2025 年 – 第 3 页 – 上海后花园论坛-上海419论坛-夜上海论坛

The latest news! The subsidy is coming.

Ministry of commerce and other four departments

Released on August 25th.

About further improving household appliances

Notice of trade-in work

It is proposed that all localities should use it as a whole.

Central and local funds

Individual consumers are given trade-in subsidies for purchasing 8 types of household appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, air conditioners, computers, water heaters, household cookers and range hoods, with energy efficiency or water efficiency standards of Grade 2 or above. The subsidy standard is 15% of the final sales price of the products.

For products with energy efficiency or water efficiency of Grade 1 or above, an additional subsidy of 5% of the final sales price of the products will be given.

Each consumer can subsidize one product of each type, and each subsidy does not exceed 2,000 yuan.

Encourage local governments to adopt different methods, such as payment reduction and issuance of personal real-name vouchers, so that real money and silver benefits can reach consumers directly as soon as possible, and consumers can enjoy the subsidy experience and gain.

　　　 ■ Can all household appliances be exchanged for new ones?

This policy has clearly defined the categories of products involved in trade-in. There are eight kinds of household appliances, including refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, air conditioners, computers, water heaters, household cookers and range hoods, all of which can be trade-in. Moreover, in addition to the above eight types of household appliances, all localities can also expand the scope of subsidized products in combination with the buying habits of local consumers.

■ Is there any change in this subsidy? How much cheaper can it be to buy home appliances?

Yes! This time, the subsidy standard is divided into two grades: everyone can get a subsidy of 20% of the final sales price of the goods when they buy the above eight types of household appliances with energy efficiency or water efficiency standards of level 1 or above; If you buy energy-efficient or water-efficient products with grade 2 or above, you can get a subsidy of 15% of the final sales price, that is, the greener the product, the higher the subsidy. Moreover, each consumer can subsidize one product of each type, and the maximum subsidy amount for each product is 2000 yuan. If you want to change both the refrigerator and the computer, you can participate in this trade-in activity at the same time.

?■　Where can I get the subsidy?

This time, the state gave money to all localities, and each province and city, according to the actual situation, gave subsidies to everyone by paying a reduction and issuing personal real-name vouchers. For example, some places have set up an online platform for exchanging old machines for new ones. As long as you submit old machine information online, you can get two benefits:

One is to directly receive subsidy vouchers, and directly reduce a certain amount when purchasing new home appliances;

The other is the depreciation price of old household appliances, which can be deducted directly when buying a new machine. The "two-pronged approach" allows everyone to easily enjoy the old-for-new discount.

Finally, this policy also pays special attention to two things, one is to investigate and deal with illegal acts such as price fraud according to law, the other is to strengthen supervision over the quality of new products, and all localities should open channels for complaints and reports, so that everyone can trade in the old with confidence.

The cover picture comes from the data map of Haikou Daily, and the picture has nothing to do with it.

Source: CCTV News

Editor in Charge: Chen Dewen

Audit: Li Jiantan

Editorial Board on Duty: Peng Yan

Source: haikou net.

The IT vertical website is trapped in the ＂doomsday＂： Zhongguancun Online seeks to sell herself.

Zhongguancun Online, an established vertical IT portal, is facing a new round of changes. After being stripped out of the system by the parent company CBSi China, there are rumors recently that JD.COM will take a stake in Zhongguancun Online, a vertical IT portal, accounting for about 35% to 42%.

It is even more reported that the introduction of JD.COM was personally operated by Liu Xiaodong, Senior Vice President of CBSi China, and Wang Lu, President of CBSi China District, was responsible for handling the separation of Zhongguancun Online from CBSi.

Tencent Technology learned from a number of authoritative sources of CBSi in China that Zhongguancun Online is indeed preparing for capital operation, but the object of Zhongguancun Online’s scandal is not JD.COM, but another family.

A person familiar with the matter said, "JD.COM once negotiated cooperation with Zhongguancun Online, but the two sides finally failed to reach an agreement."

The "doomsday" dilemma of IT vertical websites

Zhongguancun Online is stripped from CBSi and seeks external financing, which presents its current predicament. The experience of Zhongguancun Online is just a microcosm of the survival dilemma of CBSi’s original science and technology sector in China, and even the entire science and technology vertical industry.

CBS Interactive, abbreviated as CBSI, is an interactive media company under the CBS Group. In the past many years, CBSi has been developing in the form of media in China, and it has taken the form of capital acquisition to attack the city and plunder the land.

CBSi China Science and Technology Group includes Zhongguancun Online, PChome Computer House, ZDNet Zhiding Network, Hummingbird Network, Wanwei Home Appliances Network, BNET Business Talent Network, Xiyu IT Network, Sanqin IT Network and 85 sub-stations in China.

However, CBSi China made major adjustments to its business this year, and drastically divested its original technology business. Some businesses were sold, such as Zhongguancun Online, to institutions, but not to companies such as BAT and JD.COM, which are well-known in the industry.

The other part also carries out capital operation, for example, PCHOME is led by the management team. CBSi China originally had three vertical fields: automobile, science and technology and women. After this adjustment, CBSi China has withdrawn from the field of science and technology, focusing on automobile and women.

Behind CBSi China’s withdrawal from the field of science and technology lies the deep dilemma that the vertical websites of science and technology are facing at present. Electronic product manufacturers’ advertising expenditure on IT vertical websites continues to decline, and the days of many websites are not as good as before.

Relevant data show that in October 2014, the advertising expenditure on IT vertical websites of laptops and consumer appliances increased by 4% and 15% respectively, while the expenditure of mobile phone manufacturers decreased by 49% year-on-year, which was the fourth consecutive month.

Wang Lu, president of CBSi China, once said that the growth rate of IT vendors, the increase of advertising expenses and the proportion of advertising expenses invested by IT vendors in vertical sales tend to be stable, which will be even more cruel to websites like Zhongguancun Online.

This trend has already appeared. In 2011, the IT World Network was shut down. In 2012, the announcement of the closure of Zhongguancun shows the dilemma of vertical IT websites. With the advent of the mobile Internet era, the fragmentation of users’ reading and behavior has further aggravated this trend.

From purely providing information to doing e-commerce

The impact of the mobile Internet is changing users’ traditional reading habits, and it is also increasingly forcing the traditional vertical information websites to change.

The most obvious example is that Easy Car has received a total investment of about 1.3 billion US dollars from JD.COM and Tencent in the form of cash and exclusive resources; Easy Car’s subsidiary, which focuses on the Internet platform of auto finance, has received a total cash investment of US$ 250 million from JD.COM and Tencent.

In this regulation, the resources involved include JD.COM’s exclusive opening of new and used car channels of various e-commerce platforms including mobile applications for Easy Car, and other support for providing core e-commerce platforms. JD.COM provides exclusive resources of about $750 million.

Behind the transaction between JD.COM and Easy Car is the layout of car e-commerce, and both parties are prepared to turn the original pure automobile information into real automobile commodity trading behavior, and gain greater benefits from it. Car home, the rival of Easy Car, has also benefited a lot from the transformation of auto e-commerce.

Extending to the vertical IT industry, vertical IT websites forced by livelihood will also have to transform from simply providing information to trading.

Informed sources revealed to Tencent Technology that the most obvious change of Zhongguancun Online in the future will be from providing information to community interaction to future digital product trading, and e-commerce will be an important direction of Zhongguancun Online in the future.

In the future, Zhongguancun Online will develop in the direction of SNS and circle operation in the vertical IT field, and access to shopping guides. In addition, it will be relaxed at the product level, and it may be involved in more technical fields such as intelligent hardware and 3D printing.

"This is that all media advertising companies need to transform. Without transformation, the vertical IT website road will become narrower and narrower." A person familiar with the matter told Tencent Technology that Zhongguancun Online will recruit a lot of manpower after financing, which may require e-commerce operation experience.

After Chen Tong, the former editor-in-chief of Sina, joined Xiaomi, he once told Tencent Technology that hard news is becoming more and more difficult in the new media format situation, especially under the impact of social networks, which is something that all media should reflect on.

"In the early days, media positioning was mainly based on information, but now, simple information is far from enough. Besides daily news, you have to do other things, such as spreading technical information, do you have to spread knowledge and record your life?"

Chen Tong said, for some media, it is necessary to emphasize the practical function, which can help individuals. "I think this practical function may have been mentioned in the past, but it may become more and more feasible due to the arrival of the era of more precise mobile."

As for the original China management of CBSi China, Liu Xiaodong, senior vice president of CBSi China, has led a part of the team to continue to manage Zhongguancun online operation, while Wang Lu, the president of CBSi District, has left his post, and he may go to a big technology enterprise.

CBSi China issued an internal mail on January 13th, announcing the official resignation of Wang Lu, president of CBSi District. CBSi also mentioned that China market is very important and will continue to invest in China market.

However, from a series of signs, CBSi China’s interest in the vertical IT field is getting weaker and weaker, and IT is unlikely to get involved in the short term. Liu Xiaodong may be the only original management team of CBSi China to continue to struggle in the vertical IT field, and the road ahead is still difficult.

The income is not lost to white-collar workers, and the cutting-edge technology of testing water： it is time to change the established impression of couriers.

　　Between a white-collar worker with a monthly salary of 6,000 yuan and a courier with a monthly income of nearly 10,000 yuan, which career would you like to choose? The answer depends on how you look at the profession of courier.

　　At the moment when the e-commerce industry is booming, consumers may not roughly classify couriers as low-income people as they did a few years ago. Even though the average monthly income of many couriers is not as high as 10,000 yuan, the incentive mechanism of getting more for more work does make some people gain a lot. According to the data of Suning Logistics, in 2018, the average monthly income of the company’s couriers in the busy season can reach more than 7,500 yuan, and the highest income can earn 20,000 yuan a month.

　　The phenomenon that "blue-collar wages far exceed white-collar workers", which really exists in developed countries and once puzzled the people, has appeared around us; Judging from the development trend of the express delivery industry in the Internet economic network, this may become a normal state in the future.

　　According to the data of the State Post Bureau, in the past nine years, the national express delivery business volume and business income have increased by more than 10 times. According to the latest data released on July 22, in the first half of 2019, the national express delivery business volume and business income reached 27.76 billion pieces and 339.67 billion yuan respectively, up 25.7% and 23.7% year-on-year; This level even exceeds the annual total in 2015.

　　Hou Enlong, president of Suning.cn, called the couriers in China "the greatest hero behind e-commerce" and set up the first courier festival in 2017, hoping to improve the welfare and social recognition of this profession. This festival is celebrated for the third year, and changes are indeed taking place.

　　However, people’s professional identity with couriers has not changed as quickly as e-commerce has changed the express delivery industry. When measuring whether a job is good or bad, people will still come up with two yardsticks that are popular in the blind date market — — "Birth" and "potential" — — Make a judgment. Therefore, although couriers are not inferior to white-collar workers in many cities, they still seem to be insufficient to reverse their position in the city.

　　Consumers recognize the importance of courier, but they are not optimistic about the value of this profession.

　　Technology companies have promoted the rapid rise of life-oriented service industry and reshaped people’s lives. Nowadays, consumers can enjoy a variety of life services without leaving home, and couriers play an indispensable role in it.

　　The degree of consumers’ dependence on express delivery service is presented in the 2018 China Express Development Index Report issued by the State Post Bureau. The data shows that in 2018, the per capita express usage in China reached 36 pieces, an increase of 7 pieces over the previous year. The average daily service of express delivery companies is as high as 280 million, which means that one in five people is using express delivery service every day.

　　From the statistics of consumer complaints against major express delivery companies by the State Post Bureau, in June 2019, the average number of complaints filed by consumers per million express delivery was less than 8 nationwide, and consumers were satisfied with the effective complaint handling of major express delivery companies as high as 96.7%. It is not difficult to draw the conclusion that consumers are satisfied with the courier’s service.

　　But is recognizing the courier’s service equivalent to recognizing the value of this profession?Few researchers have discussed this problem.

　　In a research paper retrieved from The Paper, two scholars from China Youth University for Politics and Peking University conducted a questionnaire survey on 180 Beijing consumers in 2017 to understand their professional identity with couriers. The consumers surveyed include students, civil servants, doctors, teachers and company employees.

　　Judging from the survey results, there is a subtle contradiction in the professional evaluation of couriers: on the one hand, most people affirm the contribution of this profession to society, and also recognize the hard work of most couriers; On the other hand, when judging whether this profession can "realize the value of life", people’s attitudes become wavering, and more than half of the respondents chose the ambiguous answer of "uncertainty".

　　The existence of "double standards" is partly due to consumers’ incomplete understanding of the professional evaluation and development prospects of couriers.

　　Regardless of the identity of others, couriers have a high sense of professional value.

　　The hat that was buckled on the head of the previous generation of blue-collar workers is now difficult to completely pass on to the new blue-collar workers in the Internet era.

　　Many of them are really hard to get rid of some identity labels of the former, such as "rural"; However, they are not completely "low-educated". According to the data of Suning Logistics, the proportion of people with high school, vocational school or technical secondary school education or above is close to 80%, and if they work hard, a large part of them have already bid farewell to "low income".

　　In addition to the e-commerce opportunities and personal income-generating ability that people talk about, couriers have deeper professional demands, but they are rarely listened to.

　　In 2017, China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, together with SF Express, Suning Logistics and other enterprises, jointly launched the "China E-commerce Logistics and Express Employees Questionnaire Survey", and received effective responses from 4,363 first-line couriers. When asked why they choose the profession of courier, although the economic return rate is still the most important factor, couriers also value metaphysical needs such as "team atmosphere" and "professional sense".

　　Most interviewees don’t regard their occupation as a low-status type of work that repeatedly performs simple labor, but think that it needs "responsibility and responsibility" as well as "diligence and wisdom".

　　Courier work is not simple, but also a cutting-edge technology testing ground.

　　High-end words popular in the Internet technology world, such as cloud computing and storage, robotics and automation, wearable mobile technology, 3D printing technology, driverless cars and drones, have already penetrated into the logistics industry and optimized the work content of couriers.

　　Under the operation of the instant response mode of "APP+ pre-warehouse", Suning Logistics can realize the minute-level distribution that was unimaginable in the past. The goods in Suning Store can be delivered to users within 3 kilometers within 30 minutes after the user places an order, the warehouse keeper selects the goods, and the courier immediately scans the code to pick up the goods and distributes the goods.

　　Liu Shidan is an instant delivery courier of Suning in Guangzhong Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai. Compared with the traditional courier, his work content is much more efficient because of the assistance of "Seconda" APP and the cooperation of front warehouse management personnel: "The workflow is simplified and there will be no mistakes in picking up goods."

　　It has been nearly two years since the efficient service of "instant matching" was realized. The role of couriers has also changed in the process of service upgrading. In addition to being "fast", they have to achieve "accuracy". In order to provide consumers with all-round services, they need to master the business of returning goods, sending and loading, packaging and recycling in addition to the simple task of sending parts.

　　Yang Deshun, who has worked in Suning Logistics Chongqing Station for five years, has his own observation on the development of the logistics industry. He believes that the development of the logistics industry needs to combine the service needs of consumers in the Internet era and develop new service products like "on time" and "instant delivery", and the development of new business will also require corresponding logistics talents.

　　Yang Deshun worked in the front line of express delivery station for one year. Because of his excellent work, he was promoted from the express delivery stationmaster to the logistics center to be responsible for data tracking, and now he has become the operation manager of the network planning department of the express delivery operation center in Chongqing. While working in the logistics center, Yang Deshun found that the traditional warehouse inventory process was inefficient, cumbersome and not environmentally friendly — — All the goods and positions are printed on A4 paper, and the staff check the goods one by one with paper documents. Once the data are not matched, they may have to start over and check the model and quantity of the goods again.

　　In order to improve work efficiency, without a programming foundation, he spent two months teaching himself PHP programming language, and finally developed a mobile phone warehouse inventory system. The warehouse staff only need to hold the mobile phone, input the data into the system, and finally export the data and compare it with the original data stored in Suning logistics system, so as to complete the inventory of goods.

　　Like Yang Deshun, many couriers in the torrent of technological change have realized that they need to master more skills if they want to have a longer-term career development.

　　In the Survey Report of E-commerce Logistics and Express Practitioners in China released by China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing in 2017, the couriers affirmed the current enterprise training, but at the same time conveyed their strong desire to increase the training of enterprises, and hoped to get many learning and training opportunities such as "professional skills", "management ability" and "business development".

　　Taking the most valued "professional skills" as an example, in recent years, various types of vocational skills competitions have been held all over the country, and couriers have shown their talents in professional skills such as receiving and sending express mail, delivering express mail, receiving express mail and sorting express mail.

　　On August 6, 2019, the State Post Bureau and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security jointly issued the Notice on Strengthening Vocational Skills Training for Express Delivery Employees, proposing to increase policy support, carry out vocational skills training for express delivery employees on a large scale, and improve the quality of express delivery skilled personnel.

　　Courier Career 2.0: How many versions are there possible?

　　A foreseeable future is that in the face of the reality that manual services are becoming more and more expensive, the income level of couriers is likely to further increase.They hope to complete the primitive accumulation of individual capital through hard work like the blue-collar workers in the west, and eventually become "blue-collar middle class" with the same social status as white-collar workers.The express point partner system promoted by SF Express and Suning Logistics may accelerate the formation of "blue-collar middle class" in the process of promoting the transformation of couriers into entrepreneurs.

　　When the development of technology further promotes the improvement of distribution efficiency,The express delivery industry may also embrace the "odd job economy" like other service industries.The task of delivery and express delivery can rely on the information distribution and process management of internet technology, and be distributed to all part-time couriers in a crowdsourcing way; Just like private car owners who start hitchhiking business, people who are interested in courier work can participate in this job, while full-time couriers in the past can spend their time more freely and pursue more life possibilities while continuing to engage in courier industry.

　　If the unmanned distribution technology is further improved, couriers have the potential to become monitors of intelligent distribution systems., responsible for analyzing data, reporting and handling distribution anomalies. At present, these positions have begun to emerge. Liu Shidan, an instant delivery courier, said that if he performs well and intends to change jobs, he and his colleagues will hopefully be responsible for the monitoring of the instant delivery system, moving from the front line to the background, and paying attention to the dynamics of delivery personnel at the monitoring desk.

　　No matter which future comes earlier, the professional value of couriers will far exceed what we set for them today.

The Head of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education answered a reporter’s question on the new edition of Introduction to Vocational Education.

　　According to the website of the Ministry of Education, a few days ago, the Ministry of Education released a new version of "Introduction to Vocational Education" (hereinafter referred to as "Introduction"). The head of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education answered the reporter’s questions on relevant issues.

　　First, please introduce the background of the development of the new edition of Introduction.

　　A: The professional profile of vocational education is a standard text that introduces the basic professional information and the core elements of personnel training. It is an important part of the national teaching standard system of vocational education. It is of fundamental significance for implementing the fundamental task of cultivating people, standardizing education and teaching in vocational colleges, deepening the reform of education mode and improving the quality of personnel training.

　　Previously, the professional profiles of secondary vocational schools and higher vocational colleges were compiled according to the revised catalogue of secondary vocational schools in 2010 and the revised catalogue of higher vocational education in 2015 respectively. In 2021, the Ministry of Education issued a new version of the professional catalogue of vocational education, and designed the professional system of secondary vocational schools, higher vocational colleges and higher vocational colleges in an integrated way. By adding, renaming, merging and canceling, the overall adjustment range of majors exceeded 60%. As an extension of updating the professional catalogue, it is urgent to give a comprehensive, systematic and authoritative explanation of the professional connotation in the form of professional introduction according to the new professional catalogue.

　　Second, please introduce the development process of the new version of Introduction.

　　A: The research and development work implements the relevant requirements of the newly revised Vocational Education Law, systematically summarizes and absorbs the research results of the professional catalogue, actively plays the role of expert consultants, research institutions, vocational education associations, and all branches of the Committee, and fully mobilizes the participation of experts such as industry enterprises and vocational colleges. It is divided into four stages: First, the work is started, experts are organized to study the template framework of the integration of higher education and higher education, 63 industry working groups are set up, and research and development teams are formed by industry fields and professional categories. The second is to develop the first draft, and more than 11,600 experts from more than 4,600 units participated in drafting the first draft. Third, centralized manuscript unification, 21 working groups of manuscript unification experts grouped and classified the manuscript unification, and held more than 200 online manuscript unification meetings. The fourth is to revise and improve, and solicit opinions from localities, industries, societies and associations, academicians and experts. More than 5,700 opinions and suggestions have been received, studied one by one, fully absorbed, revised and improved repeatedly, and finally drafted.

　　3. What changes have been made in the style and content of the new edition of Introduction?

　　A: The new version of Introduction adjusts the professional introduction framework of secondary vocational schools, higher vocational colleges and higher vocational colleges into nine contents: professional code, professional name, basic years of study, career orientation, training target orientation, major professional ability requirements, major professional courses and internship training, examples of professional certificates, and examples of continuing majors. Among them, compared with the original professional profile of secondary vocational schools, five contents have been adjusted and optimized, including career orientation, training objectives, major professional ability requirements, major professional courses and practical training, and examples of professional certificates; Compared with the original professional introduction of higher vocational colleges, the four contents of career orientation, major professional ability requirements, major professional courses and practical training, and examples of professional certificates have been adjusted and optimized.

　　From the content point of view, the new version of Introduction mainly has the following significant changes: First, the original "employment orientation" is adjusted to "career orientation", and the occupation, post group or technical field corresponding to this major is more clearly defined. Second, the original "professional ability requirements" and "main professional ability requirements" are adjusted to "main professional ability requirements", and the main professional ability requirements analyzed according to typical work tasks are more prominent according to the corresponding professional (post group or technical field) requirements. Thirdly, the original "main contents of professional teaching" and "core courses and practice training" are adjusted to "main professional courses and practice training", including basic professional courses, core professional courses and practice training links. The new version of "Introduction" has a more complete professional curriculum system, which is more instructive for schools to formulate professional talent training programs, and also leaves a reasonable space for school education and teaching reform. Fourth, the original "example of vocational qualification certificate" is adjusted to "example of vocational certificate", which is listed according to vocational qualification certificate and vocational skill grade certificate, which is more in line with the requirements of the newly revised vocational education law and is conducive to promoting the comprehensive education of vocational education.

　　4. What are the main features of the new edition of Introduction?

　　A: First, it reflects the overall situation and presents an overview of talent training. The new version of "Introduction" system embodies the framework of talent training system for secondary vocational schools, higher vocational colleges and higher vocational colleges, comprehensively displays the basic information of all levels and types of vocational education, scientifically standardizes the core elements and environmental requirements for the all-round development of high-quality technical and technical talents, provides authoritative guidance for students to apply for vocational colleges and continue their studies, provides basic guidance for colleges to formulate talent training plans, and provides important reference for social employers to select graduates.

　　The second is to focus on adaptability and optimize the characteristics of vocational education types. The new edition of Introduction deeply matches the needs of new technology and industrial transformation, deeply connects with the scene of professional posts, highlights the cultivation of professional post ability, updates the curriculum system, upgrades the professional connotation, and downplays the color of subject education. At the same time, it pays attention to the cultivation of scientific and cultural knowledge and professional general technical skills, emphasizes the cultivation of scientific spirit and engineering thinking, emphasizes the comprehensive implementation of modern industrial concepts such as quality, safety and green, and strengthens practical teaching links such as internship and training to promote the supply-side reform of technical and technical talents.

　　Third, pay attention to foresight and improve future professional ability. The new edition of Introduction focuses on the industry reform, benchmarking scientific and technological innovation, optimizing the professional orientation, emphasizing the corresponding digital new professional scenes and new posts in the professional orientation, listing the corresponding professional certificates such as professional qualification certificates and professional skill level certificates, and cultivating students’ future professional abilities such as digital skills and green skills in a forward-looking layout, so as to make vocational education major a "fast variable" that can better adapt to, support and lead the high-quality economic and social development.

　　The fourth is to play a holistic role and promote the cultivation of integration. The new version of "Introduction" plans the training specifications, ability requirements and curriculum system of different levels of vocational education, and all levels are organically integrated and upgraded step by step. The new version of Introduction also focuses on the concept of vocational and general integration, enumerating the majors at each level in the continuous training of vocational colleges, providing reference for students to choose their majors when they continue their studies, and opening the way for the smooth growth of technical and technical talents.

　　The fifth is to keep conciseness and show a good image of vocational education. The new version of Introduction is developed according to the needs in the form of listing key points. With a highly concise "thousand-word text", professional ethics, cultural knowledge and technical skills are internalized into professional comprehensive quality and externalized into specific requirements of action ability. The course name and practice content reflect the characteristics of vocational education, which is easy to understand, simple and clear, so that parents can understand, schools can operate and society can understand it, and all sectors of society can fully understand vocational education.

　　V. How to implement the new version of Introduction?

　　A: In the next step, our department will organize forces to revise and improve the national teaching standards of vocational education, such as professional teaching, post practice and practical teaching conditions, according to the professional catalogue and brief introduction, and dynamically update them according to the revised People’s Republic of China (PRC) Vocational Classification Ceremony to meet the needs of economic and social development.

　　All vocational colleges should seriously organize the study and study of professional profiles, revise the training plan of professional talents in light of the actual situation, update the curriculum system, strengthen the education of scientific culture and professional knowledge, organize practical training, and continuously promote the reform of education and teaching. We should continue to promote the publicity and implementation of the national teaching standard system of vocational education through the construction of courses and teaching materials, teacher training, collective preparation of lessons, and the display of typical talent training programs and teaching plans.

The General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Further Strengthening the Governance of Waste Oil.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 24th, Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Further Strengthening the Treatment of Waste Oil, insisting on combining dredging and blocking, treating both the symptoms and the root causes, and making arrangements for building a long-term mechanism for comprehensive treatment of waste oil.

The "Opinions" pointed out that in recent years, various regions and relevant departments have continuously intensified the rectification of "gutter oil" and achieved remarkable results. However, the long-term mechanism for the comprehensive management of "gutter oil" has not been effectively established, and illegal crimes still occur from time to time. All regions and relevant departments should take strengthening the comprehensive management of "gutter oil" as the key task of food safety at present, make efforts to strengthen source prevention and supervision and law enforcement, promote harmless treatment and resource utilization, implement the main responsibility of enterprises, and severely crack down on illegal crimes, so as to fundamentally eradicate the soil that breeds illegal crimes of "gutter oil" and effectively ensure that people’s diet is safe.

The Opinions focus on the comprehensive management of "gutter oil" and put forward five policy measures: First, strengthen the main responsibility of enterprises. Catering enterprises, administrative enterprises and institutions, canteens and slaughtering enterprises, and meat processing enterprises should separately collect and store kitchen waste, meat processing waste or unqualified livestock and poultry products produced by their own units in accordance with the regulations, build their own harmless treatment facilities conditionally, conduct harmless treatment according to the specifications and record them truthfully; Do not have the conditions, entrust enterprises that meet the requirements to deal with it, sign an entrustment agreement, establish a harmless treatment ledger, and the storage period of harmless treatment records and vouchers shall not be less than two years.

The second is to cultivate enterprises for harmless treatment and resource utilization. Summarize the pilot experience of resource utilization of kitchen waste, promote the cultivation of enterprises for harmless treatment and resource utilization of waste that are suitable for the scale of the city, guide moderate scale operation, and enjoy preferential tax policies in accordance with the regulations.

The third is to improve supporting measures and technical means. Improve the disposal methods of kitchen waste, meat processing waste and unqualified livestock and poultry products. Encourage enterprises to explore the installation of camera equipment in key links such as kitchens, slaughter workshops, meat processing workshops and harmless treatment workshops of catering enterprises, trace the flow of waste, and study and promote practical technologies for harmless treatment and resource utilization.

The fourth is to implement the responsibility of supervision and management. Intensify inspections of rural areas, urban-rural fringe areas, farmers’ markets, small restaurants and small workshops, urge enterprises to establish and improve traceability systems, and strictly implement the system of claiming certificates, tickets and incoming goods inspection. Investigate and deal with illegal acts of selling counterfeit brand edible oil on the Internet, implement the reward reporting system, and mobilize social forces to supervise.

The fifth is to crack down on illegal crimes of "gutter oil". Further strengthen the connection between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, improve the transfer notification mechanism of suspected criminal cases, and intensify the crackdown on illegal and criminal acts of manufacturing and selling "gutter oil".

The "Opinions" require that all regions should strengthen the organization and leadership of the management of "gutter oil", further improve the mechanism, intensify supervision, and implement all responsibilities and policies and measures. The local people’s governments at or above the county level shall take overall responsibility for the treatment of kitchen waste, meat processing waste and unqualified livestock and poultry products in their own areas.

The flu is high! Vaccination hot issues are all here →

In order to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of campus influenza epidemic, our district recently launched the deployment of campus influenza vaccination in 2023.

On some hot issues that parents are concerned about

Give a simple answer

↓↓↓

What kinds of influenza vaccines are there? What is the difference?

Trivalent and tetravalent (according to the components contained)

The flu vaccine should be vaccinated every year, because the flu virus mutates every year. The epidemic strains of influenza A virus are usually H1N1 and H3N2, while influenza B virus is divided into B/Yamagata(BY) strain and B/Victoria(BV) strain.

A trivalent influenza vaccine: H1N1+H3N2+BV

B. Tetravalent influenza vaccine: H1N1+H3N2+BV+BY

Inactivation and attenuation (according to the production process)

A. Split-type inactivated influenza vaccine: On the basis of the whole virus inactivated vaccine, a cracking agent is added to further purify the effective antigen components, remove the virus nucleic acid and macromolecular protein, retain the effective antigen components, and finally remove the cracking agent, thus reducing adverse reactions and maintaining high immunogenicity.

B. Subunit inactivated influenza vaccine: the special protein structure of the virus shell is obtained by purification, and only high-purity, independent and complete hemagglutinin HA and neuraminidase NA are extracted, so the process is more complicated, the adverse reaction is less, and the price is naturally more expensive.

C. Live attenuated influenza vaccine: It is a vaccine made by subculturing influenza virus to reduce its toxicity. It has better immunogenicity, but it cannot be used for people with immune deficiency.

Intramuscular injection and nasal spray (differentiated by inoculation route)

A. Inactivated split influenza vaccine: intramuscular injection, targeting people aged 6 months and above.

B. Subunit inactivated influenza vaccine: intramuscular injection, targeting people aged 3 years and above.

C. Live attenuated influenza vaccine: nasal spray inoculation, which is absorbed into the body through the nasal mucosa, can be replicated in the body, thus producing mucosal immunity, humoral immunity and cellular immunity. At present, the live attenuated nasal spray influenza vaccine is only trivalent. The target of vaccination is people aged 3-17. If children are afraid of injections, they can try nasal spray vaccination.

Which is the best choice for influenza vaccine?

The Technical Guide for Influenza Vaccination in China (2023-2024) clearly states that people who can vaccinate different types of vaccine products from different manufacturers can voluntarily vaccinate any kind of influenza vaccine, and there is no prior recommendation. The key is to complete the immunization as soon as possible.

Influenza has entered the high season. Is it too late to get vaccinated now?

Usually after 2-4 weeks of influenza vaccination, antibodies with protective level can be produced. In order to ensure that the recipients get immune protection before the flu season, it is best to complete immunization before the local flu season, usually from August to September. At present, it is the high season of influenza, and it is still effective to vaccinate people who have not been vaccinated before. It is recommended to vaccinate them as soon as possible. People over 6 months can be vaccinated with influenza vaccine, especially children, the elderly, patients with chronic diseases and other high-risk groups. After being infected with influenza, the risk of severe illness is higher. Vaccination with influenza vaccine can effectively reduce the risk of developing into severe illness and death. I hope everyone will actively vaccinate.

Is it safe to get the flu vaccine?

Influenza vaccine has been used at home and abroad for decades. Scientific research and vaccination practice have fully proved that influenza vaccine is safe and effective, and it is a mature vaccine. The common adverse reactions of influenza vaccination are local reactions (redness, swelling, stiffness, pain, lethargy, fatigue, myalgia, etc.), which are usually mild and self-limited, usually subside within 1~2 days, and rarely appear serious reactions.

How long is it effective after influenza vaccination? Have you been infected with the flu recently? Do you need to get a flu shot?

The immunity acquired by human body after being infected with influenza virus or inoculated with influenza vaccine will decline with time, and the degree of decline is related to factors such as people’s age, physical condition and vaccine antigen. Studies at home and abroad suggest that the antibody protection level can be maintained for at least 6 months after influenza vaccination, so those who have been vaccinated with influenza vaccine or infected since this summer do not need to be vaccinated again.

Who can’t get the flu vaccine?

① those who are allergic to the ingredients contained in the vaccine, including excipients, formaldehyde, Triton X-100, etc.

② Other people with severe allergic constitution;

③ Those with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome;

④ Patients with uncontrolled epilepsy and other progressive nervous system diseases.

In addition, critically ill patients with various diseases should be used with caution; Patients with acute fever, acute infection and acute attack of chronic diseases should be vaccinated after recovery. Different kinds of vaccines from different manufacturers have slightly different vaccination contraindications listed in the instructions, which are subject to the assessment of the vaccination doctor.

When can I go to the vaccination clinic for vaccination?

Citizens and friends can choose to vaccinate at their own expense at the nearest vaccination clinic in the community health service center/township health center according to their own situation, and the school will communicate with the vaccination clinic in the jurisdiction to arrange the vaccination time.

How to distinguish the flu from the common cold?

What are the typical symptoms of influenza?

Children infected with influenza virus can show fever, chills, headache, myalgia and other general malaise, often accompanied by respiratory diseases, such as cough, sore throat and runny nose.

The degree of fever in young children may be heavier, and some children may also have febrile convulsions; In addition, they will have more gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and poor appetite.

A very small number of children infected with influenza may develop into severe influenza, causing laryngitis, pneumonia, encephalopathy, myocarditis and so on.

How is the flu spread and how long is the incubation period?

Influenza virus can spread from person to person through respiratory droplets (such as sneezing, coughing and talking) or after polluting the surface of objects.

Influenza viruses can also spread through small air particles released by influenza patients when they breathe. Influenza patients are the main source of infection.

The incubation period of influenza is generally 1~7 days, and most of them are 2~4 days.

How long is the general course of influenza and what is the change of the course?

For children without basic diseases, the course of influenza virus infection is acute and self-limited, and most symptoms disappear within 2~3 days after onset. Some children’s fever lasts for 5 days, and most of them recover within 1 week. However, cough may last for a long time, and the fatigue of a few older children (over seven or eight years old) may last for several weeks.

How to distinguish the flu from the common cold?

The full name of the flu is called "influenza", and you may think it is similar to the common cold, but the flu and the common cold cannot be confused.

The common cold can be caused by many pathogens, among which viruses are the most common, including rhinovirus, adenovirus, metapneumovirus, bocavirus, etc. Bacteria and mycoplasma can also cause the common cold.

The symptoms of the common cold are mild, usually low-to-moderate fever, which lasts for 1-2 days, and may be accompanied by symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, stuffy nose and slight cough, while systemic symptoms such as chills, headache and joint muscle pain are very mild. Generally, there are no serious complications.

Influenza is mainly caused by influenza A and B virus infection, with high fever, shivering, headache, joint muscle pain and other systemic symptoms. A few influenza patients may have complications such as rhabdomyolysis, pneumonia, encephalitis and encephalopathy.

In the flu season, children with flu-like symptoms, especially those with a history of contact with influenza patients, should first consider influenza virus infection, which can be diagnosed by influenza virus antigen detection or influenza virus nucleic acid detection.

Original title: "The flu is high! Vaccination hot issues are all here → "

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The first imported biopharmaceutical ＂cell model library＂ in western China was built and put into use in Sichuan.

　　Zhongxin. com, Chengdu, April 11th (Reporter Liu Zhongjun) Sichuan Food and Drug Administration announced on the 11th that the first imported biological drug "cell model library" in the west has been built and put into use in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, and the supply chain service center of Chengdu Tianfu Biological City has completed the warehousing of the second and third batches of imported monoclonal antibody drugs "dabituo", which is more than 40% shorter than the previous customs clearance period of similar products.

　　It is understood that when "Dabituo" was imported through Chengdu Port before, the cell strain for testing needed to be purchased overseas, and there was a biosafety hazard in the process of international cold chain transportation. At the same time, drug import approval needs cross-departmental joint examination, and the customs clearance cycle is long, which affects the progress of drug listing. Under the guidance of Sichuan Food and Drug Administration, Sichuan Institute for Drug Control broke through a series of key technical bottlenecks, took the lead in establishing a "cell model library" for imported biopharmaceuticals in the west, continuously optimized the customs clearance process for imported biopharmaceuticals, and built a quality control platform for biopharmaceuticals that met international standards, providing a scientific basis for the rapid access of monoclonal antibody drugs such as "Dipituo" and "Tuoconsultation", and realizing the double improvement of inspection efficiency and accuracy of imported biopharmaceuticals.

　　In addition, the Sichuan Food and Drug Administration has continued to strengthen cooperation with Chengdu Customs, and promoted the establishment of a joint working mechanism between Sichuan Institute for Drug Control and Chengdu Customs Technical Department to realize real-time interaction of test data and collaborative risk control. At the same time, focus on the key links such as declaration, inspection and testing, optimize the workflow, realize the localized operation of the inter-provincial inspection process, create conditions for imported biopharmaceuticals to achieve "on-the-spot inspection", and vigorously promote the upgrade of the whole chain service of imported biopharmaceuticals.

　　The relevant person in charge of Sichuan Food and Drug Administration said that it will continue to rely on the "cell model library" to further expand the coverage of inspection categories, continuously deepen cooperation with customs and enterprises, and optimize docking services throughout the chain, so as to provide technical support for building the "Chengdu warehouse" of imported biopharmaceuticals and building a national biomedical industry innovation highland in Sichuan. (End)

The final chapter of G.E.M. G.E.M.’s new album ＂Revelation＂ was launched.

G.E.M. G.E.M.’s 14th wave of the new album Apocalypse, The Sky is Unlimited, was launched. So far, all seven letters to heaven and seven replies to heaven have been released, and all 14 new songs and 14 MVs in G.E.M. G.E.M.’s new album Apocalypse have been released. This time, G.E.M. G.E.M.’s new album was released in the form of an unprecedented "musical series", with two new songs and two MVs updated and serialized once a week.

The whole album is performed by G.E.M. G.E.M. as a singer, screenwriter and producer. From concept planning to songwriting, to MV script writing and filming producer, it is sincere and sincere. The new album works continue to lead the music lists at home and abroad, with outstanding achievements, and set off an unprecedented discussion upsurge on social platforms, so that more people can join this journey of enlightenment about love.

"The Sky Without Limits" hopes to go online and write a perfect final chapter for the journey of enlightenment.

The music series Revelation takes the promised land, wasteland and the real world as the story background, and tells the story of two protagonists, Gloria (played by G.E.M. G.E.M.) and Qiu (played by G.E.M. G.E.M.), owning, losing, searching, gaining and reborn in the real and metacosmic world. Qiu lost her lover in an accidental car accident, and fell into deep remorse and remorse. After losing a leg, she was no longer willing to face herself, and chose to escape to the "paradise" of the virtual world and live as a virtual human Gloria with a perfect appearance. After all kinds of experiences, Gloria, Evan and Qiu’s lives intertwined and influenced each other, and finally Qiu slowly walked out of the past haze and stopped abandoning herself.

Previously, the song "There is no limit in the sky" had released a song fragment of 1 minute and 30 seconds. This song is no stranger to many fans, and it is a song that everyone is looking forward to hearing in full version. "There is no limit in the sky, my future is boundless, and I will fly to a bluer tomorrow when I break my cocoon." The song is not only an unexpected expectation of G.E.M. G.E.M., but also the confidence to really let love live in my body after receiving six letters from heaven. At the end of the song, M9 Marginal Youth Singing Choir was invited to participate in the chorus, which meant that the new generation also had a boundless future. The 14 songs of G.E.M. G.E.M.’s new album are rich and diverse. On the basis of retaining the unique Deng style, they are also infused with refreshing styles, including gospel pop, pop rock, Trap, rap and psychedelic Disco. In the arrangement, G.E.M. G.E.M. is constantly breaking through and innovating, and colliding with different musicians, creating a perfect release space for emotional generate.

70 days and nights of immersive companionship, new album, hot reputation and double harvest.

From the closing of G.E.M. G.E.M. on July 16th to the release of his new album on September 23rd, this journey of enlightenment has gone through 70 days and nights. G.E.M. G.E.M. has changed the name of Weibo since the warm-up period, presenting an immersive meta-cosmic experience from the perspective of Gloria- Gloria Tang, updating the daily life of Gloria- Gloria Tang and Evan- Evan every day, sharing feelings and experiences, and interacting with fans by parachuting for many times, and answering questions from netizens as Gloria in the comment area of Weibo, so that the audience can immerse themselves in the atmosphere of the promised land and feel the story on the spot. During the release period, the "Revelation-Drama Meeting" will be broadcast live twice a week, face to face with the audience to share the behind-the-scenes experience of creation, talk about the understanding of love, and hope to influence life with the most real life. G.E.M. G.E.M. is doing his best to bring you works of seeing love, believing in love and returning to love.

The new album "Revelation" attracted widespread attention as soon as it was released. The video creation of G.E.M. G.E.M.’s new album "Revelation" in the form of cover, performance, and second creation is endless, and the audience is interpreting the "Revelation" about love in different ways. In terms of word-of-mouth, some netizens commented that "the album brought by G.E.M. G.E.M. after a lapse of three years has lived up to expectations", "the broad vision and broad mind have made the Chinese music scene see new hope and future" and "once again deeply felt what love is". The double authentication of numbers and word-of-mouth recorded this vigorous love "Revelation".

G.E.M. G.E.M.’s eighth full-creation album "Revelation" after three years’ sincere training has come to a successful conclusion, and G.E.M. G.E.M. has opened a new chapter in the history of love for Chinese music. Although the road to enlightenment has come to an end temporarily, love will never stop. Let’s look forward to G.E.M. G.E.M. bringing more high-quality works to the public in the future.

The disorderly growth of ＂rice circle＂ leads to many chaotic phenomena. How to correct the deviation according to law？

"Fanquan" is a group formed spontaneously by fans in pursuit of people or things they like together. The "rice circle" has also had a positive impact on the real society: the crowdfunding donation of the "rice circle" in public welfare activities can not only help the needy groups, but also transmit positive energy; The rational creative support behavior of "rice circle" is also helpful to promote the development of cultural industry. However, with the disorderly growth of "rice circles", many chaotic phenomena have emerged, causing serious social harm. In order to lay a solid ideological foundation and strengthen the guidance of public opinion, it is necessary to improve and optimize relevant laws in time, correct the chaos of "rice circles" according to law, and strengthen the governance efficiency of "rice circles".

1. Control and evaluation manipulate public opinion space, and legal supervision is blind.

One of the chaotic phenomena of "rice circle" is comment control, which takes two forms: one is that fans abuse the reporting mechanism. Some fans classify the normal comments of ordinary netizens as malicious black comments. Once they find negative voices or dissident voices involving idol names, abbreviations and appellations, they advise publishers to modify or delete them, or incite fan groups to complain and report. The second is that fans screen homogeneous information. The screen-brushing scenes mainly include: the control and evaluation team makes promotional materials, and fans consciously forward them in scale to expand the popularity of idols; Screen idol information in the film and television drama review area, brand live broadcast room, etc. to show idol influence; When idols have negative public opinion events, fans will defend them in a unified way, or release massive positive content to suppress negative hot search.

Although the above phenomenon does not touch the legal red line, it violates the moral bottom line and seriously affects the orderly development of online public opinion. The "rice circle" abuses the reporting mechanism, making the governance tool a means for fans to take revenge. At the same time, the homogeneous content of "rice circle" will artificially concoct hot spots, which will affect the orderly spread of the network, and will also encourage fans to constantly fight for help and irrational consumption in order to maintain the popularity, and will also cause fans to justify the disqualification of idols regardless of right and wrong, and even cover up and beautify the illegal and criminal acts of idols. Recently, the Central Network Information Office issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Governance of the Chaos in the "Rice Circle" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), proposing to continue to dissolve the fan communities and groups with the theme of control. The "Notice" has made great efforts to rectify the harm caused by the large-scale control and evaluation of common control and evaluation groups, but in addition to communities and groups, the harm caused by spontaneous control and evaluation by fans should be paid attention to.

2. Cyber violence has a wide range of hazards, and public and private affairs should be paid equal attention to as a whole.

The second phenomenon of "rice circle" chaos is cyber violence, which is commonly manifested as: uglification, abuse, derogatory and threatening others; Compile and spread rumors; Insulting the image of others by making pictures and other means; Human flesh searches and exposes other people’s address, unit, certificate number and other private information; Leaking, buying and selling the star’s residence, itinerary and traffic information, etc.; Tracking, voyeuristic, and secretly photographing stars, publishing, selling and exhibiting their secretly photographed images without the consent of the stars; Invade the star’s private residence and harass the star by telephone, text message and email.

The "Notice" clearly requires all platforms to promptly discover and clean up all kinds of harmful information such as tearing and swearing, pulling and stepping on wars, rumors and attacks by fans in the "rice circle", and strictly deal with illegal and illegal accounts. Although titles are a punishment measure, cyber violence should be punished more according to different actors and circumstances.

In the protection of personal rights and interests: First of all, according to the provisions of the Civil Code, publishing insulting and defamatory remarks, which substantially reduces the social evaluation of others, constitutes a reputation infringement. If the circumstances are serious, according to the provisions of the criminal law, it constitutes the crime of insult and libel. Secondly, the above-mentioned acts of making pictures, taking pictures and publishing constitute portrait infringement. Finally, according to the provisions of the Civil Code, human flesh search, information disclosure and other acts illegally expose private information that individuals do not want to be known to others, tracking and invading disturb the rational and private space of other characters, and information harassment disturbs the peace of life of others, all of which constitute privacy infringement.

In terms of social security, insults, slanders, intimidation and other acts that endanger public order shall be punished accordingly in accordance with the provisions of the Public Security Administration Punishment Law. If the circumstances are serious, according to the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases of Defamation by Information Network, the offender shall be convicted and punished for the crime of stirring up trouble. Whoever fabricates false information and causes serious public disorder shall be convicted and punished for the crime of stirring up trouble in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Law. If the act of buying or selling other people’s information reaches the serious standard, it shall be punished as the crime of infringing citizens’ personal information.

3. Improper fund-raising has hidden risks, and regulatory measures need to be strengthened.

The third chaos of "rice circle" is fan fund-raising, that is, fan fund-raising activities organized by individual fans, support clubs and other groups or stars and their studios for playing lists, voting, buying gifts and supporting materials, and holding offline publicity activities. There are serious legal risks in fan fund-raising, including opaque fund operation, unknown whereabouts of the money raised, illegal occupation by sponsors, etc.

The "Notice" stipulates that all platforms should promptly discover and clean up all kinds of illegal fund-raising information; For websites and platforms that focus on problems, fail to perform their duties effectively, and induce minors to participate in fund-raising for aid, they shall be punished according to laws and regulations; Continue to investigate and dispose of overseas websites that provide voting and fundraising. For the fund-raising behavior without platform participation and organized and managed by fans spontaneously, the legal problems existing in it can be regulated from the civil and criminal perspectives.

At present, the academic circles have not unified the legal nature of fan fund-raising. One view is that fan fund-raising is a commission relationship, and usually it is a free commission. As the trustee, the sponsor shall report to the participant (the principal) the purpose of fund-raising, the details of income and expenditure, and the handling of assistance affairs, etc. According to the provisions of the Civil Code, if the trustee causes losses to the principal due to intentional or gross negligence, the principal may request compensation for the losses; If the trustee exceeds his authority and causes losses to the principal, he shall compensate for the losses. Another view is that fan fund-raising is a civil gift relationship, and it is often a gift with obligations. According to the provisions of the civil code, when the sponsor fails to fulfill the obligation of supporting, the participants have the right to cancel the gift and request the return of the property. According to the criminal law, improper fund-raising may also constitute fraud and embezzlement. First, the fund-raising promoters deliberately fabricated the facts of aid, deceived fans to pay the aid fees, and illegally possessed the proceeds to raise funds, which constituted the crime of fraud. Second, the fund-raising promoters took the money entrusted by other fans for their own use and did not use it for support, and reached the standard of a large amount. After other fans found it, they still refused to return it, which constituted the crime of illegal embezzlement. However, the above laws do not regulate the process, frequency, amount, participants and managers of fund-raising.

4. Offline activities disrupt public order and increase prevention and control efforts.

The fourth chaos of "rice circle" is disturbing public order, which is manifested in three aspects: first, a large number of fans gather and crowd in public places such as shopping malls and airports to watch the stars, which will not only interfere with the normal operation of public areas, but also destroy public facilities and cause stampede injuries due to disorderly crowding. Second, fans extend cyber violence to offline, contain, harass and attack others, endanger their personal safety and threaten social order. Third, under the influence of group infection, fans turn online irrational emotions into offline collective actions, which increases the difficulty of realistic governance and intensifies social risks. For example, famous artists are detained on suspicion of committing crimes, and some emotional fans gather in front of the police station to speak for them.

In this regard, relevant departments should strengthen governance, take both online and offline measures, strengthen guidance and prevention, and not only supervise improper online speech in real time, but also rectify illegal gathering behavior according to law. According to the provisions of the Public Security Administration Punishment Law, the above-mentioned acts involve disturbing the order of stations, ports, docks, airports, shopping malls, parks, exhibition halls or other public places, and they are given a warning or a fine of less than 200 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than five days and less than ten days, and may also be fined up to five hundred yuan. According to the criminal law, fans have the following behaviors: beating others at will, and the circumstances are bad; Chasing, intercepting and insulting others, with bad circumstances; Making trouble in public places, causing serious disorder in public places, etc., constitutes the crime of stirring up trouble.

5. Build a long-term governance mechanism to create a clear cyberspace.

In order to effectively prevent the chaos of "rice circle" from eroding the mainstream ideology, infiltrating erroneous thoughts and threatening social security, relevant departments should sum up practical experience and challenges and optimize rectification measures on the basis of governance according to law.

First, build a long-term governance mechanism. "Rice circle" is becoming a social phenomenon day by day, and its guidance and regulation should become a normal work. At present, the governance practice faces challenges: First, there is a lack of complete regulatory rules, and special activities take temporary solutions instead of permanent solutions. Once the activities are over, similar chaos may come back. Second, there is a lack of unified management standards, and the implementation effect is difficult to evaluate. In this regard, relevant departments should not only clarify the scope of powers and responsibilities of all parties according to law, but also link platforms, celebrities and their affiliated enterprises and ordinary citizens, build a multi-party governance grid, strengthen daily supervision, improve inspection and assessment standards, and urge the platform to set up a unified management system to enhance its self-inspection ability.

Secondly, it is necessary to optimize the existing remediation rules. The existing governance basis for fans’ comment behavior is mainly the Notice issued by the Central Network Information Office. The "Notice" requires the platform to vigorously disband the fan communities and groups with the theme of control and evaluation, and has achieved remarkable results since its implementation. However, only cleaning up the control and evaluation groups may not only ignore the spontaneous screen-brushing behavior of fans, but also lack the regulation of malicious reporting and evaluation. In order to further strengthen the prevention and control in advance, the specific rules need to be optimized and improved.

Finally, the rule of law and the rule of virtue should be combined to give play to the leading power of morality. The governance of "rice circle" should not only be guaranteed by punitive provisions, but also be based on moral concepts. Stimulate the positive energy of "rice circle" and correct the wrong direction of "rice circle" As for the platform, the law should not only stipulate its regulatory responsibilities, but also emphasize its publicity obligations. The platform should actively recommend outstanding cultural works and encourage fans to pay attention to the pioneering deeds of moral models in various fields. In terms of stars and their affiliated companies, relevant departments should introduce norms. First, they should regulate the words and deeds of stars, play their role as role models, and drive fans to participate in public welfare; Second, we must clarify the management obligations, urge them to correct the improper behavior of the "rice circle", and supervise the fund-raising procedures and flow. At the school and family level, teenagers should be guided to "button up the first button in life", educate the right and wrong, and lead the concept of healthy idolize. (Author: Wang Tianzheng, a researcher at Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of Beijing, and a professor at China University of Political Science and Law; Cui Yao, Ph.D. student, China University of Political Science and Law)

The 28-year-old woman died after being hit by a brick thrown from the sky. The latest appraisal results were announced.

　　BEIJING, Beijing, July 25 (Wei Xianghui) Earlier, a 28-year-old woman died in wanda plaza, Hongqi Street, Changchun City, Jilin Province because of throwing bricks at high altitude, with the latest progress.

　　On July 24, Ms. Lou, the victim’s family, provided a notice of appraisal opinions issued by the police to Zhongxin.com, which showed that the suspect was not mentally ill when involved in the case, and the criminal responsibility capacity was assessed as full criminal responsibility capacity when involved in the case.

　　Ms. Lou said that at present, the case has been submitted to the procuratorate, and then she will continue to pursue the responsibility of criminals and relevant units and departments.

　　A notice of appraisal opinion issued by the police provided by the victim’s family.

　　The suspect was not mentally ill at the time of the crime and had suicidal thoughts before.

　　Ms. Lou once asked the police what the person who killed her sister was like.

　　On July 12, the victim’s sister, Ms. Lou, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com that the police told her that the suspect was a Jiangxi man in his twenties. The family of the suspect said that the suspect was mentally ill, and the police should make a mental appraisal of him.

　　More than 10 days later, Ms. Lou and others came to the appraisal results. The suspect was not mentally ill when involved in the case and had full criminal responsibility.

　　"Sadly, a normal person repeatedly commits crimes and finally brutally kills an innocent girl." Ms. Lou said that she and her elderly parents almost collapsed and her mother lost the idea of living several times. But they did not get an apology from the suspect’s family. The other party once told Interpol that the family condition was not good and provided mental illness cases.

　　Before the incident, the suspect had the idea of suicide. This is the information that Ms. Lou learned from the police.

　　This man in his twenties has just come to Changchun for more than ten days and lives in a daily rental house in Wanda apartment. Before the incident, the other party climbed to the 33rd floor several times in order to commit suicide by jumping off a building, but because it was too high, he retreated and threw bricks downstairs instead. After the incident, he said to the police: "Now you can shoot me."

　　Lan Tianbin, a senior partner of Jiangsu Fade Dongheng Law Firm, told Zhongxin. com that from the perspective of the Criminal Law, throwing objects from buildings or other high altitude, if the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than one year, criminal detention or control, and shall also be fined. Whoever commits the acts mentioned in the preceding paragraph and constitutes other crimes shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of heavier punishment.

　　"In other words, throwing objects at high altitude may be suspected of multiple crimes, which should be judged by comprehensive behaviors, consequences and social risks. In addition to throwing objects at high altitude, it may also be suspected of intentional homicide, intentional injury, negligent death, serious injury, and endangering public safety in a dangerous way. If it constitutes multiple crimes at the same time, choose a felony punishment. " Blue sky bin said.

　　Family members questioned the tragedy and could have avoided blaming the relevant units.

　　After the incident, Ms. Lou went to the apartment to explore and found that many bricks and tiles were piled up in the corridor on the 30th floor of this 33rd floor apartment.

　　In her view, this tragedy is not inevitable. Ms. Lou learned from many sources that shortly before her sister was killed, the suspect had repeatedly thrown drinks bottles, bricks and other items down from the top of the apartment where she lived.

　　On June 17, the suspect threw a parabolic object from the sky twice, throwing buckets and unopened cans of coke, one of which hit a young woman. Ms. Lou said that the woman then called the police, but somehow, the police never found the suspect until her sister had an accident.

　　From 9: 00 pm to 10: 00 pm on June 22, about an hour before my sister’s accident, the suspect threw objects down from the sky twice.

　　"Why didn’t you clear the bricks, tiles and flowerpots in the corridor in time, so that the murderer could take a dangerous item at his fingertips? After the previous high-altitude parabolic alarms, why didn’t you find the suspect through monitoring in time? "

　　She asked the person in charge of the property these questions, but the answer given by the other party was that the items were decorated by the residents, and the property was not responsible, and it was suggested to take legal measures.

　　Lan Tianbin said that building managers such as property service enterprises should take necessary safety measures to prevent the occurrence of high-altitude parabolic situations; Those who fail to take necessary security measures shall bear the tort liability for failing to fulfill their security obligations according to law. In other words, the property also has the obligation to remind and investigate high-altitude parabolic objects. If it fails to fulfill its security obligations, it should also bear corresponding responsibilities.

　　"Night market, property, Wanda, public safety management department, police, etc. all have responsibilities in this preventable case." Ms. Lou said that at present, the case has been submitted to the procuratorate, and then she will continue to pursue the responsibility of criminals and relevant units and departments.

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