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Coffee and tea "duel", which is more beneficial to your health?

Original GlobalMD global doctors organization

Do you start your day with a cup of rich and fragrant coffee? Or do you prefer to start the day with a warm and soft cup of tea?

Indeed, everyone has different preferences. Scientists’ research has confirmed that drinking coffee or tea regularly can bring health benefits. Specific to personal health benefits, if coffee and tea "fight", who will you decide as the winner? Look at the following studies, and you may have new findings and different feelings. Pay attention to details.

Reading abstracts

1. Source of dietary fiber

Normal adults need to get about 25 grams of dietary fiber from their diet every day to maintain their best health. The fiber content of a cup of coffee is ~ 1.8g (depending on filtered coffee, espresso or instant coffee).

Drinking a cup of tea can hardly meet your daily dietary fiber requirements unless you like to chew tea.

Step 2 focus on:

Do you need to complete some intensive study or work? For example, studying for a fateful exam? Caffeine in coffee and tea will help you concentrate.

However, caffeine can improve attention and reaction time, and too much caffeine may lead to nervousness and overexcitation, which will eventually damage your mental state and performance.

According to the research data of Mayo Clinic experts, the caffeine content in coffee and tea varies greatly due to various methods. An 8-ounce cup of brewed coffee contains about 100 mg of caffeine (espresso and instant coffee are less), in contrast, an 8-ounce cup of black tea contains about 50 mg of caffeine.

Which is better, coffee or tea?

A comparative experiment invited participants to drink four cups of coffee or tea (the same amount) all day. The results show that the two drinks have similar effects on alertness and cognitive ability. However, tea has a great advantage: it can help you improve your performance without disturbing your sleep quality.

3. Beneficial effects on intestinal microflora

Coffee and tea both contain a plant compound polyphenol, which has many health benefits. The research results of British scientists show that polyphenols can reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and it is a "rocket fuel" that constitutes a beneficial microbial community in the intestine. The study also confirmed that the polyphenol content in coffee was significantly higher than that in green tea. The polyphenol content of green tea is higher than that of black tea.

4. Reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease

According to a large number of population health studies, it seems that both coffee and tea are good for the heart and can reduce the risk of heart disease or stroke. But these studies are not the final conclusion, just like exercising more or eating a healthier diet, which is better, it is difficult to judge "winning or losing".

A large number of clinical research results show that drinking tea regularly, especially green tea, will better improve blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Drinking decaffeinated coffee can also reduce the risk of heart disease.

This seems to indicate that the benefits of drinking coffee or tea to the cardiovascular system may come from other compounds besides caffeine. In any case, the health benefits are clear.

5. Reduce the risk of cancer

Many studies have confirmed that coffee drinkers have a lower risk of cancer, including a meta-analysis of 59 clinical trials. The results show that coffee drinkers have a 13% lower risk of cancer compared with people who rarely or never drink coffee. The conclusion is that people who drink coffee regularly can prevent colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, endometrial cancer, oral cancer and breast cancer, as shown below:

The American Cancer Society concluded that coffee contains hundreds of bioactive compounds, some of which have been proved to reduce inflammation, prevent cell damage and regulate genes involved in DNA repair. Whether it is cancer, obesity, heart disease or inflammation, drinking coffee is beneficial to health, even if it is not a panacea.

Up to now, a meta-analysis of 113 studies on the relationship between tea drinking and cancer prevention shows that "there is almost no evidence to support the relationship between tea drinking and cancer risk reduction".

There are more detailed explanations, including the following questions:

6. Reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

A meta-analysis of more than 1 million people found that people who drink four cups of coffee a day have a 25% lower risk of diabetes than those who drink little or no coffee every day. People who drink four cups of decaffeinated coffee a day have a 20% lower risk. Coffee is very beneficial for reducing the risk of diabetes. So, how about tea?

7. Relieve mental stress

If you want to relieve some stress, tea is the best choice. When people are stressed, drinking green tea or black tea can make them more relaxed and lower the level of cortisol (stress hormone).

To make a long story short, relax? A cup of tea is the best choice.

8. Possible potential impact on longevity

There is no definite conclusion, but observation and research show that people who drink coffee or tea often live longer than those who don’t drink these two drinks.

Who is the final winner?

In terms of your personal health benefits, who do you judge to win?

Read the original text

An unavoidable emotional problem: If you want to have a good relationship with the other half, you have to shoulder this difficulty yourself.

Today’s story comes fromCold Love Sharing Session-Issue 20. After reading it, do you have any different feelings or experiences? Please leave a message for discussion.

By cold love

Keywords: fear of marriage, but also hope to have

Q:Dear Lengda, sign up for your 20th sharing session, which happens to be my 31st birthday, and I want to take this sharing session to generate links with you.

I have been a British returnee for 7 years, and now I am working in Shanghai. My first relationship broke up in 5 years, and I have been single for 3 years.

Since the second year, I have tried blind date, and several men have a good impression on me, but they have not got to know each other further.

Perhaps it is because the age of 31 is the golden period of my career. My work has started to improve greatly this year, and now most of my life is devoted to my work.

I am not celibate, I hope to have a warm home, a caring husband and lovely children.

But my family of origin is not very happy, which has a certain influence on me, so that I have some fears about marriage and hope to have it.

Can you give me some advice? Whether you win my question or not, I am very grateful to you for providing a platform for three tickets.

I wish you peace and happiness every day.

The following is a dialogue between Leng Ai and the questioner:

Leng: The family of origin you are talking about is not very happy. What kind of state is it?

Xiao Gu: When I was 12 years old, my parents separated.

Their separation is not very smooth, that is, there are many family frictions, and my father has some emotions poured out on me.

When I was a little older, I was taken away by my mother, and I have been growing up with my mother. My father has not seen me for more than ten years.

Leng: Why do you think they are unhappy?

Gu: Because I think they quarrel a lot.

Leng: Is quarreling necessarily unhappy?

Gu: I feel this way, and I feel that it is not good to recall my childhood.

Leng: You think parents are unhappy together. Is this your opinion?

C: Maybe.

Leng: Is this your evaluation of their relationship?

Gu: I haven’t thought about this angle.

"

Cold love reply:

I am now helping you to enter a new angle.

You have always had a heavy burden because you think they are unhappy, or you think this is an unhappy family of origin.

This is your judgment on this matter.

It is you who carry such a judgment that there will be a heavy burden.

Because you think it’s unfortunate, you will be afraid of it.

However, if we look at it from another angle: are their departure and conflicts in the process of departure exactly the needs of their lives?

Perhaps at their level of life wisdom at that time, they could only do so.

Please believe that any parents have actually given their children what they can, and they have done their best at that time.

And you have resentment because you think they can’t give you something better, or you think they can’t give you a so-called happy family.

Therefore, you hold a grudge against them, so much so that you think it is a burden in your life.

However, everyone has no way to choose the family where he was born, and there is no way to decide what kind of life his parents want to live.

If we can admit it, our hearts will be relieved.

Only by not judging can we enter a brand-new life.

As the channel to lead us into this world, parents have given us the best gift, and the name of this gift is [life].

Today, 31 years ago, you came into this world through your parents. They have given you life as the best gift.

This is all they have and what they can give you.

As children, you may hate them, complain about them and be dissatisfied with them sometimes.

But what can they do at that moment?

If they can live a good life, why not?

It is precisely because of their limited ability that all they can do in that time and space background is like that.

That’s a story that has happened. It’s a movie that has been made. We can’t do anything about that movie except watch it.

Those of us who have seen this movie can only put it away, because there will be new plots in our lives.

As a child, when we understand all this, we can understand our parents.

We will no longer be afraid of the new movie plot, because we know that we are different from them today.

With such a developed social network, today you have the resources, abilities and even the ability to connect with people you want to connect with.

Your resources, abilities and wisdom are completely different from theirs.

So, you won’t repeat the same mistakes, you will create a brand-new plot of your own.

Connecting with you is also the best gift for your birthday. I hope you can find your own belonging and happiness in the future.

By this question, I want to give everyone another inspiration:

[family of origin] This topic has been very popular on the Chinese Internet in recent years, and several of my friends are studying it.

Personally, I think there are advantages and disadvantages in this topic.

The advantage of this topic is that it shows us where we come from;

The disadvantage of this topic is that because of the topic of [family of origin], people put all the responsibilities on their parents.

Therefore, I also want to make a discussion on this topic.

I want to believe that our life should live in this moment, in the present.

I think that the philosophy of life is based on understanding one’s own cause and effect, and "living in the present" is the way out.

Because parents and all the growth of family of origin are actually a ticket for us to come to this world.

However, this is only the first ticket.

And we choose to be ourselves, which is the second ticket for ourselves.

Our life should not live forever in the story of the first ticket, but should strive to create a second ticket and use it to enter our own life script.

If we don’t watch the next movie because we are afraid of the plot of the last movie, I think it is unfair to the next movie.

Because the director of each film is different.

The directors of [family of origin] are our parents, but the directors of [newly established family] are ourselves.

We have the ability, responsibility and obligation to make this film a brand-new story.

Otherwise, we will always just repeat the past.

Of course, we can study our own family of origin and know where we come from.

But our greatest attention should be to take responsibility for ourselves in this life and create our own unique plot.

Also, don’t bring the emotions and those problems in the last plot to your partner in the plot.

Because the partner, whether husband or wife, TA has no responsibility or obligation to face your past, and TA is innocent.

In other words, when we are willing to take responsibility for our own lives, we can let go of what happened in the last episode.

Because we know that we have to develop our own story responsibly.

Just like the heroine of this story, she is already in the best position.

Whether it’s the workplace, the city where I live, or starting all this by myself, I think it’s in a very good position.

She has the full responsibility and obligation to manage her own life, and does not let her innocent partner be troubled by the problems brought by her past.

This is the duty of each of us to live in the present.

When we fulfill this obligation, we will get an unprecedented right: to live the life we want without burden.

This is the meaning of the second ticket, and I really feel happy.

The illustrations in this article shall not be used for commercial purposes by any organization or individual without permission.

Visiting the First Baseball Village in China: How does a "baseball" incite rural development?

Baseball hall experience hitting baseball photo by Hu Fengsheng

Jiaxing, China, May 10 (Hu Fengsheng, Liu Mengru) Xujiadai Village, located in Lindai Town, pinghu city, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, was once a well-known pig-raising village, but now it has turned into the "No.1 Baseball Village in China". What is the development mystery hidden in it?

On May 10th, the reporter went into Xujiadai village to find the answer to the punching place of baseball in online celebrity, a remote village.

"Misplaced Development" Seeking Opportunities

The commentator explained at the baseball stadium. Photo by Hu Fengsheng

Liu Jianqun, Party Secretary of Xujiadai Village, is known as the "baseball secretary". In fact, before becoming a village cadre, Liu Jianqun worked as a professional manager for 12 years, and it was this professional experience that made him keenly capture new opportunities for rural development. When dealing with local Japanese enterprises and enterprises in Taiwan Province, China, Liu Jianqun found that baseball is a sport that many executives and employees are keen on, but because there is no venue in Pinghu, they often need to drive to Shanghai to play.

Why not seize this opportunity and aim at the baseball market? The idea took root in Liu Jianqun’s heart.

After a deep understanding of baseball, Liu Jianqun made it clear that this is the ideal direction for the development of Xujiadai Village: "In China, baseball is still relatively small, so we can’ misplace development’ and do something’ no one has me’. Since we want to revitalize the countryside, we must revitalize our characteristics." He embedded sports in rural revitalization.

In November 2018, the Xujiadai Baseball Base was completed, becoming the first "country baseball field" for young people in China that meets the standards. At the same time, Liu Jianqun traveled to Beishangguang and other places to contact and undertake baseball games. In 2019, the first event, the Yangtze River Delta Deer League Baseball Game, was ushered in, which was the first appearance of Xujiadai Baseball Base.

Since then, the village has successively hosted more than 30 national and provincial baseball and softball competitions, and has been promoted to the U10 training base of China Junior Baseball, gaining the reputation of "the first baseball village in China".

Baseball field not only enriches the daily life in the countryside, but also develops a juvenile baseball team that has won trophies frequently in national and provincial competitions. Chen Jingyan was one of the 24 players selected by Lin Dai Xiaolong People’s Baseball Team when it was first established. He was successfully selected into the main list of the National Youth Baseball Team in this year’s U15 national youth baseball team selection activity, and was also the only player finally selected in Zhejiang.

Deep integration promotes development

Visit the baseball field on the spot. Photo by Hu Fengsheng

In the changeable market environment, Liu Jianqun is more and more aware of the importance of the vertical development of the baseball industry, and set out to build a "baseball culture experience hall" to broaden the boundaries of the baseball industry in Xujiadai Village.

In order to improve the supporting facilities of baseball base, Xujiadai Village expropriated idle houses and transformed them into seven baseball theme homestays. At the same time, the first comprehensive baseball culture exhibition hall integrating baseball display and sales, product research and development, experience and entertainment will be built in China to further strengthen the baseball culture atmosphere.

Liu Jianqun transferred the idea of running a company to running a village, and established Jiaxing Country Garden Culture and Sports Tourism Development Co., Ltd. in Xujiadai Village, adopting the model of "company+social capital+villagers", allowing villagers to participate in the company’s operation and share dividends, so as to help them increase their income.

In recent years, the baseball field has continuously strengthened industrial attraction, promoted the construction of key projects such as adult baseball field and catering complex, fully activated the development potential, empowered beautiful countryside with sports, endowed the urban and rural features with beauty, and promoted the common prosperity of the United States.

Xujiadai Village skillfully combines baseball culture with rural tourism to create a village-level rural garden complex scenic spot integrating leisure sightseeing, catering accommodation, baseball games (training) and folk experience, and has successively attracted Spark Farm, Dayin Farm, Eight Bowls of Catering, Wulu B&B and other projects to enter the scenic spot to promote the deep integration of agriculture, culture and tourism.

With the baseball industry getting better and better, baseball is gradually integrated into the lives of local villagers. "We have introduced baseball into students’ daily after-school evening care, and students in evening care can practice baseball for one hour every day." Mo Yun, a member of the Party Committee of Linyi Town, introduced.

It is reported that starting from May this year, Xujiadai Village is about to enter a four-month competition season, and several competitions, such as the 2023 "Jinping Lake Cup" cross-strait youth slow softball invitational tournament, the U10 Group of the National Junior Baseball Championship, and the baseball and softball of the 10th Jiaxing Sports Meeting, are about to start fierce competition and competition in this baseball field. (End)

0-1! Arsenal made four major humiliations, leading for 248 days, sending the old champions of the Champions League to shore and winning the championship in Manchester City.

In the early morning of May 21st, Beijing time, the 37th round of the Premier League started. Arsenal, the second place in the standings, fell off the chain again and lost to Nottingham Forest, a veteran team with 2 champions league titles, 0-1 away, thus losing the game in two rounds in a row, and it was nil. The last game was defeated by Brighton 0-3. Arsenal’s defeat in this campaign directly sent the old champions of the Champions League to avoid relegation, and at the same time sent Manchester City to win the Premier League championship this season three times ahead of schedule.

After winning this round, Nottingham Forest scored 37 points, ranking 16th in the Premier League. Leeds United, with the highest score in the relegation zone, scored only 31 points in 36 Premier League games. Even if it finally tied Nottingham Forest’s points, it could not surpass Nottingham Forest in goal difference. Manchester City scored 85 points in 35 rounds of Premier League and Arsenal scored 81 points in 37 rounds of Premier League.

In this round of confrontation, Arsenal continued to expose the problem of insufficient stamina. Coach Artta showed the system of 4-3-3, with Trossat, Jesus and Saka as three strikers, Zaka, jorginho and Odegard as three midfielders, base viol, Gabriel Magalhaes, Ben White and Thomas Palthe as four defenders and goalkeeper Ramsdale. The starting lineup is worth 554 million euros. Nottingham Forest kicks 3421, and the starting lineup is led by Felipe, navas, Awoniyi and others, with a value of only 155 million euros.

Arsenal controlled the rhythm in the game, but it didn’t score points and wasted a lot of opportunities. Arsenal’s possession rate reached 82%, compared with Nottingham Forest’s shot, it was 11-6, and the shot was 3-2, which eventually turned into a bad 0-1 defeat. The only goal in the whole game happened in the 19th minute. Arsenal gave a big gift. Odegard made a mistake in the frontcourt and directly instigated Nottingham Forest’s counterattack. Awoniyi scored the ball before the high speed and pushed the goal with a single knife. Arsenal lost the game 0-1.

The offensive and defensive ends fell off the chain at the crucial moment. Arsenal’s game is the epitome of this season. The lineup system is still too tender and lacks sufficient stable support points. After losing the game, Arsenal set four big shames. First, in the face of the teams in the lower reaches of the standings, the offensive and defensive ends were sluggish, and gifts were given, and 12 shots were not collected; Second, losing in two consecutive rounds, the opponent poured four goals in a row, and at the same time received zero seal; Third, Arsenal suffered a three-game losing streak against Nottingham Forest. Fourth, Arsenal has become the longest leading team in the history of the Premier League, but it can’t win the championship. It has led the Premier League for 248 days this season, but finally it watched Manchester City win the championship.

For Arsenal, this season is still a success. They have successfully won the Champions League, and the overall progress is obvious. The team is developing in a positive direction. Coach Artta said in an interview that he congratulated Manchester City on winning the championship, and then confirmed that Arsenal’s state was really bad, and they lost the game with one goal. Even if they played for three hours, they could not beat Nottingham Forest. For the ups and downs of the team’s state, Arteta believes that the responsibility lies with himself. After 11 months of hard work and leading for so many days, it is still not enough. The whole team must cheer up.

[Hotspot Tracking] Ethical Issues of ChatGPT (Part One)

With the continuous development of language technology, people begin to worry: how to deal with the ethical issues in language technology so that everyone can really benefit from it? The artificial intelligence company OpenAI recently launched a product called.ChatGPTThe product is the latest attempt of translation and communication technology based on artificial intelligence, which makes it more and more necessary to discuss ethical issues in language technology. The language model has been hotly debated in the translation and localization industry since it came out, and language experts are trying to evaluate its impact on this industry.

This article willChatGPTThis paper discusses the ethical issues and related considerations in the application of. In addition, this paper will also discuss in depthChatGPTThe limitations and advantages in translation and localization involveCultural sensitivity1 andTranslation accuracy and other issues..

(Image source: https://www.tomedes.com/translator-hub/ethics-of-using-chatgpt-in-translation-and-localization)

I. Cultural Sensitivity in Translation and Localization

For a long time, there have been problems in the translation of cultural terms in machine translation, which involve literature and art, historical system, traditional customs, religious beliefs and other related works, as well as social behaviors such as festivals and popular phenomena.ChatGPTIs the latest language model based on artificial intelligence, which has caused a lot of hot discussions since it came out:ChatGPTCan you understand the subtle cultural differences in the text?ChatGPTRunning on neural networks, so people thinkChatGPTA text answer similar to human language is generated.

When the user inputs "ChatGPTDo you have what you need to translate the textCultural sensitivity",ChatGPTThe following answers were generated:

"Like all machine learning models, ChatGPT itself is not culturally sensitive. ChatGPT’s cultural sensitivity is based on the data it has trained. If the training data is diverse and culturally sensitive, ChatGPT can generate appropriate translations. However, if the training data is not culturally sensitive, ChatGPT may follow inaccurate translation or continue people’s stereotypes about other cultures. "

What is impressive is that,ChatGPTHave enough "self-awareness" to claim that,ChatGPTAs an artificial intelligence language model, it needs accurate training to get it.Cultural sensitivity. But it also brings a very difficult problem:ChatGPTRunning an algorithm based on input information may create content and translate text according to the subjective ideas of engineers. In fact, existing studies show that there are sexism and racial prejudice in machine translation, which is attributed to the input of information with sexism and racial prejudice in artificial intelligence model.

(Source: https://www.tomedes.com/translator-hub/goals-for-translators)

One of the proposed solutions to this problem is to inputRich corpus and cultural informationcomeincreaseChatGPTDiversity of training received. However, aboutChatGPTThe data used involves further ethical issues, and how to implement this scheme remains to be discussed. Fair use and copyright issues are at the forefront of this debate. Some people point out that obtaining such data and using it violate intellectual property law.

At present, the best choice is to adoptMachine translation post-translation editing (MTPE)ChatGPTAfter the translation, the translator edits the machine translation to check its relevance and accuracy. Since post-translation editing of machine translation has been an integral part of the translation and localization industry for decades, it has been put into practice.ChatGPTIt is not a big problem to edit after being integrated into machine translation.

In translation and localization, cultural sensitivity refers to the ability to accurately convey the subtle differences and connotations between different cultures in the text. When language experts translate one language into another, they must have in-depth cultural sensitivity, so as to ensure an accurate understanding of the context in which the text information is located, and prevent translation errors and stereotypes at the cultural level from affecting cross-cultural communication.

to be continued …

Special note: this article is only for learning and communication. If there is any infringement, please contact Xiaobian in the background to delete it.

Since the World Cup in 1974, who is the champion with the highest points and the lowest points in Brazil, which won seven games and seven wins in 2002?

First of all, explain three questions.

First, why should we start from 1974? Since the World Cup in 1974, champions have played seven games, and this situation will continue until 2022. In fact, the size of the World Cup in 1974 and 1978 was 16 teams. Supposedly, there were only six matches for the champion, but at that time, the competition system was to play the rematch group match after the group match, so there was virtually one more match than the knockout match system.

Second, the winning or losing and the integral mentioned here are subject to conditions. There is nothing wrong with the group stage, and in the knockout stage, because there may be a penalty shootout, the team that wins the penalty shootout is not a win, but a draw and scores one point. Winning in overtime can be counted as 3 points.

Third, the three-point system was only implemented in the World Cup in 1994, so before that, only two points were scored for winning a game. Here, for the sake of fairness, the World Cup before 1994 is also counted on a three-point system for the time being.

Ok, after clarifying the above three questions, we will invite the best World Cup champion in 74 years-Brazil in 2002. Where are the cows? Niu won 7 games in 7 games and took all 21 points. If the World Cup is likened to an exam, then Brazil in 2002 is a perfect score. Beating Turkey in the group stage, China and Costa Rica were just warm-ups, and beating four European teams (including Turkey) in the knockout stage in a row showed Brazil’s comfortable posture and confident temperament. At that time, the 3R group played well, and until now, it is still the most classic green group in many people’s minds.

With Brazil winning seven games as a benchmark, the other World Cup champions are more or less ashamed. The champion’s trophy is the same, but the color behind it is very different. In 74 years, Brazil not only got full marks, but also they were the only champion who got full marks.

So, who is the champion with the least points in 74 years?

In fact, how can the team that won the championship have too few points? At least you can’t lose too much in the group stage, right? If you lose one game, it will be the sky, and you can’t lose in the knockout. If you lose, you will be out, and you will not win the championship. Therefore, even if the score is the least, it is generally unsatisfactory.

Maybe someone will think of Italy in’ 82. At that time, Italy won three games in a row in the group stage, only getting 3 points. But they played well in the next four games and won all of them, so the score of 4 wins and 3 draws is acceptable, at least better than those champions who lost. Of course, the 3-year-old company is a bit of a drag on the points, so Italy in 1982 was the champion with fewer points, only getting 15 points. Note that, as I said before, here is a three-point system for the time being. According to the two-point system, their score is 11 points.

So, are there any champions with less than 15 points?

Yes. That’s FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022’s new champion, Argentine.

Argentina has two points, resulting in less points. First, they lost in the group match. Second, they experienced two penalty shootouts in the knockout round. These two points are enough for them to set a new low for the World Cup champions in 74 years. So how much is it? 6 points for 2 wins and 1 loss in the group stage and 8 points for 2 wins and 2 draws in the knockout stage. Therefore, Argentina won the championship with 7 games, 4 wins, 2 draws and 1 loss, with 14 points.

It should be said that this achievement is still relatively mediocre. Of course, we can also see the hardships of winning the championship in Argentina. In fact, Argentina was not the biggest favourite before the game, which Messi himself admitted. But they finally reached the top. Integral is just a cloud, and champion is king.