl White Gift Box", "Polaiya" four-piece set of "Tightening Skin and Tightening Muscle" and "Kanshubo" with high uric acid and moisturizing face are all selling well here. The main groups of consumers are also concentrated in the sinking markets of third-and fourth-tier cities and people aged 25-35.

The core components of sunscreen remain unchanged.

But the formula pays more attention to caring skin and nourishing skin.

In addition to essence and box, sunscreen is a skin care product that consumers focus on in spring. In this year, Nature Hall, Gaozi, Anjesha, and Deke launched new sunscreen products. Although the core components of the four sunscreens have not changed significantly, they all tend to be skin-friendly and nourishing in formula.

With the gradual enhancement of consumers’ awareness of sun protection and more professional functional demands, in recent years, the development of sun protection products has shown some development keywords such as "skin care", "anti-aging" and "multi-effect". Among them, skin-care sunscreen with both sun protection and skin care functions is gradually favored by consumers.

Lipstick comes out quickly.

Silk and water are two selling points.

Even under the influence of the epidemic, many brands said that lipstick sales showed a downward trend, but in 2022, the battle of new cosmetics had to look at "lipstick" first.

Among the 16 new make-up products counted by the reporter of Cosmetics Finance Online (except for the New Year’s limit), "lipstick" is the new keyword, and nearly half of the brands have introduced lipstick, followed by foundation/air cushion/isolation, followed by eyeliner and lipstick.

In the new lipstick, there are many colors and diverse textures, and softness and moisture are two outstanding characteristics respectively.

High-end brands continue to create "spire" makeup;

More expensive price, more skin-nourishing ingredients.

When makeup is becoming a common beauty product for a new generation of consumers, it is more like a skin care product for many consumers, which is different from high-frequency cosmetics such as lipstick. A good makeup product for a make-up brand is just like a good essence for a skin care brand. It is a "spire" product that can occupy consumers’ minds, thus driving the joint purchase of other products.

It is worth noting that among the new foundations launched by major brands this time, Lancome foundation cream costs 1050 yuan/bottle, which exceeds the price of most liquid foundations. "One bottle of powder cream, half bottle of essence", this product combines foundation and essence cream, and is suitable for before liquid foundation, which makes makeup tend to skin care and skin care.

Cold thinking:

When online celebrity’s concepts and components get together,

Is the new product really "new"?

Judging from the new products launched by major brands at the beginning of the year, especially skin care products, they focus on the efficacy types of "early C and late A", and there is no lack of suspicion that online celebrity’s concepts and ingredients are clustered together and the production capacity is homogenized. Is this new product really "new" for consumers?

In today’s diverse skin care market, there is a need for many types of new products. Only by studying consumer demand and producing more diversified products that meet the real needs of consumers can brands gain more voice in the fierce market competition.

Beauty 2023： order reconstruction, change soon

The development trend of 2023 is hidden in these changes.

Author | Xie Kangyu

In 2022, the strongest beauty group is still L ‘Oreal, and the new pattern of domestic beauty is supported by Huaxi Bio, Betani and Polaiya.

In 2022, more than 30 companies got financing, and more than 20 beauty companies went public. At the same time, more than 25 brands were dim and "left", and 210,000+cosmetics companies silently "disappeared";

In 2022, the big consumer funds turned off, and the beauty financing dropped to zero freezing point in November, while the industrial funds were particularly active this year. From international giants to domestic head companies, they all went to VC and invested/acquired more than 40 projects.

In 2022, 20 international giants adjusted key personnel positions, 9 groups reorganized their businesses, 6 national cosmetics brands set up innovative positions, and successively introduced talents such as chief scientists and chief digital officers.

In 2022, nearly 20 new beauty-related regulations were implemented, and e-commerce platforms such as Taobao, JD.COM and Tik Tok also launched eight related platform specifications, which was accompanied by 433 batches of cosmetics entering the unqualified list this year. More than 400,000 cosmetics were cancelled this year and many enterprises were banned;

In the first 11 months of 2022, the total retail sales of cosmetics fell by 3.1%, which underperformed the consumer market, and the growth rate dropped to the lowest level in five years. But the good news is that with the liberalization of epidemic prevention policy, the tourism retail channels have taken the lead in picking up, and the amount of duty-free shopping on Hainan’s outlying islands from December 13 to 10 exceeded 100 million yuan for seven consecutive days …

The change and invariability in 2022 are recorded in a series of figures, which constitute the underlying development context of the beauty industry in 2022 and reveal the new trend of the industry in 2023. In 2022, the rules were changed and reshuffled. In 2023, a new order is about to be formed, and the dawn of the change will drop to.

The top ten international companies are stable, and the domestic pattern has changed greatly.

In 2022, it will be a particularly difficult year for both giants and small and medium-sized players.

In the first three quarters, nearly half of the top ten international beauty cosmetics experienced negative revenue growth. L ‘Oré al, LVMH and Beiersdorf are the few companies whose revenue growth rate is still above 10%.

Among them, L ‘Oré al has the strongest data, ranking first with sales of 197.2 billion yuan and 12% increase, while Unilever and Estee Lauder are still behind it, with growth rates of 6.8% and -3.7%.

Comparing the rankings in 2022 and 2021, we will find that the ranking of the top ten international companies has not changed much, and the top three companies are stable. European and American companies occupy the market, Japanese and Korean companies continue to decline, and Shiseido, the only Japanese company on the list, continues to decline this year.

On the other hand, the list of the top players in China has changed a lot this year. In the past, Yixian e-commerce with the highest topic fell out of the top 5, and Huaxi Bio rose from the sixth to the second. At the same time, we can see that the gap between the second and third place and the first place is further narrowing. Although shanghai jahwa still ranks first in terms of volume, its performance continues to decline, with negative growth in revenue and net profit in the first three quarters, and its market value is also shrinking.

Huaxi Bio, Betani and Polaiya have become the top three companies in the market value of domestic beauty listed companies with high growth, supporting the new pattern of domestic beauty.

It is worth mentioning that many domestic beauty cosmetics have shown strong resilience in this year’s extreme market environment. Huaxi Bio, Betani, Polaiya and Lushang Development (cosmetics business) achieved high growth of 43.43%, 37.05%, 31.53% and 44% respectively in the first three quarters, surpassing a number of international giants in terms of growth. In addition, Huaxi Bio, which ranked second in revenue, made a net profit of 677 million in the previous three quarters, becoming the most profitable beauty company in China this year.

Although the overall size of domestic beauty cosmetics is still far from that of international giants, it has formed an increasingly clear impact on international giants.

According to the incomplete statistics of China Cosmetics, there are more than 20 foreign brands shrinking the domestic market in various forms this year (withdrawing from China, closing flagship stores, closing offline stores, etc.), among which there are many brands owned by international giants, such as Snowberry owned by Procter & Gamble, Chaling owned by LVMV, and The Eastern owned by Estee Lauder, whose common problem is simply that in the crowded beauty market, there is no strong consumer who has to buy. A large number of products with effective reputation, brand mind and more cost-effective have squeezed their living space.

Under the successive defeats of these nameless brands, a series of soul interrogations that international giants can’t avoid are: where will the next increment come from when the penetration of their main brands has peaked and the channels and customer groups have become increasingly stable? After price reduction and price increase are used one after another, what is the next means to ensure growth and profit? How can we continue to maintain a high premium and avoid the price impact of emerging new brands when the big-name aura is gradually disenchanted and alternative products are constantly emerging?

Many of the problems existing in giants are more profound in domestic brands, but similarly, these problems also constitute opportunities for domestic brands.

From OEM+Marketing to Technology+Efficiency

This year, with a number of "overnight success" brands in online celebrity, the competition logic and pattern of the entire domestic beauty market have undergone earth-shaking changes.

In the past, OEM+cost-effective+fast fashion was used in products, and the way of "blood-washing" social media and live e-commerce in marketing and channels began to fail. A large number of domestic beauty cosmetics rose rapidly in the footsteps of perfect diaries, and quickly disappeared in the rapid switch from "domestic beauty cosmetics" to "negative typical".

We will find that in the changes of these two years, the story of "rising overnight" in domestic beauty products is no longer there, and there are more and more stories of "making a fortune in silence". After several rounds of big waves, many companies still remain at the poker table, even some companies that seemed to be "not beautiful enough" before. Some of them have biotechnology backgrounds and some have medical backgrounds, and many companies are marked with distinctive efficacy and ingredients.

"Effective" and genuine technology have become new competition rules in the new stage. In 2022, enhancing R&D competitiveness was put in the most important position by major domestic beauty companies.

In the financial reports of major domestic beauty companies, the proportion of R&D has been increasing, and even some of them have surpassed international giants in terms of investment proportion. Among several head companies, R&D investment accounts for no less than 2% of total revenue, and the highest R&D investment in the first three quarters of Huaxi Bio accounts for 6.42% of total revenue, while the R&D investment in Betani and Polaiya, which have the highest growth, has increased by more than 80%, which also reveals to some extent why the new pattern is made by these three companies.

Another landmark event this year is that domestic enterprises collectively introduced the role of "chief scientist". This year, five companies introduced seven scientific research-related executives. For example, PMPM also introduced Sun Peiwen, Li Jinhua and Liao Feng as chief scientific research officer, chief formula scientist and R&D partner respectively. On the same day, Shuiyang Co., Ltd. and Polaiya hired Chen Jian and Wei Xiaolan as chief scientists and chief scientific officers respectively.

In addition to enhancing scientific research strength, beauty giants have also left the scene to do VC, laying out potential opportunities through industrial investment to build industrial chain barriers. In 2022, domestic and foreign beauty companies participated in about 40 investment acquisitions, the largest of which was Estee Lauder’s acquisition of Tom Ford, and the investment amount was L ‘Oreal, with a total of 5 cases.

Domestic companies have also made frequent moves this year. After setting up their own investment companies in the past two years, they have carried out many industrial layouts respectively. For example, this year, the most action was Shuiyang shares, which acquired two foreign brands, namely Ifidan and PierAuge, and invested in two domestic start-up brands.

Different from pure financial investment, industrial investment initiated by beauty companies is not only for financial benefits, but also for the formation of industrial resource sharing and business expansion. This year, large consumer funds continue to shrink, and the takeover of industrial funds has undoubtedly injected a wave of vitality into the industry.

The underlying rules have changed.

The tide of listing and bankruptcy are two other landmark events in 2022. In 2022, more than 20 beauty companies were listed, including Shangmei Group, Juzi Bio, Fuerjia and other beauty companies, as well as upstream companies in the industrial chain such as Bai Xinglong, Zhongrong and Yaxiang Spice.

On the other hand, more than 210,000 cosmetic enterprises were "deregistered" in the enterprise registration status, and in 2022, the number of registered cosmetics-related enterprises in China also declined for the first time in the past 10 years.

This year is the most serious year for the decline of the beauty market. According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics this month, from January to November this year, the total retail sales of cosmetics was 365.2 billion yuan, down 3.1% year-on-year, much higher than the 0.1% decline in the total retail sales of social consumer goods, setting a new low in the past five years. From August to November, the growth rate of the cosmetics industry has declined for four consecutive months.

In fact, this year’s decline is a continuation of the overall decline of the industry since 2020, and this year’s black swan incident is particularly frequent. From the suspension of Shanghai at the beginning of the year to the epidemic, more and more cities have been affected. The suspension of express delivery and factory shutdown has greatly inhibited the forward development of the industry. At the same time, the cost increase brought about by the changes in global monetary policy and the constant consumption power have made the industry even worse.

In 2022, the underlying competition logic of the cosmetics industry has also undergone fundamental changes, which is largely due to changes in regulatory rules. In 2022, it is a crucial year for the implementation of new cosmetics regulations and supporting regulations, and it is also a year for the cosmetics industry to make waves.

Previously, according to China Cosmetics, in the past year, relevant departments issued and implemented nearly 20 related laws and regulations. As a whole, there are several major trends: the supervision is further tightened, the rules and standards are clearer, the punishment is more severe, and all aspects such as raw materials, production, brands and channels have been "legally followed".

From this year’s intensive punishment, we can see that five enterprises have been banned this year, and even two have been banned for life. At the same time, with the implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Cosmetics Registration and Filing, more than 400,000 cosmetics were cleared nationwide.

In addition, the entry threshold of the industry as a whole has been continuously improved. In 2022, higher requirements have been put forward for factories, brands and testing institutions. For example, production quality is no longer a matter for factories, and brands should also take relevant responsibilities.

"Inspection Points and Judgment Principles of Cosmetic Production Quality Management Standards" made it clear that brands should also participate in quality supervision, while "Qualification Certification Conditions for Cosmetic Inspection Institutions (Draft for Comment)" made clear requirements for the organization and management of inspection institutions and the qualifications of employees, and the threshold of cosmetics inspection industry was greatly raised.

In 2023, with the implementation of many new regulations, we can meet that the reshuffle of the industry will continue, a new order will be formed soon, and the whole industry will further develop in a healthy and orderly direction in the "pain" of change.

With the liberalization of epidemic control, the cosmetics industry is likely to usher in the dawn in the new year. In December, as an important business segment of many companies, tourism retail has taken the lead in welcoming good news. According to Haikou Customs data, from December 13th to 19th, the amount of duty-free shopping in Hainan’s outlying islands exceeded 100 million yuan for seven consecutive days, which brought a little warmth to the start of 2023.

Change the disk and wait for the dawn.

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